ANATOMY OF OROFACIAL STRUCTURES 8TH
EDITION 11/26/2025
Complete test bank_
Anatomy of Orofacial structures 8th edition
(Brand, isselhard) All chapters 1-36 Latest 2025 (Q&A) complete A+ Guide
T T
E E
S S
T T
B B
A A
N N
K K
,ANATOMY OF OROFACIAL STRUCTURES 8TH EDITION 11/26/2025
Chapter 01: Oral Cavity .................................................................................................................................... 3
Chapter 02: The Tooth: Functions and Terms.............................................................................................. 16
Chapter 03: Fundamental and Preventive Curvatures ................................................................................ 29
Chapter 04: Dentition....................................................................................................................................... 38
Chapter 05: Development, Form, and Eruption ........................................................................................... 47
Chapter 06: Occlusion ...................................................................................................................................... 56
Chapter 07: Dental Anomalies......................................................................................................................... 67
Chapter 08: Supporting Structures................................................................................................................. 75
Chapter 09: Clinical Considerations ............................................................................................................... 86
Chapter 10: Tooth Identification ..................................................................................................................... 96
Chapter 11: Root Morphology........................................................................................................................... 106
Chapter 12: Incisors ....................................................................................................................................... 117
Chapter 13: Canines ....................................................................................................................................... 126
Chapter 14: Premolars ................................................................................................................................... 136
Chapter 15: Molars ........................................................................................................................................ 148
Chapter 16: Deciduous Dentition .................................................................................................................. 162
Chapter 17: Basic Tissues .............................................................................................................................. 172
Chapter 18: Development of Orofacial Complex ........................................................................................ 183
Chapter 19: Dental Lamina and Enamel Organ ......................................................................................... 194
Chapter 20: Enamel, Dentin, and Pulp ......................................................................................................... 204
Chapter 21: Root Formation and Attachment Apparatus ......................................................................... 215
Chapter 22: Eruption and Shedding of Teeth .............................................................................................. 227
Chapter 23: Oral Mucous Membrane........................................................................................................... 237
Chapter 24: The Tongue ................................................................................................................................ 247
Chapter 25: Histology of the Salivary Glands .............................................................................................. 257
Chapter 26: Osteology of the Skull ............................................................................................................... 266
Chapter 27: Nose, Nasal Cavity, and Paranasal Sinuses ............................................................................ 277
Chapter 28: Muscles of Mastication, Hyoid Muscles, and Sternocleidomastoid and Trapezius Muscles
......................................................................................................................................................................... 286
Chapter 29: Temporomandibular Joint ....................................................................................................... 296
Chapter 30: Muscles of Facial Expression .................................................................................................... 305
Chapter 31: Soft Palate and Pharynx ........................................................................................................... 314
Chapter 32: Arterial Supply and Venous Drainage.................................................................................... 324
Chapter 33: Salivary Glands ......................................................................................................................... 333
Chapter 34: Nervous System ......................................................................................................................... 342
Chapter 35: Lymphatics and Spread of Dental Infection .......................................................................... 353
Chapter 36: Anatomical Considerations of Local Anesthesia ................................................................... 362
,ANATOMY OF OROFACIAL STRUCTURES 8TH EDITION 11/26/2025
Chapter 01: Oral Cavity
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A diastema is a space between two teeth in the same arch. When this occurs between the
maxillary central incisors, it is often the result of a pronounced labial frenum.
a. Both statements are true.
b. The first statement is true; the second statement is false.
c. The first statement is false; the second statement is true.
d. Both statements are false.
ANS: A
A space, or lack of contact area, between any two teeth in the same arch is called a diastema.
When a diastema occurs between the maxillary central incisors, it is often the result of a
pronounced labial frenum extending to the crest of the alveolar ridge and possibly over the
ridge. This band of firm connective tissue causes the erupting incisors to be pushed aside
resulting in a diastema, or space. Correction of a diastema usually involves surgical removal,
or cutting, of the frenal tissue between teeth.
REF: p. 3
OBJ: To describe the boundaries and sub-boundaries of the oral cavity and the structures in each area
NAT: CDA: GC I.A.6. Identify basic oral anatomy and physiology, including but not limited to: oral
cavity. TOP: BLOOM: Remembering
2. Torus palatinus is seen on the
a. soft palate
b. hard palate
c. alveolar ridge
d. oral pharynx
ANS: B
Torus palatinus is excess bone growth and occurs in the midline of the hard palate. It may
grow to varying sizes and is generally only a problem when the construction of a maxillary
denture is necessary. In health, such bony protuberances, or excess bone growths, do not
occur on the soft palate, alveolar ridge, or oral pharynx.
