BIOS 256 – Exam 1 Review (50+ Questions) – Digestive System, GI Hormones, Liver, Enzymes & Secretions – Chamberlain University

This document is a complete and graded A+ review guide for BIOS 256: Human Anatomy and Physiology IV at Chamberlain University, tailored for the 2025/2026 academic year. It includes over 50 verified exam questions and answers, with clear labels and structured responses across both multiple-choice and short essay formats. The content focuses on the gastrointestinal (GI) system and its related organs, making it an ideal companion for students preparing for Exam 1. Covered topics include: Digestive anatomy and function: breakdown and absorption of food, alimentary canal pathway, salivary glands, stomach and intestinal regions, liver lobules, gallbladder ducts, and omenta Secretions and digestion: functions and components of saliva, stomach acid roles (protein digestion, bacterial defense, pepsin activation), bile production, enzyme activity Liver and pancreas: hepatic blood flow pathway, hepatic triads (bile duct, hepatic artery, hepatic vein), and bile duct network (cystic, hepatic, pancreatic ducts) Hormonal regulation: detailed essay-style descriptions of GI hormones such as gastrin, secretin, and ghrelin, their sources, and digestive functions Swallowing (deglutition): oral, pharyngeal, and esophageal phases Regions of the small intestine: duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and their roles in digestion and absorption This document is ideal for: BIOS 256 students reviewing for Exam 1 focused on the digestive system Pre-nursing, pre-medical, or allied health students needing structured reinforcement of GI anatomy and physiology Learners seeking high-yield, clearly written Q&A format for both concept review and test prep Students preparing for both objective questions and short-answer essay responses on GI content Clear, labeled sections and comprehensive examples make this guide an effective and exam-focused resource to master digestive physiology and hormone integration. Keywords: digestive system, GI tract, alimentary canal, stomach acid, saliva components, bile ducts, hepatic triad, liver lobule, deglutition, salivary glands, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, gastrin, secretin, ghrelin, enzyme activation, bile production, gallbladder, omentum, pharynx, esophagus, pancreas, hepatic sinusoids, portal vein, metabolic detoxification