HESI RN Fundamentals Entrance
Exam | Updated 2025/2026 Questions
& Answers
Question 1
A client with a new colostomy asks how to prevent odor. What is the nurse’s best response?
A. Avoid all high-fiber foods.
B. Use a deodorizing pouch and avoid gas-forming foods.
C. Cleanse the stoma with alcohol daily.
D. Change the pouch only when full.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Odor control for a colostomy involves using deodorizing pouches and avoiding
gas-forming foods (e.g., beans, cabbage), per 2025 WOCN guidelines. High-fiber foods (A) are
beneficial for regular output. Alcohol (C) irritates the stoma. Changing pouches only when full
(D) increases leakage risk. This addresses basic care and patient education in the nursing
process.
Question 2
A nurse is preparing to administer a medication via a nasogastric tube. What is the priority
action?
A. Administer the medication quickly.
B. Check tube placement before administration.
C. Flush the tube with saline only.
D. Crush all medications together.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Verifying nasogastric tube placement (e.g., pH testing, X-ray) prevents aspiration, a
critical safety measure, per 2025 ASPEN guidelines. Quick administration (A) risks error.
Saline-only flushing (C) is incomplete; water is standard. Crushing all medications (D) may be
unsafe for certain formulations. This reflects the nursing process (assessment) and safety.
,Question 3
A client with pneumonia is on contact precautions. Which action by the nurse demonstrates
proper infection control?
A. Wearing gloves only during direct care.
B. Wearing gloves and gown when entering the room.
C. Reusing a disposable mask after leaving.
D. Performing hand hygiene only after care.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Contact precautions for pneumonia require gloves and a gown upon room entry to
prevent pathogen spread, per 2025 CDC guidelines. Gloves alone (A) are insufficient. Reusing
masks (C) risks contamination. Hand hygiene (D) is required before and after care. This
addresses infection control and safety.
Question 4
A client reports difficulty swallowing. What is the nurse’s priority intervention?
A. Encourage thin liquids.
B. Assess swallowing ability and refer to speech therapy.
C. Position the client supine during meals.
D. Provide pureed foods immediately.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia) requires assessment to prevent aspiration, followed
by speech therapy referral, per 2025 ANA guidelines. Thin liquids (A) increase aspiration risk.
Supine positioning (C) worsens risk. Pureed foods (D) may be appropriate but require
assessment first. This reflects the nursing process (assessment) and safety.
Question 5
A nurse is assisting a client with diabetes to plan a meal. Which food choice indicates
understanding of nutritional needs?
A. White bread and jelly.
B. Whole-grain rice and steamed vegetables.
C. Fried chicken and soda.
, D. Ice cream and cookies.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Whole-grain rice and steamed vegetables provide complex carbohydrates and fiber,
supporting stable blood glucose, per 2025 ADA guidelines. White bread and jelly (A) cause
rapid glucose spikes. Fried chicken and soda (C) are high in fat and sugar. Ice cream and
cookies (D) are high in simple sugars. This addresses nutrition and patient education.
Question 6
A client is at risk for falls. What is the nurse’s best safety intervention?
A. Keep the bed in the highest position.
B. Ensure the call light is within reach and the room is clutter-free.
C. Restrain the client during the night.
D. Dim the room lighting.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ensuring the call light is accessible and removing clutter reduces fall risk, per 2025
AHRQ guidelines. High bed position (A) increases fall risk. Restraints (C) are a last resort and
require orders. Dim lighting (D) impairs visibility. This addresses safety and basic care.
Question 7
A nurse is performing hand hygiene. Which step ensures proper infection control?
A. Using cold water to wash hands.
B. Rubbing hands for at least 20 seconds with soap.
C. Drying hands with a cloth towel.
D. Applying hand sanitizer without washing first.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rubbing hands with soap for 20 seconds removes pathogens effectively, per 2025
CDC guidelines. Cold water (A) is less effective. Cloth towels (C) may harbor bacteria; paper
towels are preferred. Hand sanitizer (D) is secondary to soap and water when hands are soiled.
This addresses infection control.
