NR565 PHARMACOLOGY FINAL LATEST
EXAM 2025 – 2026 WITH ORGANIZED
QUESTIONS ,FULLY SOLVED EXPERT
VERIFIED STEP BY STEP AND REVIEW
GUIDE ALREADY GRADED A+ AND 100%
GUARANTEE PASS (LATEST EDITION!!!!!!)
Graves Disease - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Most common cause of
excessive thyroid hormone secretion
What adjunctive therapy is good to prescribe to control
symptoms of hyperthyroidism other than thyroid specific
medications? - THE CORRECT ANSWER-β-Blockers and nonradioactive
iodine may be used as adjunctive therapy.
β-Blockers suppress tachycardia by blocking β-receptors on the
heart.
Nonradioactive iodine inhibits synthesis and release of thyroid
hormones.
Monitoring needs and intervals for Levothyroxine - THE CORRECT
ANSWER-Check TSH 6-8 weeks after initiating therapy and after
any dosage change.
Check TSH at least once a year after serum TSH is stabilized.
,Hyperthyroid Treatment - THE CORRECT ANSWER-thionamide
drugs—methimazole and propylthiouracil (PTU)—suppress
synthesis of thyroid hormones.
Methimazole Therapeutic Goal - THE CORRECT ANSWER-(1) reduction
of thyroid hormone production in Graves' disease, (2) control of
hyperthyroidism until the effects of radiation on the thyroid
become manifest, (3) suppression of thyroid hormone
production before subtotal thyroidectomy, (4) treatment of
thyrotoxic crisis.
Monitoring needs and intervals for Methimazole - THE CORRECT
ANSWER-Check CBC with differential if signs or symptoms of
infection. Check LFTs if signs or symptoms of liver dysfunction.
High Risk Patients for Methimazole - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Should
be avoided in the first trimester of pregnancy.
Methimazole Toxicity - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Agranulocytosis is the
most dangerous toxicity.
PTU High Risk Warning - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Carries a risk for
liver toxicity. Although rare, the FDA recommends against
using as a first-line treatment due to potential for hepatic
toxicity.
Effects of maternal hypothyroidism on offspring and
appropriate patient teaching related to need for treatment. - THE
CORRECT ANSWER-Can cause delay in mental development and
derangement of growth. In the absence of thyroid hormones,
,the child develops a large and protruding tongue, potbelly, and
dwarfish stature. Development of the nervous system, bones,
teeth, and muscles is impaired.
Congenital Hypothyroidism Treatment - THE CORRECT ANSWER-
requires replacement therapy with thyroid hormones. If
treatment is initiated within a few days of birth, physical and
mental development will be normal.
replacement therapy should continue for 3 years, after which it
should be stopped for 4 weeks to determine whether thyroid
deficiency is permanent or transient.
Patient Teaching for Methimazole - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Tell your
healthcare providers that you are taking this drug.
Check blood work as directed.
Taking this drug may cause harm to the unborn baby if you are
pregnant, especially in the first trimester.
If you are pregnant or become pregnant while taking this drug,
call your healthcare provider right away.
Tell your healthcare provider if you are breast-feeding to
discuss risks to the baby.
Have your baby's thyroid checked if you are using this drug and
breast-feeding.
Agranulocytosis is the most dangerous toxicity risk for this
medication but is very rare. Sore throat and fever should be
reported immediately.
, Patient Teaching for Levothyroxine - THE CORRECT ANSWER-works
best if you take it on an empty stomach, 30 to 60 minutes
before breakfast.
take the medicine at the same time each day.
Ideal HbA1C goal for diabetic, non-pregnant adults - THE CORRECT
ANSWER-less than 7%.
HbA1C 8% - THE CORRECT ANSWER-history of severe hypoglycemia,
limited life expectancy, or advanced microvascular or
macrovascular complications
HBA1C Value considered diagnostic of diabetes. - THE CORRECT
ANSWER-a value of 6.5% or greater
HbA1C Measuring Interval - THE CORRECT ANSWER-every 3 months
until value is <7%; every 6 months thereafter
HbA1C Goal for Older Adults - THE CORRECT ANSWER-<7.5% [58
mmol/mol]), while those with multiple coexisting chronic
illnesses, cognitive impairment, or functional dependence
should have less stringent glycemic goals (such as A1C <8.0-
8.5% [64-69 mmol/mol]).
