,Chapter 01: Microbes Shape Our History
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MULTIPLE CHOICE
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1. Which of the following is NOT considered a benefit of microorganisms?
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a. nitrogen fixation f6 c. synthesis of vitamins f6 f6
b. production of fermented foods f6 d. causative agents of disease
f6 f6 f 6 f6 f6 f6
ANS: D f6 DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 f6
OBJ: 1.1a Describe how we define a microbe, and explain why the definition is a challenge.MS
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f 6 C: Reme
f6
mbering
2. A microbe that is 50 nm in size would most likely be
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
a. fungi.
f 6 c. virus.
b. E. coli.
f 6 f6 d. algae.
ANS: C f6 DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f 6 f6
e domains have in common and how they differ.
f6 f6 f6 f6 MSC: Applying f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
3. Based on the figure shown, the type of organism indicated with an arrow could be a
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
a. virus. c. macroscopic fungi. f6
b. bacteria. d. large ameba.
f 6 f6
ANS: B f6 DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 f6
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f 6 f6
e domains have in common and how they differ.
f6 f6 f6 f6 MSC: Applying f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
4. Based on the figure, the type of organism shown is a(n)
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
, a. virus. c. archaea.
b. bacteria. d. eukaryote.
f 6
ANS: D f6 DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 f6
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f 6 f6
e domains have in common and how they differ.
f6 f6 f6 MSC: Applying
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
5. Which of the following demonstrates correct scientific notation of a bacterial organism?
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
a. Staphylococcus Epidermidis c. Staphylococcus epidermidis
f6 f6
b. Staphylococcus epidermidis d. Staphylococcus Epidermidis
f6 f 6 f6
ANS: C f6 DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 f6
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f 6 f6
e domains have in common and how they differ.
f6 f6 f6 MSC: Applying
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
6. Which key characteristic differentiates a prokaryote from a eukaryote?
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
a. the absence of proteins
f6 f6 f6
b. the presence of DNA
f6 f6 f6
c. the absence of membrane-bound organelles
f6 f6 f6 f6
d. the presence of a cell wall
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
ANS: C f6 DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 f6
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f 6 f6
e domains have in common and how they differ.
f6 f6 f6 MSC: Remembering
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
7. Which of the following methods for classifying life forms can best be used to distinguish between twoc
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f 6 lose
ly related rod-shaped bacterial organisms, Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli?
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
a. physical characteristics f6 c. DNA sequence comparison f6 f6
b. method of reproduction f6 f6 d. environmental habitat f 6 f6
ANS: C f6 DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 f6
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f 6 f6
e domains have in common and how they differ.
f6 f6 f6 MSC: Applying
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
8. Which of the following is always classified as a eukaryote?
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
a. papillomavirus c. Escherichia coli f6
b. methanogen d. yeast
ANS: D f6 DIF: Moderate REF: f 6 1.1
, OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f 6 e thrf6
ee domains have in common and how they differ.
f6 f6 MSC: Understanding
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
9. Which of the following has been used as a tool for gene therapy?
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
a. viruses c. protozoa
b. archaea d. fungi f 6
ANS: A f 6 DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 f6
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f 6 f6
e domains have in common and how they differ.
f6 f6 f6MSC: Understanding
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
10. Which of the following would you not expect to find in the human digestive tract?
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
a. archaea c. bacteria
b. algae d. intestinal viruses f 6 f6
ANS: B f6 DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 f6
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f 6 e thrf6
ee domains have in common and how they differ.
f6 f6 MSC: Understanding
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
11. Antibiotics are chemotherapeutic drugs that function by inhibiting an important cellular structure or p rocess of a
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f 6 f6 f6
n organism that is causing an infection. Which of the following would not be affected byan antibiotic that targe
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
ts cellular metabolic enzymes?
f6 f6 f6
a. Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria c. ameba f6 f6
b. Herpes virus f6 d. bread mold f 6 f6
ANS: B f6 DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 f6
OBJ: 1.1c Define viruses, and explain how they relate to living cells.MS C: Anal
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f 6 f6
yzing
12. Which scientist is credited with constructing the first microscope?
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
a. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
f 6 f6 c. Robert Hooke
f6 f6
b. Catherine of Siena
f 6 f6d. Louis Pasteur
f6 f6
ANS: C f6 DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 f6
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbial diseases have changed human history. MSC:
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f 6 f6
Remembering
13. Which of the following was an unexpected benefit of the bubonic plague?
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a. There was no benefit to the bubonic plague.
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b. The population of Europe experienced a baby boom.
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c. It resulted in a better understanding of aseptic practices and how to prevent the spread ofi nfection.
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f 6
d. The population decline enabled the cultural advancement of the Renaissance.
