*1388852725*
INSTRUCTIONS
• Use black ink.
• Write your answer to each question in the Answer Booklet. The question numbers must
be clearly shown.
• Fill in the boxes on the front of the Answer Booklet.
• Answer all the questions.
INFORMATION
• The total mark for this paper is 105.
• The marks for each question are shown in brackets [ ].
• Quality of extended response will be assessed in questions marked with an asterisk (*).
• Spelling, punctuation and grammar (SPaG) and the use of specialist terminology will be
assessed in questions marked with a pencil ().
• This document has 8 pages.
ADVICE
• Read each question carefully before you start your answer.
© OCR 2025 [601/8091/2] DC (KS/SG) 342795/8
OCR is an exempt Charity
Turn over
Section A
International Relations: the changing international order 1918–1975
You should spend about 1 hour on this section.
1 Outline how the terms of the Treaty of Versailles were intended to ensure future
peace. [5]
, 2
2 Explain why Cuba became a focus of tension between the USSR and the USA in the
1960s. [10]
3 Study Interpretation A.
Do you think this interpretation is a fair comment on Neville Chamberlain and his
policies in the period 1937–1939?
Use other interpretations of the events of 1937–1939 and your knowledge to support your
answer.
Interpretation A
From ‘Munich – Its Lessons Ten Years Later’, an essay written by British
historian Hugh Trevor-Roper, published in 1948.
There was plenty of evidence that Hitler was following a policy of aggression,
but Neville Chamberlain was a man of limited intelligence. He simply could not
believe that Hitler was any different from himself. If Chamberlain wanted peace,
so must Hitler. If the evidence contradicted him, he ignored it. Chamberlain did
not want to strengthen the alliance against Hitler, he wanted to break it up in
order to clear the way for his personal diplomacy. The fact that he acted out of
arrogance and stupidity, not out of wickedness, is no excuse. Hitler flattered
Chamberlain by telling him he was the only man he had ever given in to, and
Chamberlain believed him.
4 Study Interpretation B.
Explain why not all historians and commentators have agreed with this interpretation.
Use other interpretations and your knowledge to support your answer.
() Spelling, punctuation and grammar and the use of specialist terminology
Interpretation B
From ‘The Origins of the Cold War’, an essay written by US historian Arthur
Schlesinger, published in 1970.
Neither side made a decision to start the Cold War. It happened because each
followed policies which the other saw as a threat. The USSR thought it had no
choice but to strengthen its security in Eastern Europe. The Americans saw this as
the USSR’s first step towards taking over Europe and so they responded by
declaring their interest in Eastern Europe. This made the USSR think that the USA
was trying to set up anti-Soviet governments in the area. There was a failure of
communication between the USA and the USSR and, as time went on, a tendency
to think the worst of the other side’s actions.
Soviet is another term for the USSR.
© OCR 2025 J410/01 Jun25
, 3
Turn over for Section B
Turn over
Section B
China 1950–1981: The People and the State
You should spend about 45 minutes on this section.
5 Describe one example of opposition to Deng Xiaoping between 1976 and 1981.
[2]
6 Explain why Mao used propaganda in China between 1966 and 1976. [10]
7
(a) Study Source A.
Why was this poster published by the Chinese government in the early 1980s?
Source A
A Chinese government poster from the early 1980s. The writing on the bottom of the
poster says ‘it’s good to have only one’.
© OCR 2025 J410/01 Jun25
, 4
(b) Study Source B.
How reliable is this source as evidence about the Chinese economy between 1976 and
1981? [5]
Source B
From a written statement by the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist
Party in June 1981. All members of the Communist Party were ordered to read
the statement.
Through a struggle waged by the entire Party and the people, the damage caused
by the Cultural Revolution has started to be repaired. Progress has been made in
our economy. Grain output has increased and significant successes have been
achieved in industry, science and
technology.
8* ‘Between 1950 and 1965, Mao’s policies were a disaster for the Chinese people.’
How far do you agree?
END OF QUESTION PAPER
© OCR 2025 J410/01 Jun25
INSTRUCTIONS
• Use black ink.
