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What is an equation?
A math statement showing two expressions are equal, connected by
an equal sign (=).
What is an expression?
A math phrase without an equal sign.
Example of an equation?
8 + 3 = 11.
Example of an expression?
8 + 3.
How do you solve for an unknown in an equation?
Apply the same operation to both sides until the unknown is isolated.
What is a variable?
A symbol (like x) that represents an unknown value.
What is a constant?
A fixed value that does not change.
What is a coefficient?
A number multiplied by a variable (in 5x, 5 is the coefficient).
How do you multiply fractions?
Multiply numerators together and denominators together.
How do you divide fractions?
Multiply by the reciprocal of the divisor.
How do you add/subtract fractions?
Rewrite with a common denominator, then add/subtract numerators.
, What is a reciprocal?
The flipped version of a fraction (e.g., 3/4 → 4/3).
What does percent mean?
Per hundred.
How do you convert a decimal to a percent?
Multiply by 100. (0.25 → 25%).
How do you convert a percent to a decimal?
Divide by 100. (75% → 0.75).
How do you find 10% of a number quickly?
Move the decimal one place to the left.
Example: What is 25% of 200?
200 × 0.25 = 50.
What is a ratio?
A comparison of two numbers (e.g., 2:3).
What is a rate?
A ratio with different units (e.g., miles/hour).
What is a unit rate?
A rate with denominator of 1 (e.g., $2 per slice).
What is a proportion?
An equation showing two ratios are equal.
How do you solve a proportion?
Cross multiply and divide.
Example: 3/4 = x/12. Solve for x.
x = 9.
How do you find the perimeter of a rectangle?
2 × length + 2 × width.
Example: Rectangle 10 ft by 14 ft perimeter?
48 ft.
What is the circumference of a circle?
Distance around a circle.