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
ANS: D f6 DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 f6
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbialgdiseases have changed human history. MSC:
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f 6 f6
Understanding
14. Which of the following organisms would you NOT be able to see using Robert Hooke’s microscope?
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
a. vinegar eels f6 c. mold filaments f6
b. dust mites f6 d. Mycobacterium tuberculosis f6
ANS: D f6 DIF: Moderate REF: f 6 1.2
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MULTIPLE CHOICE
f6
1. Which of the following is NOT considered a benefit of microorganisms?
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
a. nitrogen fixation f6 c. synthesis of vitamins f6 f6
b. production of fermented foods f6 d. causative agents of disease
f6 f6 f 6 f6 f6 f6
ANS: D f6 DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 f6
OBJ: 1.1a Describe how we define a microbe, and explain why the definition is a challenge.MS
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f 6 C: Reme
f6
mbering
2. A microbe that is 50 nm in size would most likely be
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
a. fungi.
f 6 c. virus.
b. E. coli.
f 6 f6 d. algae.
ANS: C f6 DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f 6 f6
e domains have in common and how they differ.
f6 f6 f6 f6 MSC: Applying f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
3. Based on the figure shown, the type of organism indicated with an arrow could be a
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
a. virus. c. macroscopic fungi. f6
b. bacteria. d. large ameba.
f 6 f6
ANS: B f6 DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 f6
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f 6 f6
e domains have in common and how they differ.
f6 f6 f6 f6 MSC: Applying f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
4. Based on the figure, the type of organism shown is a(n)
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
, a. virus. c. archaea.
b. bacteria. d. eukaryote.
f 6
ANS: D f6 DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 f6
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f 6 f6
e domains have in common and how they differ.
f6 f6 f6 MSC: Applying
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
5. Which of the following demonstrates correct scientific notation of a bacterial organism?
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
a. Staphylococcus Epidermidis c. Staphylococcus epidermidis
f6 f6
b. Staphylococcus epidermidis d. Staphylococcus Epidermidis
f6 f 6 f6
ANS: C f6 DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 f6
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f 6 f6
e domains have in common and how they differ.
f6 f6 f6 MSC: Applying
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
6. Which key characteristic differentiates a prokaryote from a eukaryote?
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
a. the absence of proteins
f6 f6 f6
b. the presence of DNA
f6 f6 f6
c. the absence of membrane-bound organelles
f6 f6 f6 f6
d. the presence of a cell wall
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
ANS: C f6 DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 f6
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f 6 f6
e domains have in common and how they differ.
f6 f6 f6 MSC: Remembering
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
7. Which of the following methods for classifying life forms can best be used to distinguish between twoc
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f 6 lose
ly related rod-shaped bacterial organisms, Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli?
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
a. physical characteristics f6 c. DNA sequence comparison f6 f6
b. method of reproduction f6 f6 d. environmental habitat f 6 f6
ANS: C f6 DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 f6
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f 6 f6
e domains have in common and how they differ.
f6 f6 f6 MSC: Applying
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
8. Which of the following is always classified as a eukaryote?
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
a. papillomavirus c. Escherichia coli f6
b. methanogen d. yeast
ANS: D f6 DIF: Moderate REF: f 6 1.1
, OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f 6 e thrf6
ee domains have in common and how they differ.
f6 f6 MSC: Understanding
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
9. Which of the following has been used as a tool for gene therapy?
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
a. viruses c. protozoa
b. archaea d. fungi f 6
ANS: A f 6 DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 f6
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e thre
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f 6 f6
e domains have in common and how they differ.
f6 f6 f6MSC: Understanding
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
10. Which of the following would you not expect to find in the human digestive tract?
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
a. archaea c. bacteria
b. algae d. intestinal viruses f 6 f6
ANS: B f6 DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 f6
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f 6 e thrf6
ee domains have in common and how they differ.
f6 f6 MSC: Understanding
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
11. Antibiotics are chemotherapeutic drugs that function by inhibiting an important cellular structure or p rocess of a
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f 6 f6 f6
n organism that is causing an infection. Which of the following would not be affected byan antibiotic that targe
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
ts cellular metabolic enzymes?
f6 f6 f6
a. Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria c. ameba f6 f6
b. Herpes virus f6 d. bread mold f 6 f6
ANS: B f6 DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 f6
OBJ: 1.1c Define viruses, and explain how they relate to living cells.MS C: Anal
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f 6 f6
yzing
12. Which scientist is credited with constructing the first microscope?
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
a. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
f 6 f6 c. Robert Hooke
f6 f6
b. Catherine of Siena
f 6 f6d. Louis Pasteur
f6 f6
ANS: C f6 DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 f6
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbial diseases have changed human history. MSC:
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f 6 f6
Remembering
13. Which of the following was an unexpected benefit of the bubonic plague?
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
a. There was no benefit to the bubonic plague.
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
b. The population of Europe experienced a baby boom.
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
c. It resulted in a better understanding of aseptic practices and how to prevent the spread ofi nfection.
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f 6
d. The population decline enabled the cultural advancement of the Renaissance.
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
ANS: D f6 DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 f6
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbialgdiseases have changed human history. MSC:
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f 6 f6
Understanding
14. Which of the following organisms would you NOT be able to see using Robert Hooke’s microscope?
f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6 f6
a. vinegar eels f6 c. mold filaments f6
b. dust mites f6 d. Mycobacterium tuberculosis f6
ANS: D f6 DIF: Moderate REF: f 6 1.2
