BCHM 4360 Exam 1 Chapter 6

BCHM 4360 Exam 1 Chapter 6
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Terms in this set (395)


Before cells divide, DNA _______ must occur replication

DNA replication is the complete, faithful copying
__________ of the DNA comprising the cell's
chromosomes

What type of replication is DNA semi-conservative
replication?

each strand of the parental double helix acts as a template for the synthesis of a
Semi-conservative replication
new daughter DNA strand

in order to copy the template strand: base; complementary base
1. the _____ on the template strand must be
identified
2. the _________ _____ must be added

In DNA, A pairs with _______ and G pairs T; C
with _________

nucleotides are added to the ____ end 3'

copying the template strand ensures that identical; identical
each daughter double-helix is _________ to
the parental double-helix and that each
daughter cell will receive ________ DNA
molecules

replication starts at special sites called origins of replication

replication moves away from the origin in replication bubble
both directions, forming a

the DNA double-helix is opened at the origin of replication; replication forks
____________________________ and unwound to form
_____________________

at replication forks, ________ is exposed and ssDNA; DNA synthesis
_______________ can occur

DNA synthesis on both strands occurs in a 5'; 3'
____ to ____ direction

, DNA synthesis is continuous on one leading; lagging
strand, the ________ strand, but
discontinuous on the other strand, the
_________ strand

DNA synthesis is _______ on the leading continuous
strand

DNA synthesis is _______ on the lagging discontinuous
strand

the leading strand requires _____ primer, one; multiple
while the lagging strand requires ______

1. Initiation
three phases of DNA synthesis 2. Elongation
3. Termination

the origin of replication is recognized by initiator protein
an

initiator proteins open up the _________ _____ double helix; helicases
and recruit ________

DNA helicases _________ the helix to expose unwind; ssDNA
__________

single-stranded DNA is coated with ssDNA binding proteins

initiation is controlled to occur _____ per once
cell cycle

DNA synthesis needs a _____ that can only primer
add nucleotides to an existing 3' end

DNA synthesis primer is a short RNA primase
strand synthesized by

after the RNA primer is synthesized, the sliding clamp
_________ __________ is recruited

DNA polymerase is associated with DNA clamp loader; sliding clamp
via the _______ _________ and the ________ ______

______ ________ is associated with DNA via the DNA polymerase
clamp loader and the sliding clamp

the replication machinery moves along copying
the DNA, ________ the strands

each base in the parental DNA is read by DNA polymerase

________________ adds complementary bases DNA polymerase
to the growing strand in a 5' to 3'
direction

DNA polymerase adds complementary 5'; 3'
bases to the growing strand in a ____ to ____
direction

1. two different replication forks meet
3 ways termination can occur 2. the fork reaches the end of a linear chromosome
3. polymerase meets the previously replicated strand

1. replication complexes are disassembled
2. RNA primers are removed and replaced with DNA
4 steps of termination
3. DNA ligase connects adjacent strands
4. the replisome is disassembled