CAMPBELL BIOLOGY CHAPTER 36 EXAM QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST UPDATED 2025/2026
BEST RATED A+ FOR SUCCESS
Osmosis - CORRECT ANSWERS net absorption or loss of water by a cell; diffusion of
water
water potential - CORRECT ANSWERS the physical property predicting the direction in
which water will flow, governed by solute concentration and applied pressure. Free water
moves from regions of higher water potential to regions of lower water potential.
flaccid cell - CORRECT ANSWERS cell that lack water; is soft; causes plants to droop;
closed stoma. If placed in higher solute concentration will undergo plasmolysis.
plasmolysis - CORRECT ANSWERS when a cell is in a hypertonic environment, the cell
will lose water to its surroundings, shrink, and its plasma membrane will pull away from the
wall
turgid - CORRECT ANSWERS Swollen or distended, as in plant cells. (A walled cell
becomes turgid if it has a greater solute concentration than its surroundings, resulting in entry
of water.)
wilting - CORRECT ANSWERS The drooping of leaves and stems as a result of plant cells
becoming flaccid.
aquaporins - CORRECT ANSWERS a transport protein in the plasma membrane of a
plant or animal cell that specifically facilitates the diffusion of water across the membrane
3 major pathways of transport - CORRECT ANSWERS apoplastic, symplastic and
transmembrane.
, CAMPBELL BIOLOGY CHAPTER 36 EXAM QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST UPDATED 2025/2026
BEST RATED A+ FOR SUCCESS
apoplast - CORRECT ANSWERS The continuum formed by cell walls, extracellular
spaces, and the dead interiors of tracheids and vessels
symplast - CORRECT ANSWERS the continuum of cytoplasm connected by
plasmodesmata between cells.
Apoplastic route - CORRECT ANSWERS water and solutes, dissolved chemicals, moves
along the continuum of a cell wall and extracellular spaces
Symplastic route - CORRECT ANSWERS path of least resistance: travel through cytosol
by way of plasmodesmata. Requires only one crossing of a plasma membrane.
Transmembrane route - CORRECT ANSWERS water and solutes move out of one cell,
across the cell wall and into the neighboring cell, requires repeated crossings on plasma
membranes as substances exit one cell and enter the next
bulk flow - CORRECT ANSWERS The movement of a fluid due to a difference in pressure
between two locations. Used for long distance transport through xylem and phloem.
endodermis - CORRECT ANSWERS The innermost layer of the cortex in plant roots; a
cylinder one cell thick that forms the boundary between the cortex and the vascular cylinder.
Functions as a last checkpoint for the selective passage of minerals from the cortex into the
vascular tissue.
Casparian strip - CORRECT ANSWERS A water-impermeable ring of wax in the
endodermal cells of plants that blocks the passive flow of water and solutes into the stele by
way of cell walls. It forces water and minerals moving through apoplast to cross the plasma
membrane of an endodermal cell and enter the stele via the symplast.
AND CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST UPDATED 2025/2026
BEST RATED A+ FOR SUCCESS
Osmosis - CORRECT ANSWERS net absorption or loss of water by a cell; diffusion of
water
water potential - CORRECT ANSWERS the physical property predicting the direction in
which water will flow, governed by solute concentration and applied pressure. Free water
moves from regions of higher water potential to regions of lower water potential.
flaccid cell - CORRECT ANSWERS cell that lack water; is soft; causes plants to droop;
closed stoma. If placed in higher solute concentration will undergo plasmolysis.
plasmolysis - CORRECT ANSWERS when a cell is in a hypertonic environment, the cell
will lose water to its surroundings, shrink, and its plasma membrane will pull away from the
wall
turgid - CORRECT ANSWERS Swollen or distended, as in plant cells. (A walled cell
becomes turgid if it has a greater solute concentration than its surroundings, resulting in entry
of water.)
wilting - CORRECT ANSWERS The drooping of leaves and stems as a result of plant cells
becoming flaccid.
aquaporins - CORRECT ANSWERS a transport protein in the plasma membrane of a
plant or animal cell that specifically facilitates the diffusion of water across the membrane
3 major pathways of transport - CORRECT ANSWERS apoplastic, symplastic and
transmembrane.
, CAMPBELL BIOLOGY CHAPTER 36 EXAM QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS LATEST UPDATED 2025/2026
BEST RATED A+ FOR SUCCESS
apoplast - CORRECT ANSWERS The continuum formed by cell walls, extracellular
spaces, and the dead interiors of tracheids and vessels
symplast - CORRECT ANSWERS the continuum of cytoplasm connected by
plasmodesmata between cells.
Apoplastic route - CORRECT ANSWERS water and solutes, dissolved chemicals, moves
along the continuum of a cell wall and extracellular spaces
Symplastic route - CORRECT ANSWERS path of least resistance: travel through cytosol
by way of plasmodesmata. Requires only one crossing of a plasma membrane.
Transmembrane route - CORRECT ANSWERS water and solutes move out of one cell,
across the cell wall and into the neighboring cell, requires repeated crossings on plasma
membranes as substances exit one cell and enter the next
bulk flow - CORRECT ANSWERS The movement of a fluid due to a difference in pressure
between two locations. Used for long distance transport through xylem and phloem.
endodermis - CORRECT ANSWERS The innermost layer of the cortex in plant roots; a
cylinder one cell thick that forms the boundary between the cortex and the vascular cylinder.
Functions as a last checkpoint for the selective passage of minerals from the cortex into the
vascular tissue.
Casparian strip - CORRECT ANSWERS A water-impermeable ring of wax in the
endodermal cells of plants that blocks the passive flow of water and solutes into the stele by
way of cell walls. It forces water and minerals moving through apoplast to cross the plasma
membrane of an endodermal cell and enter the stele via the symplast.