REF: p. 5
OBJ: To define the terms vestibule, oral cavity proper, mucobuccal fold, frenum, alveolar mucosa,
gingiva, exostoses, torus palatinus, and torus mandibularis
NAT: CDA: GC I.A.2. Identify basic oral anatomy and physiology, including but not limited to:
bones. TOP: BLOOM: Remembering
3. Contraction of which muscle raises the tongue upward?
a. Mylohyoid
b. Palatopharyngeal
c. Palatoglossal
d. Levator glossal
ANS: A
, ANATOMY OF OROFACIAL STRUCTURES 8TH EDITION 11/26/2025
Contraction of the mylohyoid muscle raises the tongue. The palatopharyngeal muscle and the
palatoglossal muscle form the posterolateral borders of the oral cavity. There is not a muscle
by the name of levator glossal.
REF: p. 7
OBJ: To define the landmarks in the floor of the mouth and the hard and soft palate and the structures
that form them
NAT: CDA: GC I.A.4. Identify basic oral anatomy and physiology, including but not limited to:
muscles. TOP: BLOOM: Remembering
4. The oral vestibule is partially bordered by the lips and cheeks. The oral cavity proper extends
posteriorly to the soft palate.
a. Both statements are true.
b. The first statement is true; the second statement is false.
c. The first statement is false; the second statement is true.
d. Both statements are false.
ANS: B
The oral vestibule is the space or potential space that exists between the lips or cheeks and
teeth. In an edentulous person, the vestibule would extend between the lips or cheeks and the
alveolar ridges. The oral cavity proper is surrounded by teeth or alveolar ridges and extends
all the way back to the palatine tonsils. This includes the region from the floor of the mouth
upward to the hard and soft palates.
REF: p. 2
OBJ: To describe the boundaries and sub-boundaries of the oral cavity and the structures in each area
NAT: CDA: GC I.A.6. IdentifyNbasR Ir alNaGnato
cavity. TOP: Uic oS
BLOOM: Remembering T Bm.y CandMphysiology, including but not limited to: oral
5. Each of the following is true of the uvula EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?
a. It is located at the most posterior portion of the hard palate.
b. It is located at the midline.
c. It is a downwardly projecting muscle.
d. It is necessary for swallowing.
ANS: D
The uvula is a downwardly projecting muscular tissue located at the midline of the most
posterior portion of the hard palate. It is NOT necessary for swallowing.
REF: p. 6
OBJ: To define the landmarks in the floor of the mouth and the hard and soft palate and the structures
that form them
NAT: CDA: GC I.A.6. Identify basic oral anatomy and physiology, including but not limited to: oral
cavity. TOP: BLOOM: Remembering
6. The circumvallate papillae are located on the hard palate, buccal mucosa, and floor of the
mouth. The papillae found on the tongue are the filiform, fungiform, vallate, foliate, and
incisive.
a. Both statements are true.
b. The first statement is true; the second statement is false.
c. The first statement is false; the second statement is true.
EDITION 11/26/2025
Complete test bank_
Anatomy of Orofacial structures 8th edition
(Brand, isselhard) All chapters 1-36 Latest 2025 (Q&A) complete A+ Guide
T T
E E
S S
T T
B B
A A
N N
K K
,ANATOMY OF OROFACIAL STRUCTURES 8TH EDITION 11/26/2025
Chapter 01: Oral Cavity .................................................................................................................................... 3
Chapter 02: The Tooth: Functions and Terms.............................................................................................. 16
Chapter 03: Fundamental and Preventive Curvatures ................................................................................ 29
Chapter 04: Dentition....................................................................................................................................... 38
Chapter 05: Development, Form, and Eruption ........................................................................................... 47
Chapter 06: Occlusion ...................................................................................................................................... 56
Chapter 07: Dental Anomalies......................................................................................................................... 67
Chapter 08: Supporting Structures................................................................................................................. 75
Chapter 09: Clinical Considerations ............................................................................................................... 86
Chapter 10: Tooth Identification ..................................................................................................................... 96
Chapter 11: Root Morphology........................................................................................................................... 106
Chapter 12: Incisors ....................................................................................................................................... 117
Chapter 13: Canines ....................................................................................................................................... 126
Chapter 14: Premolars ................................................................................................................................... 136
Chapter 15: Molars ........................................................................................................................................ 148
Chapter 16: Deciduous Dentition .................................................................................................................. 162
Chapter 17: Basic Tissues .............................................................................................................................. 172
Chapter 18: Development of Orofacial Complex ........................................................................................ 183
Chapter 19: Dental Lamina and Enamel Organ ......................................................................................... 194
Chapter 20: Enamel, Dentin, and Pulp ......................................................................................................... 204
Chapter 21: Root Formation and Attachment Apparatus ......................................................................... 215
Chapter 22: Eruption and Shedding of Teeth .............................................................................................. 227
Chapter 23: Oral Mucous Membrane........................................................................................................... 237
Chapter 24: The Tongue ................................................................................................................................ 247
Chapter 25: Histology of the Salivary Glands .............................................................................................. 257
Chapter 26: Osteology of the Skull ............................................................................................................... 266
Chapter 27: Nose, Nasal Cavity, and Paranasal Sinuses ............................................................................ 277
Chapter 28: Muscles of Mastication, Hyoid Muscles, and Sternocleidomastoid and Trapezius Muscles
......................................................................................................................................................................... 286
Chapter 29: Temporomandibular Joint ....................................................................................................... 296
Chapter 30: Muscles of Facial Expression .................................................................................................... 305
Chapter 31: Soft Palate and Pharynx ........................................................................................................... 314
Chapter 32: Arterial Supply and Venous Drainage.................................................................................... 324
Chapter 33: Salivary Glands ......................................................................................................................... 333
Chapter 34: Nervous System ......................................................................................................................... 342
Chapter 35: Lymphatics and Spread of Dental Infection .......................................................................... 353
Chapter 36: Anatomical Considerations of Local Anesthesia ................................................................... 362
,ANATOMY OF OROFACIAL STRUCTURES 8TH EDITION 11/26/2025
Chapter 01: Oral Cavity
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A diastema is a space between two teeth in the same arch. When this occurs between the
maxillary central incisors, it is often the result of a pronounced labial frenum.
