NURS-UL 3366 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
WITH RATIONALES FALL 2025/26 UPDATE - UTA.
homeostasis - answer- ; maintenance of constant conditions in the body's internal environment
Natriuretic peptide system - answer- ; fluid volume is high and the right atria and left ventricle
detect that and secrete ANP and BNP --> in the kidneys they stimulate them to increase
urination and fluid volume will go down
creatine kinase - answer- ; an enzyme,e found in most sucre cells that catalyzes the
transference of phosphate groups back and forth between ADP and ATP
myoglobin - answer- ; found in most muscle cells
troponin - answer- ; type of protein molecule only found in heart muscle
ischemia - answer- ; oxygen deprivation to cells (hypoxia) due to a decrease in arterial
coruscation to the area
acute ischemia - answer- ; hypoxia to tissues from sudden lack of blood supply like from an
arterial embolus or sickle cell crisis
chronic ischemia - answer- ; better tolerated because it allows time for adjustment, gradual
narrowing of arteries from atherosclerosis, slow-developing clot in a leg or coronary artery
, infarction - answer- ; the result of an untreated acute or chronic ischemia, cell death caused via
a lack of arterial blood supply
concept map for infarction - answer- ; coronary artery clogged with a clot --> ischemia to tissue
beyond the clot --> ischemia not treated --> progresses to anoxia --> infarction of distal tissue
carbon monoxide poisoning - answer- ; has a high affinity for hemoglobin and binds in the place
of oxygen preventing it from binding so tissues become hypoxic leading to cell damage
S&S of carbon monoxide poisoning - answer- ; related to percent of HgCO in the body,
headache, giddiness, confusion, seizures, and coma
gout - answer- ; systemic disease caused by a buildup of uric acids in the blood, uric acid
crystals accumulate and settle in the joints causing swelling and pain
characteristics of benign tumors - answer- ; slow growth, growth is well encapsulated and non-
metastasizing, cells are pretty differentiated
T in tumor staging - answer- ; T=size of the tumor. T0 means there are no cancer cells, T1-T3 is
cancerous tumor size
N in tumor staging - answer- ; N is the extent go lymph node involvement, N0 is none, N1-N3 is
nodes involved
M in tumor staging - answer- ; M is metastasis, spread to tissues beyond local lymph nodes, M0
is none, M1-M3 is mets present
naming of benign tumors - answer- ; end is "Oma" and first part is the tissue involved
WITH RATIONALES FALL 2025/26 UPDATE - UTA.
homeostasis - answer- ; maintenance of constant conditions in the body's internal environment
Natriuretic peptide system - answer- ; fluid volume is high and the right atria and left ventricle
detect that and secrete ANP and BNP --> in the kidneys they stimulate them to increase
urination and fluid volume will go down
creatine kinase - answer- ; an enzyme,e found in most sucre cells that catalyzes the
transference of phosphate groups back and forth between ADP and ATP
myoglobin - answer- ; found in most muscle cells
troponin - answer- ; type of protein molecule only found in heart muscle
ischemia - answer- ; oxygen deprivation to cells (hypoxia) due to a decrease in arterial
coruscation to the area
acute ischemia - answer- ; hypoxia to tissues from sudden lack of blood supply like from an
arterial embolus or sickle cell crisis
chronic ischemia - answer- ; better tolerated because it allows time for adjustment, gradual
narrowing of arteries from atherosclerosis, slow-developing clot in a leg or coronary artery
, infarction - answer- ; the result of an untreated acute or chronic ischemia, cell death caused via
a lack of arterial blood supply
concept map for infarction - answer- ; coronary artery clogged with a clot --> ischemia to tissue
beyond the clot --> ischemia not treated --> progresses to anoxia --> infarction of distal tissue
carbon monoxide poisoning - answer- ; has a high affinity for hemoglobin and binds in the place
of oxygen preventing it from binding so tissues become hypoxic leading to cell damage
S&S of carbon monoxide poisoning - answer- ; related to percent of HgCO in the body,
headache, giddiness, confusion, seizures, and coma
gout - answer- ; systemic disease caused by a buildup of uric acids in the blood, uric acid
crystals accumulate and settle in the joints causing swelling and pain
characteristics of benign tumors - answer- ; slow growth, growth is well encapsulated and non-
metastasizing, cells are pretty differentiated
T in tumor staging - answer- ; T=size of the tumor. T0 means there are no cancer cells, T1-T3 is
cancerous tumor size
N in tumor staging - answer- ; N is the extent go lymph node involvement, N0 is none, N1-N3 is
nodes involved
M in tumor staging - answer- ; M is metastasis, spread to tissues beyond local lymph nodes, M0
is none, M1-M3 is mets present
naming of benign tumors - answer- ; end is "Oma" and first part is the tissue involved
