Sue E. Huether, Kathryn L. McCance - Test Sue E. Huether, Kathryn L. McCance
Bank for Understanding Pathophysiology (6thBank for Understanding Pathophysio
Ed)-Test Bank (complete questions & answers)Ed)-Test Bank (complete questions &
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology 4. Which of the following can remove proteins attached to the cell’s bilaye
Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiology, 6th Edition layer itself?
a. Peripheral membrane proteins
b. Integral membrane proteins
MULTIPLE CHOICE c. Glycoproteins
d. Cell adhesion molecules
1. A student is observing a cell under the microscope. It is observed to have supercoiled DNA
ANS: B
with histones. Which of the following would also be observed by the student?
a. A single circular chromosome Proteins directly attached to the membrane bilayer can be removed by th
b. A nucleus membrane proteins that dissolve the bilayer. Peripheral membrane prote
c. Free-floating nuclear material surface while cell adhesion molecules are on the outside of the membran
d. No organelles marks cells and does not float.
ANS: B REF: p. 7
The cell described is a eukaryotic cell, so it has histones and a supercoiled DNA within its
nucleus; thus, the nucleus should be observed. A single circular chromosome called a 5. Which of the following can bind to plasma membrane receptors?
prokaryote contains free-floating nuclear material but has no organelles. a. Oxygen
b. Ribosomes
REF: p. 2 c. Amphipathic lipids
d. Ligands
2. A nurse is instructing the staff about cellular functions. Which cellular function is the nurse
ANS: D
describing when an isolated cell absorbs oxygen and uses it to transform nutrients to energy?
a. Metabolic absorption Ligands are the only specific molecules that can bind with receptors on
b. Communication
REF: p. 9
c. Secretion
d. Respiration 6. A nurse is reviewing a report from a patient with metastatic cancer. Wha
ANS: D NURSINGTB.COM extracellular matrix would suN
ppoR
U rtSthIeNdG
iagnBo.
T siCs ofM
O metastatic cancer?
The cell’s ability to absorb oxygen is referred to as respiration while its communication ability a. Decreased fibronectin
involves maintenance of a steady dynamic state, metabolic absorption provides nutrition, and b. Increased collagen
secretion allows for the synthesizing of new substances. c. Decreased elastin
d. Increased glycoproteins
REF: p. 2
ANS: A
3. A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would most of Only a reduced amount of fibronectin is found in some types of cancero
the genetic information be contained? them to travel or metastasize.
a. Mitochondria
REF: p. 10
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
7. Which form of cell communication is used to relate to other cells in dire
d. Nucleus Cytoplasm a. Cell junction
ANS: C b. Gap junction
The region of the cell that contains genetic material, including a large amount of ribonucleic c. Desmosome
acid, most of the DNA, and DNA-binding proteins, is the nucleolus, which is located within d. Tight junction
the cell’s nucleus. Mitochondria is associated with cellular respiration, while ribosomes are ANS: A
involved with protein manufacturing. Cytoplasm is a fluid filling that is a component of the Cell junctions hold cells together and permit molecules to pass from cell
cell. Gap junctions allow for cellular communication between cells. Neither d
junctions are associated with cellular communication.
REF: p. 2
NURSINGTB.COM NURSINGTB.COM
,Sue E. Huether, Kathryn L. McCance - Test Sue E. Huether, Kathryn L. McCance
Bank for Understanding Pathophysiology (6thBank for Understanding Pathophysio
Ed)-Test Bank (complete questions & answers)Ed)-Test Bank (complete questions &
REF: p. 11
8. Pancreatic beta cells secrete insulin, which inhibits secretion of glucagon
alpha cells. This action is an example of which of the following signalin
a. Paracrine
b. Autocrine
c. Neurohormonal
d. Hormonal
ANS: A
Paracrine signaling involves the release of local chemical mediators that
destroyed, or immobilized, as in the case of insulin and the inhibition of
glucagon. None of the other options involve signaling that is associated
mediator like insulin.
REF: p. 12
9. In cellular metabolism, each enzyme has a high affinity for a:
a. solute.
b. substrate.
c. receptor.
d. ribosome.
ANS: B
Each enzyme has a high affinity for a substrate, a specific substance con
the reaction. Cellular metabolism is not dependent on an attraction betw
any of the remaining options.
REF: p. 16
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10. An athlete runs a marathon, after which his muscles feel fatigued and un
athlete asks the nurse why this happened. The nurse’s response is based
the problem is result of a deficiency of:
a. GTP
b. AMP
c. ATP
d. GMP
ANS: C
When ATP is deficient, impaired muscle contraction results. None of th
involved in muscle contraction.