a. Both statements are true.
b. The first statement is true; the second statement is false.
c. The first statement is false; the second statement is true.
d. Both statements are false.
ANS: A
A space, or lack of contact area, between any two teeth in the same arch is called a diastema.
When a diastema occurs between the maxillary central incisors, it is often the result of a
pronounced labial frenum extending to the crest of the alveolar ridge and possibly over the
ridge. This band of firm connective tissue causes the erupting incisors to be pushed aside
resulting in a diastema, or space. Correction of a diastema usually involves surgical removal,
or cutting, of the frenal tissue between teeth.
REF: p. 3
OBJ: To describe the boundaries and sub-boundaries of the oral cavity and the structures in each area
NAT: CDA: GC I.A.6. Identify basic oral anatomy and physiology, including but not limited to: oral
cavity. TOP: BLOOM: Remembering
2. Torus palatinus is seen on the
a. soft palate
b. hard palate
c. alveolar ridge
d. oral pharynx
ANS: B
Torus palatinus is excess bone growth and occurs in the midline of the hard palate. It may
grow to varying sizes and is generally only a problem when the construction of a maxillary
denture is necessary. In health, such bony protuberances, or excess bone growths, do not
occur on the soft palate, alveolar ridge, or oral pharynx.
REF: p. 5
OBJ: To define the terms vestibule, oral cavity proper, mucobuccal fold, frenum, alveolar mucosa,
gingiva, exostoses, torus palatinus, and torus mandibularis
NAT: CDA: GC I.A.2. Identify basic oral anatomy and physiology, including but not limited to:
bones. TOP: BLOOM: Remembering
3. Contraction of which muscle raises the tongue upward?
a. Mylohyoid
b. Palatopharyngeal
c. Palatoglossal
d. Levator glossal
ANS: A
, ANATOMY OF OROFACIAL STRUCTURES 8TH EDITION 11/26/2025
Contraction of the mylohyoid muscle raises the tongue. The palatopharyngeal muscle and the
palatoglossal muscle form the posterolateral borders of the oral cavity. There is not a muscle
by the name of levator glossal.
REF: p. 7
OBJ: To define the landmarks in the floor of the mouth and the hard and soft palate and the structures
that form them
NAT: CDA: GC I.A.4. Identify basic oral anatomy and physiology, including but not limited to:
muscles. TOP: BLOOM: Remembering
4. The oral vestibule is partially bordered by the lips and cheeks. The oral cavity proper extends
posteriorly to the soft palate.
a. Both statements are true.
b. The first statement is true; the second statement is false.
c. The first statement is false; the second statement is true.
d. Both statements are false.
ANS: B
The oral vestibule is the space or potential space that exists between the lips or cheeks and
teeth. In an edentulous person, the vestibule would extend between the lips or cheeks and the
alveolar ridges. The oral cavity proper is surrounded by teeth or alveolar ridges and extends
all the way back to the palatine tonsils. This includes the region from the floor of the mouth
upward to the hard and soft palates.
REF: p. 2
OBJ: To describe the boundaries and sub-boundaries of the oral cavity and the structures in each area
NAT: CDA: GC I.A.6. IdentifyNbasR Ir alNaGnato
cavity. TOP: Uic oS
BLOOM: Remembering T Bm.y CandMphysiology, including but not limited to: oral
5. Each of the following is true of the uvula EXCEPT one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?
a. It is located at the most posterior portion of the hard palate.
b. It is located at the midline.
c. It is a downwardly projecting muscle.
d. It is necessary for swallowing.
ANS: D
The uvula is a downwardly projecting muscular tissue located at the midline of the most
posterior portion of the hard palate. It is NOT necessary for swallowing.
REF: p. 6
OBJ: To define the landmarks in the floor of the mouth and the hard and soft palate and the structures
that form them
NAT: CDA: GC I.A.6. Identify basic oral anatomy and physiology, including but not limited to: oral
cavity. TOP: BLOOM: Remembering
6. The circumvallate papillae are located on the hard palate, buccal mucosa, and floor of the
mouth. The papillae found on the tongue are the filiform, fungiform, vallate, foliate, and
incisive.
a. Both statements are true.
b. The first statement is true; the second statement is false.
c. The first statement is false; the second statement is true.
