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What are the three TIONS of Organ Preservation? - Answer✅✅CannulaTION
IsolaTION
VentilaTION
What are the goals of Organ Preservation? - Answer✅✅Maintain organ viability
prior to transplant
-hypothermia
-inhibit cellular swelling
What is the cold ischemic time range for heart preservation? - Answer✅✅4-6 hours
What is the cold ischemic time range for lung preservation? - Answer✅✅6-8 hours
What is the cold ischemic time range for liver preservation? - Answer✅✅<24 hours
(8-12 hours normal)
What is the cold ischemic time range for pancreas preservation? - Answer✅✅<12
hours (8-12 hours normal)
,What is the cold ischemic time range for bowel preservation? - Answer✅✅<12
hours
What is the cold ischemic time range for kidney preservation? - Answer✅✅average
<24 hours (max:36-48 hours depending on machine perfusion vs cold storage)
What are the four basics of preservation? - Answer✅✅1. Cannula (size and shape)
2. Tubing (Y tubing vs Leur-Lock)
3. Solution (gravity, pressure, additives)
4. Direction (antegrade/retrograde)
Definition of Antegrade - Answer✅✅Performed in the normal direction of flow
Definition of Retrograde - Answer✅✅Moving or tending backward, opposite to the
usual order; inverted or reversed
What are the four chambers of the heart? - Answer✅✅1. Left Atrium
2. Right Atrium
3. Left Ventricle
4. Right Ventricle
What are the four valves of the heart? - Answer✅✅1. Tricuspid
2. Pulmonic
3. Mitral
4. Aortic
Which lung has three lobes? - Answer✅✅Right (upper, middle, lower)
Deoxygenated blood returns to the right atrium via which structures? -
Answer✅✅Superior Vena Cava /Inferior Vena Cava
Deoxygenated blood is sent to the lungs via which artery? - Answer✅✅Pulmonary
Artery
Oxygenated blood from the lungs returns to the heart via which vein? -
Answer✅✅Pulmonary Vein
Where does the pulmonary vein empty into? - Answer✅✅Left atrium
Oxygenated blood is sent to the coronary arteries and body via which structure? -
Answer✅✅Aorta
Which arteries provide oxygenated blood to the myocardium? -
Answer✅✅Coronary Arteries
Where do the coronary arteries originate from? - Answer✅✅Aorta (near the aortic
valve)
, What are the two main coronary arteries? - Answer✅✅Left (LCA) and Right (RCA)
What are the two branches of the left coronary artery (LCA)? -
Answer✅✅Circumflex and left anterior descending artery (LAD)
What are the two branches of the right coronary artery (RCA)? -
Answer✅✅Posterior descending artery (PDA) and marginal artery
Which structures return deoxygenated blood to the right atrium? -
Answer✅✅Coronary veins via the coronary sinus
Where is the cannula inserted for cardioplegia? - Answer✅✅cannula inserted into
aortic root
Where is the cannula inserted for ANTEGRADE pulmonplegia? - Answer✅✅into the
pulmonary artery
Where is the cannula inserted for RETROGRADE pulmonplegia? - Answer✅✅into
the common cuff of left atrium
What are the three steps of Cardio-Pulmonary Isolation? - Answer✅✅1. Aorta is
clamped proximal to arch
2. SVC is ligated (by rommel or umbilical tape)
3. Perfusion pressure forces valves to close
What are the two steps in Thoracic Ventilation? - Answer✅✅1. IVC is transected
2. Left Atrial appendage is transected
What agent is a vasodilator that is injected into the pulmonary artery? -
Answer✅✅Prostaglandin (PGE)
What is the order (1-6) of the cardoplegia route? - Answer✅✅1. Aorta -> 2.
Coronary Arteries -> 3 Coronary Veins -> 4. Coronary Sinus -> 5. Right Atrium -> 6.
IVC
What is the order (1-5) of the ANTEGRADE pulmonplegia route? - Answer✅✅1.
Pulmonary artery -> 2. Lungs -> 3. Pulmonary Veins -> 4. Left Atrium -> 5. Left Atrial
Appendage
What is the order (1-3) of the RETROGRADE pulmonplegia route? - Answer✅✅1.
Pulmonary Veins -> 2. Lungs -> 3. Pulmonary Artery
What are the three steps in heart recovery/cardiectomy? - Answer✅✅1.
Pulmonary artery and veins are transected
2. Aortic arch is transected
3. SVC/IVC are transected