REF: p. 16
11. Which phase of catabolism produces the most ATP?
a. Digestion
b. Glycolysis
c. Oxidation
d. Citric acid cycle
ANS: D
NURSINGTB.COM NURSINGTB.COM
, Sue E. Huether, Kathryn L. McCance
Sue E. Huether, Kathryn L. McCance - Test Bank for Understanding Pathophysio
Bank for Understanding Pathophysiology (6thEd)-Test Bank (complete questions &
Ed)-Test Bank (complete questions & answers)
REF: p. 16
While some ATP is produced during the oxidation and glycolysis phases, most of the ATP is
generated during the citric acid cycle. Digestion does not produce any ATP. 12. A nurse is teaching the staff about the phases of cellular catabolism. Wh
nurse include?
a. Digestion, glycolysis, oxidation, and the citric acid cycle
b. Diffusion, osmosis, and mediated transport
c. S phase, G phase, and M phase
d. Metabolic absorption, respiration, and excretion
ANS: A
Only digestion, glycolysis, oxidation, and the citric acid cycle are the ph
catabolism.
REF: p. 16
13. A runner has depleted all the oxygen available for muscle energy. Whic
facilitate his continued muscle performance?
a. Electron-transport chain
b. Aerobic glycolysis
c. Anaerobic glycolysis
d. Oxidative phosphorylation
ANS: C
When no oxygen is available, anaerobic glycolysis occurs. The electron-
of the citric acid cycle. Aerobic glycolysis involves the presence of oxyg
phosphorylation is the mechanism by which the energy produced from c
and proteins is transferred to ATP. It is not part of muscle performance.
NURSINGTB.COM
REF: p. 16
14. A faculty member asks a student to identify the appropriate term for the
from an area of greater to lesser concentration. Which answer indicates
understood the teaching?
a. Osmosis
b. Diffusion
c. Hydrostatic pressure
d. Active transport
ANS: B
Diffusion is the movement of a solute molecule from an area of greater s
an area of lesser solute concentration through a permeable membrane. O
movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from a region of
concentration to one of lower concentration. Hydrostatic pressure is the
a cell membrane. In active transport, molecules move up a concentration
REF: p. 19
15. Which description accurately describes electrolytes?
a. Small lipid-soluble molecules
NURSINGTB.COM NURSINGTB.COM
, Sue E. Huether, Kathryn L. McCance
Sue E. Huether, Kathryn L. McCance - Test Bank for Understanding Pathophysio
Bank for Understanding Pathophysiology (6thEd)-Test Bank (complete questions &
Ed)-Test Bank (complete questions & answers)
d. Electrically charged molecules
b. Large protein molecules
c. Micronutrients used to produce ATP ANS: D
Electrolytes are electrically charged molecules. They are not lipid solub
up of protein, and they do not play a role in ATP production.
REF: p. 18
16. A nurse is reading a chart and sees the term oncotic pressure. The nurse
pressure (colloid osmotic pressure) is determined by:
a. the concentration of sodium.
b. plasma proteins.
c. hydrostatic pressure.
d. the availability of membrane transporter proteins.
ANS: B
Oncotic pressure is determined by the effect of colloids or plasma prote
of sodium plays a role in tonicity. Hydrostatic pressure is the force with
transporter proteins are involved in active transport within a concentrati
REF: p. 20
17. A patient has a body fluid of 300 mOsm/kg. This lab result is measuring
a. osmolality.
b. osmolarity.
c. osmotic pressure.
d. oncotic pressure.
ANS: A NURSINGTB.COM
Osmolality measures the number of milliosmoles per kilogram of water,
of molecules per weight of water, while osmolarity measures the numbe
liter of solution, or the concentration of molecules per volume of solutio
the amount of hydrostatic pressure required to oppose the osmotic move
Oncotic pressure is from plasma proteins, not body fluids.
