,Chapter 01: Microbes Shape Our History
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MULTIPLE CHOICE
x
1. Which of the following is NOT considered a benefit of microorganisms?
x x x x x x x x x x
a. nitrogen fixation x c. synthesis of vitamins x x
b. production of fermented foods x d. causative agents of disease
x x x x x x
ANS: D x DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 x
OBJ: 1.1a Describe how we define a microbe, and explain why the definition is a challenge.MS C: Rememberi
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
ng
2. A microbe that is 50 nm in size would most likely be
x x x x x x x x x x x
a. fungi.
x c. virus.
b. E. coli.
x x d. algae.
ANS: C x DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e three do
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
mains have in common and how they differ.
x x x MSC: Applying
x x x x x
3. Based on the figure shown, the type of organism indicated with an arrow could be a
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
a. virus. c. macroscopic fungi. x
b. bacteria. d. large ameba.
x x
ANS: B x DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 x
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e three do
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
mains have in common and how they differ.
x x x MSC: Applying
x x x x x
4. Based on the figure, the type of organism shown is a(n)
x x x x x x x x x x
, a. virus. c. archaea.
b. bacteria. d. eukaryote.
x
ANS: D x DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 x
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e three do
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
mains have in common and how they differ.
x x x MSC: Applying x x x x x
5. Which of the following demonstrates correct scientific notation of a bacterial organism?
x x x x x x x x x x x
a. Staphylococcus Epidermidis c. Staphylococcus epidermidis
x x
b. Staphylococcus epidermidis d. Staphylococcus Epidermidis
x x x
ANS: C x DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 x
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e three do
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
mains have in common and how they differ.
x x x MSC: Applying x x x x x
6. Which key characteristic differentiates a prokaryote from a eukaryote?
x x x x x x x x
a. the absence of proteins
x x x
b. the presence of DNA
x x x
c. the absence of membrane-bound organelles
x x x x
d. the presence of a cell wall
x x x x x
ANS: C x DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 x
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e three do
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
mains have in common and how they differ.
x x x MSC: Remembering
x x x x x
7. Which of the following methods for classifying life forms can best be used to distinguish between twoc losely rela
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
ted rod-shaped bacterial organisms, Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli?
x x x x x x x x
a. physical characteristics x c. DNA sequence comparison x x
b. method of reproduction x x d. environmental habitat x x
ANS: C x DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 x
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e three do
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
mains have in common and how they differ.
x x x MSC: Applying x x x x x
8. Which of the following is always classified as a eukaryote?
x x x x x x x x x
a. papillomavirus c. Escherichia coli x
b. methanogen d. yeast
ANS: D x DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 x
, OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e three do
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
mains have in common and how they differ.
x x x MSC: Understanding x x x x x
9. Which of the following has been used as a tool for gene therapy?
x x x x x x x x x x x x
a. viruses c. protozoa
b. archaea d. fungi x
ANS: A x DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 x
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e three do
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
mains have in common and how they differ.
x x x MSC: Understanding x x x x x
10. Which of the following would you not expect to find in the human digestive tract?
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
a. archaea c. bacteria
b. algae d. intestinal viruses x x
ANS: B x DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 x
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e three do
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
mains have in common and how they differ.
x x x MSC: Understanding x x x x x
11. Antibiotics are chemotherapeutic drugs that function by inhibiting an important cellular structure or p rocess of an org
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
anism that is causing an infection. Which of the following would not be affected byan antibiotic that targets cellul
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
ar metabolic enzymes?
x x
a. Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria c. ameba x x
b. Herpes virus x d. bread mold x x
ANS: B x DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 x
OBJ: 1.1c Define viruses, and explain how they relate to living cells.MS C: Analyzi
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
ng
12. Which scientist is credited with constructing the first microscope?
x x x x x x x x
a. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
x x c. Robert Hooke
x x
b. Catherine of Siena
x x d. Louis Pasteur
x x
ANS: C x DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 x
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbial diseases have changed human history. MSC: Re
x x x x x x x x x x x
membering
13. Which of the following was an unexpected benefit of the bubonic plague?
x x x x x x x x x x x
a. There was no benefit to the bubonic plague.
x x x x x x x
b. The population of Europe experienced a baby boom.
x x x x x x x
c. It resulted in a better understanding of aseptic practices and how to prevent the spread ofi nfection.
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
d. The population decline enabled the cultural advancement of the Renaissance.
x x x x x x x x x
ANS: D x DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 x
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbialgdiseases have changed human history. MSC: Un
x x x x x x x x x x
derstanding
14. Which of the following organisms would you NOT be able to see using Robert Hooke’s microscope?
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
a. vinegar eels x c. mold filaments x
b. dust mites x d. Mycobacterium tuberculosis x
ANS: D x DIF: Moderate REF: 1.2 x
g g g g g
MULTIPLE CHOICE
x
1. Which of the following is NOT considered a benefit of microorganisms?
x x x x x x x x x x
a. nitrogen fixation x c. synthesis of vitamins x x
b. production of fermented foods x d. causative agents of disease
x x x x x x
ANS: D x DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 x
OBJ: 1.1a Describe how we define a microbe, and explain why the definition is a challenge.MS C: Rememberi
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
ng
2. A microbe that is 50 nm in size would most likely be
x x x x x x x x x x x
a. fungi.
x c. virus.
b. E. coli.
x x d. algae.
