NURS 5315 TEST 3 2025/2026 SOLVED THE UNIVERSITY OF
TEXAS AT ALINGTON 100% ACCURATE SPRING GRADED A
Which anemia type is often associated with excessive alcohol intake and presents with macrocytosis?
A. Sickle cell anemia
B. Folate deficiency anemia
C. Iron deficiency anemia
D. Hemolytic anemia
B. Folate deficiency anemia
Rationale: Folate deficiency anemia is commonly associated with excessive alcohol intake, which impairs
folate absorption and utilization, leading to macrocytosis.
What diagnostic test confirms the presence of sickle cell anemia?
A. Serum ferritin test
B. Bone marrow biopsy
C. Hemoglobin electrophoresis
D. TIBC assessment
C. Hemoglobin electrophoresis
Rationale: Hemoglobin electrophoresis identifies the presence of hemoglobin S (HbS), confirming the
diagnosis of sickle cell anemia.
Which of the following is a common cause of leukopenia?
A. Chronic inflammation
B. Bone marrow suppression
C. Acute bacterial infections
D. Stress responses
B. Bone marrow suppression
Rationale: Bone marrow suppression is a common cause of leukopenia, as it reduces the production of
white blood cells. This suppression can occur due to chemotherapy, radiation, or certain autoimmune
conditions.
,What condition is characterized by an elevated white blood cell (WBC) count?
A. Leukopenia
B. Thrombocytopenia
C. Leukocytosis
D. Anemia
C. Leukocytosis
Rationale: Leukocytosis is defined as an elevated white blood cell count and can be caused by infections,
inflammation, stress, or hematologic malignancies like leukemia.
Which laboratory finding would most likely be associated with a severe bacterial infection?
A. Leukopenia
B. Leukocytosis with neutrophilia
C. Leukocytosis with eosinophilia
D. Normal WBC count
B. Leukocytosis with neutrophilia
Rationale: Severe bacterial infections often lead to leukocytosis with neutrophilia (increased
neutrophils) as the immune system responds to fight the infection.
Which medication class is most likely to cause leukopenia?
A. Beta-blockers
B. Corticosteroids
C. Chemotherapy agents
D. Antacids
C. Chemotherapy agents
Rationale: Chemotherapy agents commonly cause leukopenia by suppressing bone marrow activity,
reducing white blood cell production.
Which condition is characterized by a WBC count below 4,000 cells per microliter?
A. Leukocytosis
B. Leukopenia
C. Anemia
D. Thrombocytopenia
,B. Leukopenia
Rationale: Leukopenia is defined as a white blood cell count below 4,000 cells per microliter and can
result from bone marrow suppression, infections, autoimmune diseases, or nutritional deficiencies.
Which of the following autoimmune diseases is most likely associated with leukopenia?
A. Rheumatoid arthritis
B. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
C. Crohn's disease
D. Multiple sclerosis
B. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
Rationale: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) can cause leukopenia by attacking WBCs or their bone
marrow precursors. Other autoimmune conditions are less commonly associated with leukopenia.
What is a common cause of leukocytosis?
A. Chemotherapy
B. Viral infections like HIV
C. Bacterial infections such as pneumonia
D. Vitamin B12 deficiency
C. Bacterial infections such as pneumonia
Rationale: Bacterial infections like pneumonia often trigger leukocytosis as the immune system ramps
up WBC production to fight the infection. Chemotherapy and vitamin deficiencies are more often
associated with leukopenia.
CBC shows a high WBC count with elevated neutrophils. What is the most likely cause?
A. Viral infection
B. Bacterial infection
C. Leukemia
D. Allergic reaction
B. Bacterial infection
Rationale: Bacterial infections typically lead to leukocytosis with neutrophilia (increased neutrophils), as
neutrophils are the primary WBCs responsible for combating bacterial pathogens.
, What is the role of 2,3-Bisphosphoglycerate (2,3-BPG) in oxygen transport?
A. Enhances oxygen loading in the lungs
B. Stabilizes deoxygenated hemoglobin, promoting oxygen release
C. Shifts the curve to the left
D. Reduces oxygen delivery to tissues
B. Stabilizes deoxygenated hemoglobin, promoting oxygen release
Rationale: 2,3-BPG binds to deoxygenated hemoglobin, reducing its oxygen affinity and facilitating
oxygen release at the tissue level, causing a rightward shift.
How does carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning affect the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve?
A. Shifts the curve to the right
B. No effect on the curve
C. Shifts the curve to the left, inhibiting oxygen release
D. Increases hemoglobin saturation
C. Shifts the curve to the left, inhibiting oxygen release
Rationale: CO binds with high affinity to hemoglobin, preventing oxygen binding and shifting the curve
to the left, which reduces oxygen release to tissues.
Which condition promotes oxygen unloading to tissues during exercise?
A. Hypothermia
B. Increased CO2 production
C. Alkalosis
D. Decreased 2,3-BPG levels
B. Increased CO2 production
Rationale: During exercise, increased CO2 production and decreased pH shift the curve to the right,
facilitating oxygen release to tissues.
What happens to oxygen delivery in tissues with a right-shifted oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation
curve?