REF: p. 19
18. A nurse is discussing the movement of fluid across the arterial end of ca
into the interstitial fluid surrounding the capillary. Which process of flu
nurse describing?
a. Hydrostatic pressure
b. Osmosis
c. Diffusion
d. Active transport
ANS: A
Blood reaching the capillary bed has a hydrostatic pressure of 25–30 mm
sufficient force to push water across the thin capillary membranes into t
Osmosis involves the movement of fluid from an area of higher concent
NURSINGTB.COM NURSINGTB.COM
Bank for Understanding Pathophysiology (6thBank for Understanding Pathophysio
Ed)-Test Bank (complete questions & answers)Ed)-Test Bank (complete questions &
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology 4. Which of the following can remove proteins attached to the cell’s bilaye
Huether & McCance: Understanding Pathophysiology, 6th Edition layer itself?
a. Peripheral membrane proteins
b. Integral membrane proteins
MULTIPLE CHOICE c. Glycoproteins
d. Cell adhesion molecules
1. A student is observing a cell under the microscope. It is observed to have supercoiled DNA
ANS: B
with histones. Which of the following would also be observed by the student?
a. A single circular chromosome Proteins directly attached to the membrane bilayer can be removed by th
b. A nucleus membrane proteins that dissolve the bilayer. Peripheral membrane prote
c. Free-floating nuclear material surface while cell adhesion molecules are on the outside of the membran
d. No organelles marks cells and does not float.
ANS: B REF: p. 7
The cell described is a eukaryotic cell, so it has histones and a supercoiled DNA within its
nucleus; thus, the nucleus should be observed. A single circular chromosome called a 5. Which of the following can bind to plasma membrane receptors?
prokaryote contains free-floating nuclear material but has no organelles. a. Oxygen
b. Ribosomes
REF: p. 2 c. Amphipathic lipids
d. Ligands
2. A nurse is instructing the staff about cellular functions. Which cellular function is the nurse
ANS: D
describing when an isolated cell absorbs oxygen and uses it to transform nutrients to energy?
a. Metabolic absorption Ligands are the only specific molecules that can bind with receptors on
b. Communication
REF: p. 9
c. Secretion
d. Respiration 6. A nurse is reviewing a report from a patient with metastatic cancer. Wha
ANS: D NURSINGTB.COM extracellular matrix would suN
ppoR
U rtSthIeNdG
iagnBo.
T siCs ofM
O metastatic cancer?
The cell’s ability to absorb oxygen is referred to as respiration while its communication ability a. Decreased fibronectin
involves maintenance of a steady dynamic state, metabolic absorption provides nutrition, and b. Increased collagen
secretion allows for the synthesizing of new substances. c. Decreased elastin
d. Increased glycoproteins
REF: p. 2
ANS: A
3. A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would most of Only a reduced amount of fibronectin is found in some types of cancero
the genetic information be contained? them to travel or metastasize.
a. Mitochondria
REF: p. 10
b. Ribosome
c. Nucleolus
7. Which form of cell communication is used to relate to other cells in dire
d. Nucleus Cytoplasm a. Cell junction
ANS: C b. Gap junction
The region of the cell that contains genetic material, including a large amount of ribonucleic c. Desmosome
acid, most of the DNA, and DNA-binding proteins, is the nucleolus, which is located within d. Tight junction
the cell’s nucleus. Mitochondria is associated with cellular respiration, while ribosomes are ANS: A
involved with protein manufacturing. Cytoplasm is a fluid filling that is a component of the Cell junctions hold cells together and permit molecules to pass from cell
cell. Gap junctions allow for cellular communication between cells. Neither d
junctions are associated with cellular communication.
REF: p. 2
NURSINGTB.COM NURSINGTB.COM
,Sue E. Huether, Kathryn L. McCance - Test Sue E. Huether, Kathryn L. McCance
Bank for Understanding Pathophysiology (6thBank for Understanding Pathophysio
Ed)-Test Bank (complete questions & answers)Ed)-Test Bank (complete questions &
REF: p. 11
8. Pancreatic beta cells secrete insulin, which inhibits secretion of glucagon
alpha cells. This action is an example of which of the following signalin
a. Paracrine
b. Autocrine
c. Neurohormonal
d. Hormonal
ANS: A
Paracrine signaling involves the release of local chemical mediators that
destroyed, or immobilized, as in the case of insulin and the inhibition of
glucagon. None of the other options involve signaling that is associated
mediator like insulin.
REF: p. 12
9. In cellular metabolism, each enzyme has a high affinity for a:
a. solute.
b. substrate.
c. receptor.
d. ribosome.
ANS: B
Each enzyme has a high affinity for a substrate, a specific substance con
the reaction. Cellular metabolism is not dependent on an attraction betw
any of the remaining options.
REF: p. 16
NURSINGTB.COM
10. An athlete runs a marathon, after which his muscles feel fatigued and un
athlete asks the nurse why this happened. The nurse’s response is based
the problem is result of a deficiency of:
a. GTP
b. AMP
c. ATP
d. GMP
ANS: C
When ATP is deficient, impaired muscle contraction results. None of th
involved in muscle contraction.