Question 8
Exam | Updated 2025/2026 Questions
& Answers
Question 1
A client with a new colostomy asks how to prevent odor. What is the nurse’s best response?
A. Avoid all high-fiber foods.
B. Use a deodorizing pouch and avoid gas-forming foods.
C. Cleanse the stoma with alcohol daily.
D. Change the pouch only when full.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Odor control for a colostomy involves using deodorizing pouches and avoiding
gas-forming foods (e.g., beans, cabbage), per 2025 WOCN guidelines. High-fiber foods (A) are
beneficial for regular output. Alcohol (C) irritates the stoma. Changing pouches only when full
(D) increases leakage risk. This addresses basic care and patient education in the nursing
process.
Question 2
A nurse is preparing to administer a medication via a nasogastric tube. What is the priority
action?
A. Administer the medication quickly.
B. Check tube placement before administration.
C. Flush the tube with saline only.
D. Crush all medications together.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Verifying nasogastric tube placement (e.g., pH testing, X-ray) prevents aspiration, a
critical safety measure, per 2025 ASPEN guidelines. Quick administration (A) risks error.
Saline-only flushing (C) is incomplete; water is standard. Crushing all medications (D) may be
unsafe for certain formulations. This reflects the nursing process (assessment) and safety.
,Question 3
A client with pneumonia is on contact precautions. Which action by the nurse demonstrates
proper infection control?
A. Wearing gloves only during direct care.
B. Wearing gloves and gown when entering the room.
C. Reusing a disposable mask after leaving.
D. Performing hand hygiene only after care.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Contact precautions for pneumonia require gloves and a gown upon room entry to
prevent pathogen spread, per 2025 CDC guidelines. Gloves alone (A) are insufficient. Reusing
masks (C) risks contamination. Hand hygiene (D) is required before and after care. This
addresses infection control and safety.
Question 4
A client reports difficulty swallowing. What is the nurse’s priority intervention?
A. Encourage thin liquids.
B. Assess swallowing ability and refer to speech therapy.
C. Position the client supine during meals.
D. Provide pureed foods immediately.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia) requires assessment to prevent aspiration, followed
by speech therapy referral, per 2025 ANA guidelines. Thin liquids (A) increase aspiration risk.
Supine positioning (C) worsens risk. Pureed foods (D) may be appropriate but require
assessment first. This reflects the nursing process (assessment) and safety.
Question 5
A nurse is assisting a client with diabetes to plan a meal. Which food choice indicates
understanding of nutritional needs?
A. White bread and jelly.
B. Whole-grain rice and steamed vegetables.
C. Fried chicken and soda.
, D. Ice cream and cookies.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Whole-grain rice and steamed vegetables provide complex carbohydrates and fiber,
supporting stable blood glucose, per 2025 ADA guidelines. White bread and jelly (A) cause
rapid glucose spikes. Fried chicken and soda (C) are high in fat and sugar. Ice cream and
cookies (D) are high in simple sugars. This addresses nutrition and patient education.
Question 6
A client is at risk for falls. What is the nurse’s best safety intervention?
A. Keep the bed in the highest position.
B. Ensure the call light is within reach and the room is clutter-free.
C. Restrain the client during the night.
D. Dim the room lighting.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Ensuring the call light is accessible and removing clutter reduces fall risk, per 2025
AHRQ guidelines. High bed position (A) increases fall risk. Restraints (C) are a last resort and
require orders. Dim lighting (D) impairs visibility. This addresses safety and basic care.
Question 7
A nurse is performing hand hygiene. Which step ensures proper infection control?
A. Using cold water to wash hands.
B. Rubbing hands for at least 20 seconds with soap.
C. Drying hands with a cloth towel.
D. Applying hand sanitizer without washing first.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Rubbing hands with soap for 20 seconds removes pathogens effectively, per 2025
CDC guidelines. Cold water (A) is less effective. Cloth towels (C) may harbor bacteria; paper
towels are preferred. Hand sanitizer (D) is secondary to soap and water when hands are soiled.
This addresses infection control.
Question 8
