ATLAS AIR STUDY GUIDE 2025 WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTION
V1 - correct answer-
means the maximum speed in the takeoff at which the pilot must take the first action (e.g., apply brakes,
reduce thrust, deploy speed brakes) to stop the airplane within the accelerate-
stop distance. V1 also means the minimum speed in the takeoff, following a failure of the critical engine
at VEF, at which the pilot can continue the takeoff and achieve the required height above the takeoff sur
face within the takeoff distance
Selecting a suitable V1 for a given set of conditions is a matter of comparing ASDR (Accelerate Stop Dista
nce Required) with TODR (Takeoff Distance Required). The point where ASDR and TODR intersect is kno
wn as the BFL (Balanced Field Length)
Vr - correct answer-means rotation speed
V2 - correct answer-means takeoff safety speed
VMCG -Kcorrect answer-
the minimum speed on the ground, that directional control can be maintained, using only aerodynamic
controls, with one engine inoperative (critical engine on two engine airplanes) and takeoff power applie
d in the other engine(s). VMCG must be less than V1 (this assures that the aircraft is controllable on the
ground in the event of an engine failure at V1 and up to Vr)
VMCA - correct answer-
the minimum speed, in the air, that directional control can be maintained with one engine inoperative (c
ritical engine on two engine airplanes), operating engines(s) at Takeoff Power and a maximum of 5o of b
ank toward the good engine(s)
Icing conditions - correct answer-icing conditions exists in-
flight at a TAT of 10oC or below, and visible moisture in any form is encountered (such as clouds, rain, sn
ow, sleet or ice crystals), except when the SAT is -40oCKor below
Wet runway - correct answer-
a runway is considered to be wet when there is sufficient moisture on the runway surface to cause it to
appear reflective butKwithout significant areas of standing water. (OM section 6-Performance)
, Contaminated -
a runway is contaminated when more than 25% of the runway, within the required length and width to
be used, isKcovered by more than ⅛Kinch (3 mm) of standing water, slush or loose snow
SLOP -Kcorrect answer-Strategic Lateral Offset Procedure. En-
route Oceanic or remote continental airspace. No clearance required. Reduces collision hazard of aircraft
flying the precise centerline of airway. Both from opposite direction traffic as well as deviating same dir
ection traffic. Three random choices: centerline, 1-nm right, 2-
nm right. Applied at track entry point until prior to oceanic exit point.
Stabilized approach - correct answer-
the aircraft must be in an approved landing configuration no lower than 1,000 ft. above TDZE in IMC and
VMC, except when conducting a circling approach. Approaches must be stabilized by 1,000 ft. above TD
ZE in IMC and 500 ft. above TDZE in VMC.
Stabilized is defined as on speed, final configuration, with engines spooled. More than momentary devia
tions outside of +10 or -
5 kts., more than one dot glide slope deviations, or vertical speeds in excess of 1000 fpm (unless briefed)
constitutes instability
Minimum fuel - correct answer-
when any undue delay will result in landing at the destination (or alternate if required) with lessKthan th
e planned reserve fuel listed on the Dispatch Release. Not an emergency, just an advisory that an emerg
ency situation is possible should an undue delay occur
Emergency fuel - correct answer-less than 30 minutes of fuel remaining
(WAG - reserve x .67) ICAO "Mayday, Mayday, Mayday, Fuel"
Lost comm - correct answer-squawk 7600
VFR conditions -
if the failure occurs in VFR conditions, or if VFR conditions are encountered after the failure, continue V
FR and land as soon as practicable
IFR conditions -
SOLUTION
V1 - correct answer-
means the maximum speed in the takeoff at which the pilot must take the first action (e.g., apply brakes,
reduce thrust, deploy speed brakes) to stop the airplane within the accelerate-
stop distance. V1 also means the minimum speed in the takeoff, following a failure of the critical engine
at VEF, at which the pilot can continue the takeoff and achieve the required height above the takeoff sur
face within the takeoff distance
Selecting a suitable V1 for a given set of conditions is a matter of comparing ASDR (Accelerate Stop Dista
nce Required) with TODR (Takeoff Distance Required). The point where ASDR and TODR intersect is kno
wn as the BFL (Balanced Field Length)
Vr - correct answer-means rotation speed
V2 - correct answer-means takeoff safety speed
VMCG -Kcorrect answer-
the minimum speed on the ground, that directional control can be maintained, using only aerodynamic
controls, with one engine inoperative (critical engine on two engine airplanes) and takeoff power applie
d in the other engine(s). VMCG must be less than V1 (this assures that the aircraft is controllable on the
ground in the event of an engine failure at V1 and up to Vr)
VMCA - correct answer-
the minimum speed, in the air, that directional control can be maintained with one engine inoperative (c
ritical engine on two engine airplanes), operating engines(s) at Takeoff Power and a maximum of 5o of b
ank toward the good engine(s)
Icing conditions - correct answer-icing conditions exists in-
flight at a TAT of 10oC or below, and visible moisture in any form is encountered (such as clouds, rain, sn
ow, sleet or ice crystals), except when the SAT is -40oCKor below
Wet runway - correct answer-
a runway is considered to be wet when there is sufficient moisture on the runway surface to cause it to
appear reflective butKwithout significant areas of standing water. (OM section 6-Performance)
, Contaminated -
a runway is contaminated when more than 25% of the runway, within the required length and width to
be used, isKcovered by more than ⅛Kinch (3 mm) of standing water, slush or loose snow
SLOP -Kcorrect answer-Strategic Lateral Offset Procedure. En-
route Oceanic or remote continental airspace. No clearance required. Reduces collision hazard of aircraft
flying the precise centerline of airway. Both from opposite direction traffic as well as deviating same dir
ection traffic. Three random choices: centerline, 1-nm right, 2-
nm right. Applied at track entry point until prior to oceanic exit point.
Stabilized approach - correct answer-
the aircraft must be in an approved landing configuration no lower than 1,000 ft. above TDZE in IMC and
VMC, except when conducting a circling approach. Approaches must be stabilized by 1,000 ft. above TD
ZE in IMC and 500 ft. above TDZE in VMC.
Stabilized is defined as on speed, final configuration, with engines spooled. More than momentary devia
tions outside of +10 or -
5 kts., more than one dot glide slope deviations, or vertical speeds in excess of 1000 fpm (unless briefed)
constitutes instability
Minimum fuel - correct answer-
when any undue delay will result in landing at the destination (or alternate if required) with lessKthan th
e planned reserve fuel listed on the Dispatch Release. Not an emergency, just an advisory that an emerg
ency situation is possible should an undue delay occur
Emergency fuel - correct answer-less than 30 minutes of fuel remaining
(WAG - reserve x .67) ICAO "Mayday, Mayday, Mayday, Fuel"
Lost comm - correct answer-squawk 7600
VFR conditions -
if the failure occurs in VFR conditions, or if VFR conditions are encountered after the failure, continue V
FR and land as soon as practicable
IFR conditions -