ANS: C x DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e three do
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
mains have in common and how they differ.
x x x MSC: Applying
x x x x x
3. Based on the figure shown, the type of organism indicated with an arrow could be a
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
a. virus. c. macroscopic fungi. x
b. bacteria. d. large ameba.
x x
ANS: B x DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 x
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e three do
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
mains have in common and how they differ.
x x x MSC: Applying
x x x x x
4. Based on the figure, the type of organism shown is a(n)
x x x x x x x x x x
, a. virus. c. archaea.
b. bacteria. d. eukaryote.
x
ANS: D x DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 x
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e three do
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
mains have in common and how they differ.
x x x MSC: Applying x x x x x
5. Which of the following demonstrates correct scientific notation of a bacterial organism?
x x x x x x x x x x x
a. Staphylococcus Epidermidis c. Staphylococcus epidermidis
x x
b. Staphylococcus epidermidis d. Staphylococcus Epidermidis
x x x
ANS: C x DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 x
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e three do
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
mains have in common and how they differ.
x x x MSC: Applying x x x x x
6. Which key characteristic differentiates a prokaryote from a eukaryote?
x x x x x x x x
a. the absence of proteins
x x x
b. the presence of DNA
x x x
c. the absence of membrane-bound organelles
x x x x
d. the presence of a cell wall
x x x x x
ANS: C x DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 x
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e three do
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
mains have in common and how they differ.
x x x MSC: Remembering
x x x x x
7. Which of the following methods for classifying life forms can best be used to distinguish between twoc losely rela
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
ted rod-shaped bacterial organisms, Salmonella typhimurium and Escherichia coli?
x x x x x x x x
a. physical characteristics x c. DNA sequence comparison x x
b. method of reproduction x x d. environmental habitat x x
ANS: C x DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 x
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e three do
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
mains have in common and how they differ.
x x x MSC: Applying x x x x x
8. Which of the following is always classified as a eukaryote?
x x x x x x x x x
a. papillomavirus c. Escherichia coli x
b. methanogen d. yeast
ANS: D x DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 x
, OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e three do
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
mains have in common and how they differ.
x x x MSC: Understanding x x x x x
9. Which of the following has been used as a tool for gene therapy?
x x x x x x x x x x x x
a. viruses c. protozoa
b. archaea d. fungi x
ANS: A x DIF: Easy REF: 1.1 x
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e three do
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
mains have in common and how they differ.
x x x MSC: Understanding x x x x x
10. Which of the following would you not expect to find in the human digestive tract?
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
a. archaea c. bacteria
b. algae d. intestinal viruses x x
ANS: B x DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 x
OBJ: 1.1b Describe the three major domains of life: Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya. Explain whatth e three do
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
mains have in common and how they differ.
x x x MSC: Understanding x x x x x
11. Antibiotics are chemotherapeutic drugs that function by inhibiting an important cellular structure or p rocess of an org
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
anism that is causing an infection. Which of the following would not be affected byan antibiotic that targets cellul
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
ar metabolic enzymes?
x x
a. Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria c. ameba x x
b. Herpes virus x d. bread mold x x
ANS: B x DIF: Moderate REF: 1.1 x
OBJ: 1.1c Define viruses, and explain how they relate to living cells.MS C: Analyzi
x x x x x x x x x x x x x
ng
12. Which scientist is credited with constructing the first microscope?
x x x x x x x x
a. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek
x x c. Robert Hooke
x x
b. Catherine of Siena
x x d. Louis Pasteur
x x
ANS: C x DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 x
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbial diseases have changed human history. MSC: Re
x x x x x x x x x x x
membering
13. Which of the following was an unexpected benefit of the bubonic plague?
x x x x x x x x x x x
a. There was no benefit to the bubonic plague.
x x x x x x x
b. The population of Europe experienced a baby boom.
x x x x x x x
c. It resulted in a better understanding of aseptic practices and how to prevent the spread ofi nfection.
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
d. The population decline enabled the cultural advancement of the Renaissance.
x x x x x x x x x
ANS: D x DIF: Easy REF: 1.2 x
OBJ: 1.2a Explain how microbialgdiseases have changed human history. MSC: Un
x x x x x x x x x x
derstanding
14. Which of the following organisms would you NOT be able to see using Robert Hooke’s microscope?
x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x
a. vinegar eels x c. mold filaments x
b. dust mites x d. Mycobacterium tuberculosis x
ANS: D x DIF: Moderate REF: 1.2 x
