BIOLl 1108l Examl 1l –l Principlesl ofl
Biologyl IIl (Latestl 2026/l 2027l Update)l
Review|l 100%l Verifiedl Questionsl &l
Answersl |l Gradel A
Q:l naturall selectionl occursl when...
Answer:
...individualsl withl certainl traitsl reproducel morel offspringl thanl dol individualsl withoutl
thosel traits
Q:l stabilizingl selection
Answer:
againstl thel extremes
Q:l directionall selection
Answer:
againstl onel extreme
Q:l disruptivel selection
Answer:
againstl thel mean
STRONGl andl QUICK
Q:l artificiall selection
,Answer:
selectionl byl breederl ratherl thanl competition
Q:l positivel selection
Answer:
selectionl thatl increasesl thel frequencyl ofl al FAVORABLEl allele
Q:l negativel selection
Answer:
selectionl thatl decreasesl thel frequencyl ofl al deleteriousl allele
Q:l balancingl selection
Answer:
refersl tol whenl twol allelel arel maintainedl inl thel population
ex:l malarial andl thel heterozygotel advantagel (heterozygote'sl fitnessl isl higherl thanl eitherl
homozygotesl resultingl inl selectionl thatl ensuresl bothl allelesl tol remainl inl thel population)
Q:l sexuall selection
Answer:
promotesl traitsl thatl increasel anl individualsl accessl tol reproductivel opportunities
Q:l migration
Answer:
movementl ofl individualsl froml onel populationl tol another
,Q:l genel flow
Answer:
movementl ofl allelesl froml onel populationl tol another;l increasesl geneticl variation
Q:l geneticl driftl hasl al largel effectl onl whatl typel ofl populations?
Answer:
small
Q:l geneticl drift:l bottleneck
Answer:
al sharpl reductionl inl thel sizel ofl thel populationl duel tol environmentall eventsl
(earthquakes,l floods,l etc)
Q:l founderl event
Answer:
al fewl individualsl leavel thel populationl andl startl al newl population
Q:l molecularl evolution
Answer:
changel inl DNAl orl aminol acidl sequencesl overl time
Q:l molecularl clock
Answer:
thel correlationl betweenl thel timel twol speciesl havel beenl evolutionarilyl separatedl andl thel
amountl ofl geneticl divergencel betweenl them
, Q:l phylogeneticl tree
Answer:
al reasonedl hypothesisl ofl thel evolutionaryl relationshipl amongl organisms
Q:l node
Answer:
pointl ofl commonl ancestry;l canl bel rotated
Q:l speciation
Answer:
thel processl whichl physically,l psychologicallyl orl ecologicallyl isolatedl populationsl divergel
froml onel anotherl tol thel pointl wherel theyl canl nol longerl producel fertilel offspring
Q:l classificationl hierarchy
Answer:
domain,l kingdom,l phylum,l classl order,l family,l genus,l species
Q:l phylogenetics
Answer:
thel studyl ofl evolutionaryl relationshipsl amongl organismsl whichl aiml tol discoverl thel
patternl ofl evolutionaryl relatednessl amongl groupsl ofl species
Q:l sisterl groups
Answer:
groupsl thatl arel closelyl relativel tol eachl thanl eitherl ofl theml isl tol anyl group
Biologyl IIl (Latestl 2026/l 2027l Update)l
Review|l 100%l Verifiedl Questionsl &l
Answersl |l Gradel A
Q:l naturall selectionl occursl when...
Answer:
...individualsl withl certainl traitsl reproducel morel offspringl thanl dol individualsl withoutl
thosel traits
Q:l stabilizingl selection
Answer:
againstl thel extremes
Q:l directionall selection
Answer:
againstl onel extreme
Q:l disruptivel selection
Answer:
againstl thel mean
STRONGl andl QUICK
Q:l artificiall selection
,Answer:
selectionl byl breederl ratherl thanl competition
Q:l positivel selection
Answer:
selectionl thatl increasesl thel frequencyl ofl al FAVORABLEl allele
Q:l negativel selection
Answer:
selectionl thatl decreasesl thel frequencyl ofl al deleteriousl allele
Q:l balancingl selection
Answer:
refersl tol whenl twol allelel arel maintainedl inl thel population
ex:l malarial andl thel heterozygotel advantagel (heterozygote'sl fitnessl isl higherl thanl eitherl
homozygotesl resultingl inl selectionl thatl ensuresl bothl allelesl tol remainl inl thel population)
Q:l sexuall selection
Answer:
promotesl traitsl thatl increasel anl individualsl accessl tol reproductivel opportunities
Q:l migration
Answer:
movementl ofl individualsl froml onel populationl tol another
,Q:l genel flow
Answer:
movementl ofl allelesl froml onel populationl tol another;l increasesl geneticl variation
Q:l geneticl driftl hasl al largel effectl onl whatl typel ofl populations?
Answer:
small
Q:l geneticl drift:l bottleneck
Answer:
al sharpl reductionl inl thel sizel ofl thel populationl duel tol environmentall eventsl
(earthquakes,l floods,l etc)
Q:l founderl event
Answer:
al fewl individualsl leavel thel populationl andl startl al newl population
Q:l molecularl evolution
Answer:
changel inl DNAl orl aminol acidl sequencesl overl time
Q:l molecularl clock
Answer:
thel correlationl betweenl thel timel twol speciesl havel beenl evolutionarilyl separatedl andl thel
amountl ofl geneticl divergencel betweenl them
, Q:l phylogeneticl tree
Answer:
al reasonedl hypothesisl ofl thel evolutionaryl relationshipl amongl organisms
Q:l node
Answer:
pointl ofl commonl ancestry;l canl bel rotated
Q:l speciation
Answer:
thel processl whichl physically,l psychologicallyl orl ecologicallyl isolatedl populationsl divergel
froml onel anotherl tol thel pointl wherel theyl canl nol longerl producel fertilel offspring
Q:l classificationl hierarchy
Answer:
domain,l kingdom,l phylum,l classl order,l family,l genus,l species
Q:l phylogenetics
Answer:
thel studyl ofl evolutionaryl relationshipsl amongl organismsl whichl aiml tol discoverl thel
patternl ofl evolutionaryl relatednessl amongl groupsl ofl species
Q:l sisterl groups
Answer:
groupsl thatl arel closelyl relativel tol eachl thanl eitherl ofl theml isl tol anyl group
