AHN 572: RESPIRATORY 2 QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS 100% PASS |ALREADY GRADED A+|
VERIFIED AND UPDATED
Effects of Nitric Oxide in ARDS - correct answer-Acts as a pulmonary
muscle relaxant, reduces pulmonary HTN, improves oxygenation,
improves V/Q matching
What does each type of effusion look like?
1. Transudate
2. Exudate
3. Empyema
4. Chylous
5. Hemorrhagic
6. Hemothorax - correct answer-1. Transudate: clear
2. Exudate: cream
3. Empyema: pus, when the milky white cells are centrifuged, there will
be a clear supernatant above the pellet white cells
,4. Chylous: when the milky white cells are centrifuged, there will be a
turbid supernatant above the pellet white cells
5. Hemorrhagic pleural fluid: mix of blood and pleural fluid
6. Hemothorax: gross blood
A clear effluent is associated with what type of pleural effusion? -
correct answer-Transudative
A creamy effluent is associated with what type of pleural effusion? -
correct answer-Exudative
A pus-like effluent is associated with what type of effusion? - correct
answer-Empyema
A milky-white turbid effluent is associated with what type of effusion? -
correct answer-Chylous
,A mix of blood and pleural fluid is associated with what type of
effusion? - correct answer-Hemorrhagic pleural fluid
A gross blood effluent is associated with what type of effusion? - correct
answer-Hemothorax
Primary pathologic pulmonary hypertension - correct answer-An
increase in pulmonary vascular resistance that leads to an increase in
the pulmonary systolic pressure greater than 30mmHg or the mean
pressure greater than 20 mmHg. (CMDT pg 300)
Initial Tx for PE - correct answer-1. Heparin: weight based dosing to
keep the PTT at 2-2.5X control Check PTT Q6
2. LMW Heparin: 1mg/kg SQ Q12 hrs with no lab tests and lower risk for
bleeding & Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia
, 3. Warfarin: Begin at confirmed diagnosis of PE, 5-10mg PO, continue
heparin until therapeutic INR of 2-2.5 x 3 days (heparin bridge therapy).
3-6 months for initial PE and 6-12 months for concurrent PE.
Treatment for Stage II NSCLC: - correct answer-Surgical resection with
adjuvant chemotherapy with Cisplatin plus Vinorelbine 6-8 weeks post
surgery for 4 cycles
5 year survival rate for stage IV NSCLC: - correct answer-13%
Medications for limited stage small cell carcinoma - correct answer-1.
Has dramatic response to first-line chemotherapy and radiation. Surgery
is not routinely recommended.
2. Cisplatin or Carboplatin (platinum agents) and Etoposide for 4-6
cycles
3. An alternative option for those who may not be able to tolerate the
platinum based regimen: Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Vincristine
Anion Gap Calculation - correct answer-AG = [Na] - ([Cl]+[HCO3])
ANSWERS 100% PASS |ALREADY GRADED A+|
VERIFIED AND UPDATED
Effects of Nitric Oxide in ARDS - correct answer-Acts as a pulmonary
muscle relaxant, reduces pulmonary HTN, improves oxygenation,
improves V/Q matching
What does each type of effusion look like?
1. Transudate
2. Exudate
3. Empyema
4. Chylous
5. Hemorrhagic
6. Hemothorax - correct answer-1. Transudate: clear
2. Exudate: cream
3. Empyema: pus, when the milky white cells are centrifuged, there will
be a clear supernatant above the pellet white cells
,4. Chylous: when the milky white cells are centrifuged, there will be a
turbid supernatant above the pellet white cells
5. Hemorrhagic pleural fluid: mix of blood and pleural fluid
6. Hemothorax: gross blood
A clear effluent is associated with what type of pleural effusion? -
correct answer-Transudative
A creamy effluent is associated with what type of pleural effusion? -
correct answer-Exudative
A pus-like effluent is associated with what type of effusion? - correct
answer-Empyema
A milky-white turbid effluent is associated with what type of effusion? -
correct answer-Chylous
,A mix of blood and pleural fluid is associated with what type of
effusion? - correct answer-Hemorrhagic pleural fluid
A gross blood effluent is associated with what type of effusion? - correct
answer-Hemothorax
Primary pathologic pulmonary hypertension - correct answer-An
increase in pulmonary vascular resistance that leads to an increase in
the pulmonary systolic pressure greater than 30mmHg or the mean
pressure greater than 20 mmHg. (CMDT pg 300)
Initial Tx for PE - correct answer-1. Heparin: weight based dosing to
keep the PTT at 2-2.5X control Check PTT Q6
2. LMW Heparin: 1mg/kg SQ Q12 hrs with no lab tests and lower risk for
bleeding & Heparin Induced Thrombocytopenia
, 3. Warfarin: Begin at confirmed diagnosis of PE, 5-10mg PO, continue
heparin until therapeutic INR of 2-2.5 x 3 days (heparin bridge therapy).
3-6 months for initial PE and 6-12 months for concurrent PE.
Treatment for Stage II NSCLC: - correct answer-Surgical resection with
adjuvant chemotherapy with Cisplatin plus Vinorelbine 6-8 weeks post
surgery for 4 cycles
5 year survival rate for stage IV NSCLC: - correct answer-13%
Medications for limited stage small cell carcinoma - correct answer-1.
Has dramatic response to first-line chemotherapy and radiation. Surgery
is not routinely recommended.
2. Cisplatin or Carboplatin (platinum agents) and Etoposide for 4-6
cycles
3. An alternative option for those who may not be able to tolerate the
platinum based regimen: Cyclophosphamide, Doxorubicin, Vincristine
Anion Gap Calculation - correct answer-AG = [Na] - ([Cl]+[HCO3])
