The Language of Medicine.pdf

THE LANGUAGE OF MEDICINE, 12TH ED. BY
DAVI-ELLEN CHABNER - CHAPTER 2
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
GRADED A+ 2025

anabolismc-
ccCORRECTcANSWERSProcesscofcbuildingcupclargecproteinscfromcsmallcproteincpiecesccalledcaminoc


acids.cAna-cmeanscup,cbolcmeansctoccast,candc-ismciscacprocess.



catabolismc-
ccCORRECTcANSWERSProcesscwherebyccomplexcnutrientscarecbrokencdownctocsimplercsubstancesc


andcenergyciscreleased.cCata-cmeanscdown,cbolcmeansctoccast,candc-ismciscacprocess.



cellcmembranec-
ccCORRECTcANSWERSStructurecsurroundingcandcprotectingctheccell.cItcdeterminescwhatcenterscand


cleavesctheccell.




chromosomesc-ccCORRECTcANSWERSRod-
shapedcstructurescincthecnucleuscthatccontaincregionscofcDNAccalledcgenes.cTherecarec46cchromoso
mesc(23cpairs)cinceveryccellcexceptcforctheceggcandcspermccells,cwhichccontainconlyc23cindividual,cun
pairedcchromosomes.



cytoplasmc-
ccCORRECTcANSWERSAllcofcthecmaterialcthatciscoutsidecthecnucleuscandcyetccontainedcwithincthecce


llcmembrane.



DNAc-
ccCORRECTcANSWERSChemicalcfoundcwithinceachcchromosome.cArrangedclikecacsequencecofcrecip


escinccode,citcdirectscthecactivitiescofctheccell.

,endoplasmiccreticulumc-
ccCORRECTcANSWERSNetworkcofccanalscwithinctheccytoplasmcofctheccell.cHere,clargecproteinscarec


madecfromcsmallercproteincpieces.



genesc-ccCORRECTcANSWERSRegionscofcDNAcwithinceachcchromosome.



karyotypec-
ccCORRECTcANSWERSPicturec(classification)cofcchromosomescincthecnucleuscofcaccell.cThecchromos


omescarecarrangedcincnumericalcorderctocdeterminectheircnumbercandcstructure.



metabolismc-
ccCORRECTcANSWERSTotalcofcthecchemicalcprocessescincaccell.cItcincludesccatabolismcandcanabolis


m.cMeta-cmeanscchange,cbolcmeansctoccast,candc-ismcmeanscacprocess.



mitochondriac-ccCORRECTcANSWERSRod-
shapedcstructurescinctheccytoplasmcthatcprovidecthecprincipalcsourcecofcenergyc(miniaturec"powerc
plants")cforctheccell.cCatabolismciscthecprocesscthatcoccurscincmitochondria.c(FromcthecGreekcmitosc
meaningcthreadcandcchondrioncmeaningcgranule.)



nucleusc-
ccCORRECTcANSWERSControlccentercofctheccell.cItccontainscchromosomescandcdirectscthecactivitiesc


ofctheccell.



adiposectissuec-ccCORRECTcANSWERSCollectioncofcfatccells.



cartilagec-
ccCORRECTcANSWERSFlexiblecconnectivectissuecoftencattachedctocbonescatcjoints.cCartilagecformscp


artcofcthecexternalcearcandcthecnose.cRingscofccartilagecsurroundcthectrachea.

, epithelialccellsc-
ccCORRECTcANSWERSSkinccellscthatccovercthecoutsidecofcthecbodycandclinecthecinternalcsurfacescofc


organs.



histologistc-ccCORRECTcANSWERSSpecialistcincthecstudycofctissues.



larynxc-ccCORRECTcANSWERS(LAH-RINKS)cVoicecbox;clocatedcabovecthectrachea.c



laryngitisc-cinflammationcofcthecvoicecbox



pharynxc-ccCORRECTcANSWERS"(FAH-RINKS)cThroat.c



Thecpharynxcservescasctheccommoncpassagewaycforcfoodc(fromcthecmouthcgoingctocthecesophagus
)candcairc(fromcthecnosectocthectrachea).cHINT:cNotecthatc"y"ccomescbeforec"n"cincbothcpharynxcand
clarynx.




pituitarycglandc-
ccCORRECTcANSWERSEndocrinecglandcatcthecbasecofcthecbrain.cHINT:cBeccarefulcspellingcpituitary;cit


ccontainsc2ci's.




thyroidcglandc-ccCORRECTcANSWERSEndocrinecglandcthatcsurroundscthectracheacincthecneck.



tracheac-
ccCORRECTcANSWERSWindpipec(tubecleadingcfromcthecthroatcandclarynxctocthecbronchialctubes.)




ureterc-
ccCORRECTcANSWERSOnecofctwoctubes,ceachcleadingcfromcacsingleckidneyctocthecurinarycbladder.cS


pellingcclue:cUreterchasctwoce's,candctherecarectwocureters.