Criteria for the Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus - THE CORRECT
ANSWER--Fasting plasma glucose ≥126 mg/dL
-Random plasma glucose ≥ 200 mg/dL plus symptoms of
diabetes
EXAM 2025 – 2026 WITH ORGANIZED
QUESTIONS ,FULLY SOLVED EXPERT
VERIFIED STEP BY STEP AND REVIEW
GUIDE ALREADY GRADED A+ AND 100%
GUARANTEE PASS (LATEST EDITION!!!!!!)
Graves Disease - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Most common cause of
excessive thyroid hormone secretion
What adjunctive therapy is good to prescribe to control
symptoms of hyperthyroidism other than thyroid specific
medications? - THE CORRECT ANSWER-β-Blockers and nonradioactive
iodine may be used as adjunctive therapy.
β-Blockers suppress tachycardia by blocking β-receptors on the
heart.
Nonradioactive iodine inhibits synthesis and release of thyroid
hormones.
Monitoring needs and intervals for Levothyroxine - THE CORRECT
ANSWER-Check TSH 6-8 weeks after initiating therapy and after
any dosage change.
Check TSH at least once a year after serum TSH is stabilized.
,Hyperthyroid Treatment - THE CORRECT ANSWER-thionamide
drugs—methimazole and propylthiouracil (PTU)—suppress
synthesis of thyroid hormones.
Methimazole Therapeutic Goal - THE CORRECT ANSWER-(1) reduction
of thyroid hormone production in Graves' disease, (2) control of
hyperthyroidism until the effects of radiation on the thyroid
become manifest, (3) suppression of thyroid hormone
production before subtotal thyroidectomy, (4) treatment of
thyrotoxic crisis.
Monitoring needs and intervals for Methimazole - THE CORRECT
ANSWER-Check CBC with differential if signs or symptoms of
infection. Check LFTs if signs or symptoms of liver dysfunction.
High Risk Patients for Methimazole - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Should
be avoided in the first trimester of pregnancy.
Methimazole Toxicity - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Agranulocytosis is the
most dangerous toxicity.
PTU High Risk Warning - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Carries a risk for
liver toxicity. Although rare, the FDA recommends against
using as a first-line treatment due to potential for hepatic
toxicity.
Effects of maternal hypothyroidism on offspring and
appropriate patient teaching related to need for treatment. - THE
CORRECT ANSWER-Can cause delay in mental development and
derangement of growth. In the absence of thyroid hormones,
,the child develops a large and protruding tongue, potbelly, and
dwarfish stature. Development of the nervous system, bones,
teeth, and muscles is impaired.
Congenital Hypothyroidism Treatment - THE CORRECT ANSWER-
requires replacement therapy with thyroid hormones. If
treatment is initiated within a few days of birth, physical and
mental development will be normal.
replacement therapy should continue for 3 years, after which it
should be stopped for 4 weeks to determine whether thyroid
deficiency is permanent or transient.
Patient Teaching for Methimazole - THE CORRECT ANSWER-Tell your
healthcare providers that you are taking this drug.
Check blood work as directed.
Taking this drug may cause harm to the unborn baby if you are
pregnant, especially in the first trimester.
If you are pregnant or become pregnant while taking this drug,
call your healthcare provider right away.
Tell your healthcare provider if you are breast-feeding to
discuss risks to the baby.
Have your baby's thyroid checked if you are using this drug and
breast-feeding.
Agranulocytosis is the most dangerous toxicity risk for this
medication but is very rare. Sore throat and fever should be
reported immediately.
, Patient Teaching for Levothyroxine - THE CORRECT ANSWER-works
best if you take it on an empty stomach, 30 to 60 minutes
before breakfast.
take the medicine at the same time each day.
Ideal HbA1C goal for diabetic, non-pregnant adults - THE CORRECT
ANSWER-less than 7%.
HbA1C 8% - THE CORRECT ANSWER-history of severe hypoglycemia,
limited life expectancy, or advanced microvascular or
macrovascular complications
HBA1C Value considered diagnostic of diabetes. - THE CORRECT
ANSWER-a value of 6.5% or greater
HbA1C Measuring Interval - THE CORRECT ANSWER-every 3 months
until value is <7%; every 6 months thereafter
HbA1C Goal for Older Adults - THE CORRECT ANSWER-<7.5% [58
mmol/mol]), while those with multiple coexisting chronic
illnesses, cognitive impairment, or functional dependence
should have less stringent glycemic goals (such as A1C <8.0-
8.5% [64-69 mmol/mol]).
Criteria for the Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus - THE CORRECT
ANSWER--Fasting plasma glucose ≥126 mg/dL
-Random plasma glucose ≥ 200 mg/dL plus symptoms of
diabetes
