Test Bank for Porth's Pathophysiology Concepts of Altered Health States 12th Edition by Tommie L. Norris, Chapters 1 - 52

,1. At an international nursing conference, many discussions and breakout sessions fo
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cused on the World Health Organization (WHO) views on health. Of the followi
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ng comments made by nurses during a discussion session, which statements woul
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d be considered a good representation of the WHO definition? Select all that app
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ly.
A) Interests in keeping the elderly population engaged in such activities as
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book reviews and word games during social time
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B) Increase in the number of chair aerobics classes provided in the skille
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d care facilities x@ x@


C) Interventions geared toward keeping the elderly population diagnosed with
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diabetes mellitus under tight blood glucose control by providing in-
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home cooking classes x@ x@


D) Providing transportation for renal dialysis patients to and from their hemodi
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alysis sessions x@


E) Providing handwashing teaching sessions to a group of young children Ans:
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A, B, C, E x@ x@ x@


Feedback:
The WHO definition of health is defined as ―a state of complete physical, mental
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, and social well-
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being and not merely the absence of disease and infirmity.‖ Engaging in book re
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views facilitates mental and social well-
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being; chair aerobics helps facilitate physical well-
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being; and assisting with tight control of diabetes helps with facilitating physical
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well-
being even though the person has a chronic disease. Handwashing is vital in the
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prevention of disease and spread of germs.
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2. A community health nurse is teaching a group of recent graduates about the l
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arge variety of factors that influence an individual's health or lack thereof. Th
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e nurse is referring to the Healthy People 2020 report from the U.S. Departm
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ent of Health and Human Services as a teaching example. Of the following a
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spects discussed, which would be considered a determinant of health that is o
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utside the focus of this report?
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A) The client has a diverse background by being of Asian and Native Amer
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ican descent and practices various alternative therapies to minimize effects
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of stress. @ x@


B) The client has a family history of cardiovascular disease related to hy
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percholesterolemia and remains noncompliant with the treatment regime x@ x@ x@ x@ x@ x@ x@


.
C) The client has a good career with exceptional preventative health care benefits.
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D) The client lives in an affluent, clean, suburban community with access to
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many health care facilities.
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Ans: B x@


Feedback:
In Healthy People 2020, the focus is to promote good health to all (such as usin
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g alternative therapies to minimize effects of stress); achieving health equity and
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promoting health for all (which includes having good health care benefits); and p
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romoting good health (which includes living in a clean community with good acc
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,ess to health care). A client's noncompliance with treatments to control high chole
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sterol levels within the presence of a family history of CV disease does not meet
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x@the ―attaining lives free of preventable disease and premature death‖ determinant
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.

, TEST BANK FOR PORTH'S PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 10TH EDITION BY NORRIS
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3. A physician is providing care for a number of patients on a medical unit of a la
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rge, university hospital. The physician is discussing with a colleague the different
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iation between diseases that are caused by abnormal molecules and diseases that
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cause disease. Which of the following patients most clearly demonstrates the cons
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equences of molecules that cause disease?
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A) A 31-year- x@


old woman with sickle cell anemia who is receiving a transfusion of pac
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ked red blood cells x@ x@ x@


B) A 91-year- x@


old woman who has experienced an ischemic stroke resulting from famil
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ial hypercholesterolemia x@


C) A 19-year- x@


old man with exacerbation of his cystic fibrosis requiring oxygen thera
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py and chest physiotherapy x@ x@ x@


D) A 30-year- x@


old homeless man who has Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) and is HI
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V positive. x@


Ans: D x@


Feedback:
PCP is an example of the effect of a molecule that directly contributes to disease.
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Sickle cell anemia, familial hypercholesterolemia, and cystic fibrosis are all exam
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ples of the effects of abnormal molecules.
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4. A member of the health care team is researching the etiology and pathogenesis
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of a number of clients who are under his care in a hospital context. Which of
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the following aspects of clients' situations bNesUt RchSaIraNctGerTizBe.s pC
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aOthMogenesis rather than etiology? A) A client who has been exposed to the
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacterium x@ x@


B) A client who has increasing serum ammonia levels due to liver cirrhosis
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C) A client who was admitted with the effects of methyl alcohol poisoning
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D) A client with multiple skeletal injuries secondary to a motor vehicle accident
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Ans: B x@ x@


Feedback:
Pathogenesis refers to the progressive and evolutionary course of disease, such as
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the increasing ammonia levels that accompany liver disease. Bacteria, poisons, an
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d traumatic injuries are examples of etiologic factors.
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5. A new myocardial infarction patient requiring angioplasty and stent placement has
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arrived to his first cardiac rehabilitation appointment. In this first session, a revi
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ew of the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease is addressed. Which statement b
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y the patient verifies to the nurse that he has understood the nurse's teachings ab
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out coronary artery disease?
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A) ―All I have to do is stop smoking, and then I won't have any more heart attacks.‖
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B) ―My artery was clogged by fat, so I will need to stop eating fatty fo
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ods like French fries every day.‖
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C) ―Sounds like this began because of inflammation inside my artery that m
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