• Write your answer to each question in the Answer Booklet. The question numbers must
be clearly shown.
• Fill in the boxes on the front of the Answer Booklet.
• Answer all the questions.
INFORMATION
• The total mark for this paper is 105.
• The marks for each question are shown in brackets [ ].
• Quality of extended response will be assessed in questions marked with an asterisk (*).
• Spelling, punctuation and grammar (SPaG) and the use of specialist terminology will be
assessed in questions marked with a pencil ().
• This document has 8 pages.
ADVICE
• Read each question carefully before you start your answer.
© OCR 2025 [601/8091/2] DC (KS/SG) 342795/8
OCR is an exempt Charity
Turn over
Section A
International Relations: the changing international order 1918–1975
You should spend about 1 hour on this section.
1 Outline how the terms of the Treaty of Versailles were intended to ensure future
peace. [5]
, 2
2 Explain why Cuba became a focus of tension between the USSR and the USA in the
1960s. [10]
3 Study Interpretation A.
Do you think this interpretation is a fair comment on Neville Chamberlain and his
policies in the period 1937–1939?
Use other interpretations of the events of 1937–1939 and your knowledge to support your
answer.
Interpretation A
From ‘Munich – Its Lessons Ten Years Later’, an essay written by British
historian Hugh Trevor-Roper, published in 1948.
There was plenty of evidence that Hitler was following a policy of aggression,
but Neville Chamberlain was a man of limited intelligence. He simply could not
believe that Hitler was any different from himself. If Chamberlain wanted peace,
so must Hitler. If the evidence contradicted him, he ignored it. Chamberlain did
not want to strengthen the alliance against Hitler, he wanted to break it up in
order to clear the way for his personal diplomacy. The fact that he acted out of
arrogance and stupidity, not out of wickedness, is no excuse. Hitler flattered
Chamberlain by telling him he was the only man he had ever given in to, and
Chamberlain believed him.
4 Study Interpretation B.
Explain why not all historians and commentators have agreed with this interpretation.
Use other interpretations and your knowledge to support your answer.
() Spelling, punctuation and grammar and the use of specialist terminology
Interpretation B
From ‘The Origins of the Cold War’, an essay written by US historian Arthur
Schlesinger, published in 1970.
Neither side made a decision to start the Cold War. It happened because each
followed policies which the other saw as a threat. The USSR thought it had no
choice but to strengthen its security in Eastern Europe. The Americans saw this as
the USSR’s first step towards taking over Europe and so they responded by
declaring their interest in Eastern Europe. This made the USSR think that the USA
was trying to set up anti-Soviet governments in the area. There was a failure of
communication between the USA and the USSR and, as time went on, a tendency
to think the worst of the other side’s actions.
Soviet is another term for the USSR.
© OCR 2025 J410/01 Jun25
, 3
Turn over for Section B
Turn over
Section B
China 1950–1981: The People and the State
You should spend about 45 minutes on this section.
5 Describe one example of opposition to Deng Xiaoping between 1976 and 1981.
[2]
6 Explain why Mao used propaganda in China between 1966 and 1976. [10]
7
(a) Study Source A.
Why was this poster published by the Chinese government in the early 1980s?
Source A
A Chinese government poster from the early 1980s. The writing on the bottom of the
poster says ‘it’s good to have only one’.
© OCR 2025 J410/01 Jun25
, 4
(b) Study Source B.
How reliable is this source as evidence about the Chinese economy between 1976 and
1981? [5]
Source B
From a written statement by the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist
Party in June 1981. All members of the Communist Party were ordered to read
the statement.
Through a struggle waged by the entire Party and the people, the damage caused
by the Cultural Revolution has started to be repaired. Progress has been made in
our economy. Grain output has increased and significant successes have been
achieved in industry, science and
technology.
8* ‘Between 1950 and 1965, Mao’s policies were a disaster for the Chinese people.’
How far do you agree?
END OF QUESTION PAPER
© OCR 2025 J410/01 Jun25