REF: p. 16
11. Which phase of catabolism produces the most ATP?
a. Digestion
b. Glycolysis
c. Oxidation
d. Citric acid cycle
ANS: D
NURSINGTB.COM NURSINGTB.COM
, Sue E. Huether, Kathryn L. McCance
Sue E. Huether, Kathryn L. McCance - Test Bank for Understanding Pathophysio
Bank for Understanding Pathophysiology (6thEd)-Test Bank (complete questions &
Ed)-Test Bank (complete questions & answers)
REF: p. 16
While some ATP is produced during the oxidation and glycolysis phases, most of the ATP is
generated during the citric acid cycle. Digestion does not produce any ATP. 12. A nurse is teaching the staff about the phases of cellular catabolism. Wh
nurse include?
a. Digestion, glycolysis, oxidation, and the citric acid cycle
b. Diffusion, osmosis, and mediated transport
c. S phase, G phase, and M phase
d. Metabolic absorption, respiration, and excretion
ANS: A
Only digestion, glycolysis, oxidation, and the citric acid cycle are the ph
catabolism.
REF: p. 16
13. A runner has depleted all the oxygen available for muscle energy. Whic
facilitate his continued muscle performance?
a. Electron-transport chain
b. Aerobic glycolysis
c. Anaerobic glycolysis
d. Oxidative phosphorylation
ANS: C
When no oxygen is available, anaerobic glycolysis occurs. The electron-
of the citric acid cycle. Aerobic glycolysis involves the presence of oxyg
phosphorylation is the mechanism by which the energy produced from c
and proteins is transferred to ATP. It is not part of muscle performance.
NURSINGTB.COM
REF: p. 16
14. A faculty member asks a student to identify the appropriate term for the
from an area of greater to lesser concentration. Which answer indicates
understood the teaching?
a. Osmosis
b. Diffusion
c. Hydrostatic pressure
d. Active transport
ANS: B
Diffusion is the movement of a solute molecule from an area of greater s
an area of lesser solute concentration through a permeable membrane. O
movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from a region of
concentration to one of lower concentration. Hydrostatic pressure is the
a cell membrane. In active transport, molecules move up a concentration
REF: p. 19
15. Which description accurately describes electrolytes?
a. Small lipid-soluble molecules
NURSINGTB.COM NURSINGTB.COM
, Sue E. Huether, Kathryn L. McCance
Sue E. Huether, Kathryn L. McCance - Test Bank for Understanding Pathophysio
Bank for Understanding Pathophysiology (6thEd)-Test Bank (complete questions &
Ed)-Test Bank (complete questions & answers)
d. Electrically charged molecules
b. Large protein molecules
c. Micronutrients used to produce ATP ANS: D
Electrolytes are electrically charged molecules. They are not lipid solub
up of protein, and they do not play a role in ATP production.
REF: p. 18
16. A nurse is reading a chart and sees the term oncotic pressure. The nurse
pressure (colloid osmotic pressure) is determined by:
a. the concentration of sodium.
b. plasma proteins.
c. hydrostatic pressure.
d. the availability of membrane transporter proteins.
ANS: B
Oncotic pressure is determined by the effect of colloids or plasma prote
of sodium plays a role in tonicity. Hydrostatic pressure is the force with
transporter proteins are involved in active transport within a concentrati
REF: p. 20
17. A patient has a body fluid of 300 mOsm/kg. This lab result is measuring
a. osmolality.
b. osmolarity.
c. osmotic pressure.
d. oncotic pressure.
ANS: A NURSINGTB.COM
Osmolality measures the number of milliosmoles per kilogram of water,
of molecules per weight of water, while osmolarity measures the numbe
liter of solution, or the concentration of molecules per volume of solutio
the amount of hydrostatic pressure required to oppose the osmotic move
Oncotic pressure is from plasma proteins, not body fluids.
REF: p. 19
18. A nurse is discussing the movement of fluid across the arterial end of ca
into the interstitial fluid surrounding the capillary. Which process of flu
nurse describing?
a. Hydrostatic pressure
b. Osmosis
c. Diffusion
d. Active transport
ANS: A
Blood reaching the capillary bed has a hydrostatic pressure of 25–30 mm
sufficient force to push water across the thin capillary membranes into t
Osmosis involves the movement of fluid from an area of higher concent
NURSINGTB.COM NURSINGTB.COM
