ATI Nutrition Review – Proctored Exam Study
Guide (Updated for 2025) Focus: diet therapy,
cultural nutrition, metabolic needs, lab
interpretation.
Section 1: Diet Therapy (35 Questions)
1. A client with dysphagia following a stroke is prescribed a mechanical soft diet. Which food
item should the nurse remove from the meal tray?
A. Scrambled eggs
B. Mashed potatoes with gravy
C. Pureed chicken
D. Whole wheat bread ✓
2. For a client with Celiac disease, which grain is safe to consume?
A. Rye
B. Barley
C. Spelt
D. Quinoa ✓
3. A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) not on dialysis should be educated to restrict
which nutrient?
A. Carbohydrates
B. Protein ✓
C. Vitamin C
D. Iron
4. Which meal is most appropriate for a client with a new ileostomy?
A. Steak, salad, and an apple
B. Grilled chicken, white rice, and a peeled peach ✓
C. Pork chops, sauerkraut, and popcorn
D. Black bean burger on a whole-grain bun
5. The primary goal of a cardiac diet is to reduce the risk of atherosclerosis by limiting:
A. Sodium and saturated fat ✓
B. Potassium and fiber
,C. Protein and simple sugars
D. Calcium and Vitamin D
6. A client with cholecystitis should be placed on a diet that is low in:
A. Protein
B. Carbohydrates
C. Fat ✓
D. Fiber
7. Which food choice is most appropriate for a client on a full liquid diet?
A. Oatmeal
B. Cream of wheat cereal
C. Strained cream soup ✓
D. Jell-O with fruit pieces
8. A client with dumping syndrome post-gastrectomy should be instructed to:
A. Drink fluids with meals
B. Lie down after eating
C. Consume small, frequent meals low in simple sugars ✓
D. Eat three large, high-carbohydrate meals daily
9. For a client with hypertension, which snack is the best choice?
A. Potato chips
B. Dill pickle spears
C. Fresh apple slices ✓
D. Canned chicken noodle soup
10. A client with pancreatitis should follow a diet that is:
A. High-fat, low-protein
B. Low-fat, high-protein ✓
C. High-carbohydrate, low-protein
D. Low-carbohydrate, high-fat
11. Which instruction is most important for a client on a high-fiber diet for diverticulosis?
A. Avoid nuts and seeds
B. Increase fluid intake ✓
C. Limit lean protein
D. Take an iron supplement
12. A client with lactose intolerance can most likely tolerate:
A. A glass of milk
, B. A slice of cheese pizza
C. Yogurt with active cultures ✓
D. Cream-based soup
13. The therapeutic diet for a client with acute renal failure requiring hemodialysis is:
A. High-protein, low-potassium, low-sodium, fluid-restricted ✓
B. Low-protein, high-potassium, low-sodium
C. High-protein, high-potassium, low-phosphorus
D. Low-protein, low-carbohydrate, high-phosphorus
14. Which food should be avoided for a client on a tyramine-restricted diet for MAOI
antidepressant therapy?
A. Fresh chicken
B. Aged cheeses ✓
C. Steamed broccoli
D. White rice
15. A clear liquid diet is primarily designed to:
A. Provide complete nutrition
B. Manage hydration and minimize GI residue ✓
C. Promote weight gain
D. Supply high amounts of fiber
16. A client with GERD should be advised to:
A. Eat a large evening meal before bed
B. Drink carbonated beverages with meals
C. Lie down for 30 minutes after eating
D. Avoid peppermint and chocolate ✓
17. Which food is a major source of dietary oxalate, which should be limited in clients with
calcium oxalate kidney stones?
A. Bananas
B. Spinach ✓
C. Eggs
D. Pasta
18. A client with HIV/AIDS experiencing wasting syndrome should be placed on a diet that is:
A. Low-calorie, low-protein
B. High-calorie, high-protein ✓
Guide (Updated for 2025) Focus: diet therapy,
cultural nutrition, metabolic needs, lab
interpretation.
Section 1: Diet Therapy (35 Questions)
1. A client with dysphagia following a stroke is prescribed a mechanical soft diet. Which food
item should the nurse remove from the meal tray?
A. Scrambled eggs
B. Mashed potatoes with gravy
C. Pureed chicken
D. Whole wheat bread ✓
2. For a client with Celiac disease, which grain is safe to consume?
A. Rye
B. Barley
C. Spelt
D. Quinoa ✓
3. A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) not on dialysis should be educated to restrict
which nutrient?
A. Carbohydrates
B. Protein ✓
C. Vitamin C
D. Iron
4. Which meal is most appropriate for a client with a new ileostomy?
A. Steak, salad, and an apple
B. Grilled chicken, white rice, and a peeled peach ✓
C. Pork chops, sauerkraut, and popcorn
D. Black bean burger on a whole-grain bun
5. The primary goal of a cardiac diet is to reduce the risk of atherosclerosis by limiting:
A. Sodium and saturated fat ✓
B. Potassium and fiber
,C. Protein and simple sugars
D. Calcium and Vitamin D
6. A client with cholecystitis should be placed on a diet that is low in:
A. Protein
B. Carbohydrates
C. Fat ✓
D. Fiber
7. Which food choice is most appropriate for a client on a full liquid diet?
A. Oatmeal
B. Cream of wheat cereal
C. Strained cream soup ✓
D. Jell-O with fruit pieces
8. A client with dumping syndrome post-gastrectomy should be instructed to:
A. Drink fluids with meals
B. Lie down after eating
C. Consume small, frequent meals low in simple sugars ✓
D. Eat three large, high-carbohydrate meals daily
9. For a client with hypertension, which snack is the best choice?
A. Potato chips
B. Dill pickle spears
C. Fresh apple slices ✓
D. Canned chicken noodle soup
10. A client with pancreatitis should follow a diet that is:
A. High-fat, low-protein
B. Low-fat, high-protein ✓
C. High-carbohydrate, low-protein
D. Low-carbohydrate, high-fat
11. Which instruction is most important for a client on a high-fiber diet for diverticulosis?
A. Avoid nuts and seeds
B. Increase fluid intake ✓
C. Limit lean protein
D. Take an iron supplement
12. A client with lactose intolerance can most likely tolerate:
A. A glass of milk
, B. A slice of cheese pizza
C. Yogurt with active cultures ✓
D. Cream-based soup
13. The therapeutic diet for a client with acute renal failure requiring hemodialysis is:
A. High-protein, low-potassium, low-sodium, fluid-restricted ✓
B. Low-protein, high-potassium, low-sodium
C. High-protein, high-potassium, low-phosphorus
D. Low-protein, low-carbohydrate, high-phosphorus
14. Which food should be avoided for a client on a tyramine-restricted diet for MAOI
antidepressant therapy?
A. Fresh chicken
B. Aged cheeses ✓
C. Steamed broccoli
D. White rice
15. A clear liquid diet is primarily designed to:
A. Provide complete nutrition
B. Manage hydration and minimize GI residue ✓
C. Promote weight gain
D. Supply high amounts of fiber
16. A client with GERD should be advised to:
A. Eat a large evening meal before bed
B. Drink carbonated beverages with meals
C. Lie down for 30 minutes after eating
D. Avoid peppermint and chocolate ✓
17. Which food is a major source of dietary oxalate, which should be limited in clients with
calcium oxalate kidney stones?
A. Bananas
B. Spinach ✓
C. Eggs
D. Pasta
18. A client with HIV/AIDS experiencing wasting syndrome should be placed on a diet that is:
A. Low-calorie, low-protein
B. High-calorie, high-protein ✓
