1
MED-SURG 1 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED ANSWERS
A nurse is conducting a safety seminar and reminds the audience that upper
extremity amputations are most frequently caused by trauma. Which population
has the highest incidence of this type of amputation?
School-aged girls
School-aged boys
Young men
Young women - correct-answer -Young men
RATIONALE: Young men are at greater risk from work trauma because they are
traditionally the ones working with farm and heavy machinery.
Which statement by a patient on dialysis, taking gentamicin (Garamycin), should
cause the nurse the most concern?
"I have a horrible headache."
"I've had diarrhea once or twice today."
"I'm thirsty. I can't get enough water."
"Speak up! I can't hear you." - correct-answer -"Speak up! I can't hear you."
, 2
RATIONALE: Garamycin is ototoxic. Indication of hearing impairment suggests drug
toxicity.
A home health patient diagnosed with cystitis has been prescribed the medication
phenazopyridine (Pyridium). When providing patient teaching, what should the
nurse caution the patient about?
Skin rash
Nausea
Staying out of the heat
Staining of clothing - correct-answer -Staining of clothing
RATIONALE: Pyridium causes the urine to be a bright orange color, which can stain
clothing.
What should nursing care focus on when caring for a patient with a ureteral
catheter in place after the removal of a kidney stone?
Including ureteral output with the bladder output
Early ambulation
Assessing for patency
Irrigating the catheter regularly - correct-answer -Assessing for patency
, 3
RATIONALE: Patency of the ureteral catheter is essential to prevent injury to the
kidney. The patient is on bed rest until the ureteral catheter is removed. The
output from the ureteral catheter is measured and recorded separately, and
irrigation, if performed, is not done on a regular schedule and is not more than 5
mL.
A nurse is caring for a patient with an atrioventricular (AV) fistula in the forearm
and assesses that a trill is absent when palpating the venous side of the fistula.
What action should the nurse implement?
Send the patient to dialysis for remedy.
Apply warm compresses and lower the arm below the heart level.
Report to the charge nurse that the fistula is occluded.
Inject the ordered amount of heparin into the fistula. - correct-answer -Report to
the charge nurse that the fistula is occluded.
RATIONALE: If the trill is absent, the fistula is occluded and should be reported.
Dialysis is not possible with the occlusion. Injecting the shunt is not in the scope of
practice of the licensed practical nurse (LPN). Warm compresses are not helpful.
A patient who has cystitis has been told to drink at least 30 mL for each kilogram
of body weight. Her weight is 154 lb. How many mL/day should the nurse instruct
the patient to drink?
, 4
3100
2100
1500
2700 - correct-answer -2100
RATIONALE: 154 lb ÷ 2.2 lb/kg = 70 kg; 70 kg × 30 mL = 2100 mL.
Which outcome is most necessary for a patient diagnosed with renal calculi?
Patient will measure intake and output so that they will be approximately equal.
Patient is able to describe measures to prevent recurrence of calculi.
Patient states an awareness of signs and symptoms of kidney stones and knows
where to find pain relief.
Patient will avoid infections and situations that would increase stress. - correct-
answer -Patient is able to describe measures to prevent recurrence of calculi.
RATIONALE: Recurrence of renal calculi is common. The patient needs to possess
the information necessary to understand the formation of stones to reduce the
risk of their recurrence.
Why are patients diagnosed with chronic renal failure and on dialysis prone to
injury?
MED-SURG 1 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
VERIFIED ANSWERS
A nurse is conducting a safety seminar and reminds the audience that upper
extremity amputations are most frequently caused by trauma. Which population
has the highest incidence of this type of amputation?
School-aged girls
School-aged boys
Young men
Young women - correct-answer -Young men
RATIONALE: Young men are at greater risk from work trauma because they are
traditionally the ones working with farm and heavy machinery.
Which statement by a patient on dialysis, taking gentamicin (Garamycin), should
cause the nurse the most concern?
"I have a horrible headache."
"I've had diarrhea once or twice today."
"I'm thirsty. I can't get enough water."
"Speak up! I can't hear you." - correct-answer -"Speak up! I can't hear you."
, 2
RATIONALE: Garamycin is ototoxic. Indication of hearing impairment suggests drug
toxicity.
A home health patient diagnosed with cystitis has been prescribed the medication
phenazopyridine (Pyridium). When providing patient teaching, what should the
nurse caution the patient about?
Skin rash
Nausea
Staying out of the heat
Staining of clothing - correct-answer -Staining of clothing
RATIONALE: Pyridium causes the urine to be a bright orange color, which can stain
clothing.
What should nursing care focus on when caring for a patient with a ureteral
catheter in place after the removal of a kidney stone?
Including ureteral output with the bladder output
Early ambulation
Assessing for patency
Irrigating the catheter regularly - correct-answer -Assessing for patency
, 3
RATIONALE: Patency of the ureteral catheter is essential to prevent injury to the
kidney. The patient is on bed rest until the ureteral catheter is removed. The
output from the ureteral catheter is measured and recorded separately, and
irrigation, if performed, is not done on a regular schedule and is not more than 5
mL.
A nurse is caring for a patient with an atrioventricular (AV) fistula in the forearm
and assesses that a trill is absent when palpating the venous side of the fistula.
What action should the nurse implement?
Send the patient to dialysis for remedy.
Apply warm compresses and lower the arm below the heart level.
Report to the charge nurse that the fistula is occluded.
Inject the ordered amount of heparin into the fistula. - correct-answer -Report to
the charge nurse that the fistula is occluded.
RATIONALE: If the trill is absent, the fistula is occluded and should be reported.
Dialysis is not possible with the occlusion. Injecting the shunt is not in the scope of
practice of the licensed practical nurse (LPN). Warm compresses are not helpful.
A patient who has cystitis has been told to drink at least 30 mL for each kilogram
of body weight. Her weight is 154 lb. How many mL/day should the nurse instruct
the patient to drink?
, 4
3100
2100
1500
2700 - correct-answer -2100
RATIONALE: 154 lb ÷ 2.2 lb/kg = 70 kg; 70 kg × 30 mL = 2100 mL.
Which outcome is most necessary for a patient diagnosed with renal calculi?
Patient will measure intake and output so that they will be approximately equal.
Patient is able to describe measures to prevent recurrence of calculi.
Patient states an awareness of signs and symptoms of kidney stones and knows
where to find pain relief.
Patient will avoid infections and situations that would increase stress. - correct-
answer -Patient is able to describe measures to prevent recurrence of calculi.
RATIONALE: Recurrence of renal calculi is common. The patient needs to possess
the information necessary to understand the formation of stones to reduce the
risk of their recurrence.
Why are patients diagnosed with chronic renal failure and on dialysis prone to
injury?