A. Increased oxygen binding to hemoglobin
B. Enhanced oxygen unloading
C. Reduced tissue oxygenation
D. Stabilized oxygen saturation
TEXAS AT ALINGTON 100% ACCURATE SPRING GRADED A
Which anemia type is often associated with excessive alcohol intake and presents with macrocytosis?
A. Sickle cell anemia
B. Folate deficiency anemia
C. Iron deficiency anemia
D. Hemolytic anemia
B. Folate deficiency anemia
Rationale: Folate deficiency anemia is commonly associated with excessive alcohol intake, which impairs
folate absorption and utilization, leading to macrocytosis.
What diagnostic test confirms the presence of sickle cell anemia?
A. Serum ferritin test
B. Bone marrow biopsy
C. Hemoglobin electrophoresis
D. TIBC assessment
C. Hemoglobin electrophoresis
Rationale: Hemoglobin electrophoresis identifies the presence of hemoglobin S (HbS), confirming the
diagnosis of sickle cell anemia.
Which of the following is a common cause of leukopenia?
A. Chronic inflammation
B. Bone marrow suppression
C. Acute bacterial infections
D. Stress responses
B. Bone marrow suppression
Rationale: Bone marrow suppression is a common cause of leukopenia, as it reduces the production of
white blood cells. This suppression can occur due to chemotherapy, radiation, or certain autoimmune
conditions.
,What condition is characterized by an elevated white blood cell (WBC) count?
A. Leukopenia
B. Thrombocytopenia
C. Leukocytosis
D. Anemia
C. Leukocytosis
Rationale: Leukocytosis is defined as an elevated white blood cell count and can be caused by infections,
inflammation, stress, or hematologic malignancies like leukemia.
Which laboratory finding would most likely be associated with a severe bacterial infection?
A. Leukopenia
B. Leukocytosis with neutrophilia
C. Leukocytosis with eosinophilia
D. Normal WBC count
B. Leukocytosis with neutrophilia
Rationale: Severe bacterial infections often lead to leukocytosis with neutrophilia (increased
neutrophils) as the immune system responds to fight the infection.
Which medication class is most likely to cause leukopenia?
A. Beta-blockers
B. Corticosteroids
C. Chemotherapy agents
D. Antacids
C. Chemotherapy agents
Rationale: Chemotherapy agents commonly cause leukopenia by suppressing bone marrow activity,
reducing white blood cell production.
Which condition is characterized by a WBC count below 4,000 cells per microliter?
A. Leukocytosis
B. Leukopenia
C. Anemia
D. Thrombocytopenia
,B. Leukopenia
Rationale: Leukopenia is defined as a white blood cell count below 4,000 cells per microliter and can
result from bone marrow suppression, infections, autoimmune diseases, or nutritional deficiencies.
Which of the following autoimmune diseases is most likely associated with leukopenia?
A. Rheumatoid arthritis
B. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
C. Crohn's disease
D. Multiple sclerosis
B. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
Rationale: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) can cause leukopenia by attacking WBCs or their bone
marrow precursors. Other autoimmune conditions are less commonly associated with leukopenia.
What is a common cause of leukocytosis?
A. Chemotherapy
B. Viral infections like HIV
C. Bacterial infections such as pneumonia
D. Vitamin B12 deficiency
C. Bacterial infections such as pneumonia
Rationale: Bacterial infections like pneumonia often trigger leukocytosis as the immune system ramps
up WBC production to fight the infection. Chemotherapy and vitamin deficiencies are more often
associated with leukopenia.
CBC shows a high WBC count with elevated neutrophils. What is the most likely cause?
A. Viral infection
B. Bacterial infection
C. Leukemia
D. Allergic reaction
B. Bacterial infection
Rationale: Bacterial infections typically lead to leukocytosis with neutrophilia (increased neutrophils), as
neutrophils are the primary WBCs responsible for combating bacterial pathogens.
, What is the role of 2,3-Bisphosphoglycerate (2,3-BPG) in oxygen transport?
A. Enhances oxygen loading in the lungs
B. Stabilizes deoxygenated hemoglobin, promoting oxygen release
C. Shifts the curve to the left
D. Reduces oxygen delivery to tissues
B. Stabilizes deoxygenated hemoglobin, promoting oxygen release
Rationale: 2,3-BPG binds to deoxygenated hemoglobin, reducing its oxygen affinity and facilitating
oxygen release at the tissue level, causing a rightward shift.
How does carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning affect the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve?
A. Shifts the curve to the right
B. No effect on the curve
C. Shifts the curve to the left, inhibiting oxygen release
D. Increases hemoglobin saturation
C. Shifts the curve to the left, inhibiting oxygen release
Rationale: CO binds with high affinity to hemoglobin, preventing oxygen binding and shifting the curve
to the left, which reduces oxygen release to tissues.
Which condition promotes oxygen unloading to tissues during exercise?
A. Hypothermia
B. Increased CO2 production
C. Alkalosis
D. Decreased 2,3-BPG levels
B. Increased CO2 production
Rationale: During exercise, increased CO2 production and decreased pH shift the curve to the right,
facilitating oxygen release to tissues.
What happens to oxygen delivery in tissues with a right-shifted oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation
curve?
A. Increased oxygen binding to hemoglobin
B. Enhanced oxygen unloading
C. Reduced tissue oxygenation
D. Stabilized oxygen saturation
