(MDC 1) Final Exam Review | Highly
Rated Quiz Bank with Verified
Questions and Answers | Rasmussen
College 2025/2026 Update
Question 1 First step of the nursing process Answer: Assessment Rationale: Must collect data
before any other step.
Question 2 Patient with SpO₂ 86% on room air – highest priority Answer: Apply oxygen /
airway & breathing Rationale: ABC priority – hypoxia is life-threatening.
Question 3 Task that cannot be delegated to UAP Answer: Initial assessment, teaching, IV
push meds Rationale: Requires nursing judgment/licensure.
Question 4 Therapeutic INR range for warfarin Answer: 2.0–3.0 Rationale: Balances
anticoagulation and bleeding risk.
Question 5 Platelets drop >50% while on heparin Answer: Stop heparin immediately – HIT
suspected Rationale: Potentially fatal complication.
Question 6 Classic triad of hypoglycemia symptoms Answer: Sweating, tachycardia,
shakiness Rationale: Adrenergic response to low glucose.
Question 7 Restraint order renewal frequency (non-violent) Answer: Every 4 hours Rationale:
CMS/Joint Commission requirement.
Question 8 Stage 3 pressure injury Answer: Full-thickness loss with visible subcutaneous fat
Rationale: Fat visible, but not muscle/bone.
Question 9 Braden score indicating very high risk Answer: ≤9 Rationale: Lower score = higher
risk.
Question 10 Minimum urine output per hour (adult) Answer: 30 mL/hr Rationale: <30 mL/hr =
oliguria → AKI risk.
Question 11 New colostomy – empty pouch when Answer: ⅓ to ½ full Rationale: Prevents
leakage and skin irritation.
, Question 12 Airborne precautions diseases Answer: TB, measles, varicella Rationale: Require
N95 + negative pressure room.
Question 13 C-diff hand hygiene Answer: Soap and water only Rationale: Alcohol does not
kill spores.
Question 14 Normal sodium range Answer: 135–145 mEq/L Rationale: Standard lab reference.
Question 15 First ECG change in hyperkalemia Answer: Peaked/tented T waves Rationale:
Earliest reliable sign.
Question 16 Emergency treatment for life-threatening hyperkalemia Answer: Calcium
gluconate → insulin + D50 → albuterol Rationale: Calcium stabilizes membrane; others shift
K⁺ inside cells.
Question 17 Patient missed breakfast insulin (type 1 DM) – risk for Answer: DKA Rationale:
Absolute insulin deficiency → ketosis.
Question 18 Hold metformin when Answer: GFR <30 or IV contrast procedure Rationale:
Risk of lactic acidosis.
Question 19 Incentive spirometer correct use Answer: Slow deep inhale, hold 3–5 sec, 10×
hourly Rationale: Prevents post-op atelectasis.
Question 20 Continuous bubbling in water seal chamber Answer: Air leak – notify provider
Rationale: Normal only in suction chamber.
Question 21 Acute hemolytic blood transfusion reaction – first action Answer: STOP
transfusion immediately Rationale: Prevents further antigen-antibody reaction.
Question 22 Patient post-op total hip – position to avoid Answer: Adduction & internal
rotation Rationale: Increases risk of hip dislocation.
Question 23 Patient with COPD target SpO₂ Answer: 88–92% Rationale: Higher levels suppress
hypoxic drive.
Question 24 Patient on PCA pump – who may press button Answer: Only the patient
Rationale: Prevents overdose.
Question 25 Best position for dyspnea Answer: High-Fowler’s Rationale: Maximizes lung
expansion.
Question 26 Patient with chest tube suddenly dyspneic – first action Answer: Check tubing for
kinks/clamps Rationale: Quick fixable cause.