NSG 6420: Quiz 2 Review exam wiTH CORReCT aCTuaL QueSTiONS
aND CORReCTLY weLL DeFiNeD aNSweRS LaTeST 2025 – 2026
aLReaDY GRaDeD a+
CAD major risk factors - ANSWER-HTN, smoking, obesity, physical inactivity, dyslipidemia, diabetes,
Microalbuminuria, GFR <60, age (>55men, >65 women), Fam hx of premature cardiac dx
Etiology of AS - ANSWER-Congenital and senile calcifications
AR etiologies - ANSWER-HTN, aortic dissection, syphilis, collagen vascular disorders
MR etiologies - ANSWER-rupture chordae tendinae, CAD, MVP, infectious endocarditis
AS characteristics - ANSWER-*increased with pt leaning forward
*crescendo-decrescendo/diamond shaped murmur
*radiates to neck
*Early systolic "click"
Most common cause of AS? - ANSWER-calcification of a normal trileaflet or congenital bicuspid
valve
MR characteristics - ANSWER-Radiates to chest and axilla
*high pitch with blowing quality
, *pansystolic regurg murmur with thrill
Standing will decrease murmur, squeezing both hands will increase murmur
MR complications - ANSWER-afib - affects approx 75% with MR
systolic embolization
bacterial endocarditis
Most common cause of MR? - ANSWER-MVP
Prophy antibiotics? - ANSWER-invasive procedures and dental cleaning if MR and MVP
CHF s/sx - ANSWER-Cough at first nonproductive at night, progressing to frequent cough
productive of pink frothy sputum
orthopnea
What is diabetes equitable to? - ANSWER-Heart disease
-assumed the patient with DM already has microvascular dx processes in place
HDL, Triglyceride levels - ANSWER->40 in males, >50 in females
Trigs <150
Secondary hyperlipidemia causes? - ANSWER-identifiable diseases or conditions:
DM, metabolic syndrome- reversible with control or eradication
Primary hyperlipidemia causes? - ANSWER-Hereditary or sporadic genetic disorder of lipoprotein
metabolism
aND CORReCTLY weLL DeFiNeD aNSweRS LaTeST 2025 – 2026
aLReaDY GRaDeD a+
CAD major risk factors - ANSWER-HTN, smoking, obesity, physical inactivity, dyslipidemia, diabetes,
Microalbuminuria, GFR <60, age (>55men, >65 women), Fam hx of premature cardiac dx
Etiology of AS - ANSWER-Congenital and senile calcifications
AR etiologies - ANSWER-HTN, aortic dissection, syphilis, collagen vascular disorders
MR etiologies - ANSWER-rupture chordae tendinae, CAD, MVP, infectious endocarditis
AS characteristics - ANSWER-*increased with pt leaning forward
*crescendo-decrescendo/diamond shaped murmur
*radiates to neck
*Early systolic "click"
Most common cause of AS? - ANSWER-calcification of a normal trileaflet or congenital bicuspid
valve
MR characteristics - ANSWER-Radiates to chest and axilla
*high pitch with blowing quality
, *pansystolic regurg murmur with thrill
Standing will decrease murmur, squeezing both hands will increase murmur
MR complications - ANSWER-afib - affects approx 75% with MR
systolic embolization
bacterial endocarditis
Most common cause of MR? - ANSWER-MVP
Prophy antibiotics? - ANSWER-invasive procedures and dental cleaning if MR and MVP
CHF s/sx - ANSWER-Cough at first nonproductive at night, progressing to frequent cough
productive of pink frothy sputum
orthopnea
What is diabetes equitable to? - ANSWER-Heart disease
-assumed the patient with DM already has microvascular dx processes in place
HDL, Triglyceride levels - ANSWER->40 in males, >50 in females
Trigs <150
Secondary hyperlipidemia causes? - ANSWER-identifiable diseases or conditions:
DM, metabolic syndrome- reversible with control or eradication
Primary hyperlipidemia causes? - ANSWER-Hereditary or sporadic genetic disorder of lipoprotein
metabolism
