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NUR 265 EXAM 1 - ADVANCED CONCEPTS OF
MEDICAL NURSING EXAM 1 VERIFIED
QUESTIONS & 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS |
COMPLETELY UPDATED 2025–2026 EDITION A+
PERFORMANCE GUARANTEED
In nephrotic syndrome, severe protein loss in the urine is greater than what? -
ANSWER: 3.5g in 24 hours
What is nephrotic syndrome treated with? - ANSWER: - immunosuppressant
agents (if immunity based).
-ACE inhibitors (decreased protein loss in urine)
-statins (improve blood lipid levels).
-Heparin (used to treat vascular effects and improve kidney function)
Describe the "risk" stage for AKI - ANSWER: creatinine x 1.5 of normal, and
GFR reduced by 25%
Describe the "injury" stage for AKI - ANSWER: creatinine x2 & GFR reduced by
50%
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Describe the "failure" stage for AKI - ANSWER: creatinine x3 normal, & GFR
reduced by 75% (Cant fix)
Describe Prerenal AKI. Give examples. - ANSWER: Decreased perfusion to
kidneys.
-NSAIDs
-Severe dehydration
-Renal artery stenosis
-MI or HF resulting in low ejection fraction and low cardiac output
-Blood/ fluid loss
What is nephrotic syndrome? - ANSWER: A condition of increased glomerular
permeability that allows larger molecules to pass through the membrane into the
urine and then be excreted.
What are key features of nephrotic syndrome? - ANSWER: -*Massive
proteinuria*
-*Hypoalbuminemia*
-*Edema (facial and periorbital)*
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-Lipiduria
-Hyperlipidemia
-Increased coagulation
-Reduced kidney function
Describe Intrarenal AKI. Give examples. - ANSWER: Tissue damage to the actual
kidneys.
-Glomerulonephritis or inflammation of the glomeruli
-Sepsis
-Intrarenal bleeding
-Pyelonephritis
Describe Postrenal AKI. Give examples. - ANSWER: Obstruction that occurs
after the kidney.
-Enlarged prostate (BPH)
-Bladder Cancer
-Kidney stones
, 4|Page
How do you determine the mean arterial pressure (MAP)? - ANSWER:
Systolic + (Diastolic*2) /3
What is the MAP needed to perfuse the kidneys? - ANSWER: 65 mmHg
What are examples of nephrotoxic drugs? - ANSWER: -NSAIDS
-Metformin
-Diuretics
-Antibiotics (especially -mycin)
-Contrast dye
During the diuretic phase of AKI, what needs to be monitored? - ANSWER:
Watch for dehydration and make sure output is greater than input
What are the dietary restrictions for an AKI patient? - ANSWER: -Low protein
NUR 265 EXAM 1 - ADVANCED CONCEPTS OF
MEDICAL NURSING EXAM 1 VERIFIED
QUESTIONS & 100% ACCURATE ANSWERS |
COMPLETELY UPDATED 2025–2026 EDITION A+
PERFORMANCE GUARANTEED
In nephrotic syndrome, severe protein loss in the urine is greater than what? -
ANSWER: 3.5g in 24 hours
What is nephrotic syndrome treated with? - ANSWER: - immunosuppressant
agents (if immunity based).
-ACE inhibitors (decreased protein loss in urine)
-statins (improve blood lipid levels).
-Heparin (used to treat vascular effects and improve kidney function)
Describe the "risk" stage for AKI - ANSWER: creatinine x 1.5 of normal, and
GFR reduced by 25%
Describe the "injury" stage for AKI - ANSWER: creatinine x2 & GFR reduced by
50%
,2|Page
Describe the "failure" stage for AKI - ANSWER: creatinine x3 normal, & GFR
reduced by 75% (Cant fix)
Describe Prerenal AKI. Give examples. - ANSWER: Decreased perfusion to
kidneys.
-NSAIDs
-Severe dehydration
-Renal artery stenosis
-MI or HF resulting in low ejection fraction and low cardiac output
-Blood/ fluid loss
What is nephrotic syndrome? - ANSWER: A condition of increased glomerular
permeability that allows larger molecules to pass through the membrane into the
urine and then be excreted.
What are key features of nephrotic syndrome? - ANSWER: -*Massive
proteinuria*
-*Hypoalbuminemia*
-*Edema (facial and periorbital)*
,3|Page
-Lipiduria
-Hyperlipidemia
-Increased coagulation
-Reduced kidney function
Describe Intrarenal AKI. Give examples. - ANSWER: Tissue damage to the actual
kidneys.
-Glomerulonephritis or inflammation of the glomeruli
-Sepsis
-Intrarenal bleeding
-Pyelonephritis
Describe Postrenal AKI. Give examples. - ANSWER: Obstruction that occurs
after the kidney.
-Enlarged prostate (BPH)
-Bladder Cancer
-Kidney stones
, 4|Page
How do you determine the mean arterial pressure (MAP)? - ANSWER:
Systolic + (Diastolic*2) /3
What is the MAP needed to perfuse the kidneys? - ANSWER: 65 mmHg
What are examples of nephrotoxic drugs? - ANSWER: -NSAIDS
-Metformin
-Diuretics
-Antibiotics (especially -mycin)
-Contrast dye
During the diuretic phase of AKI, what needs to be monitored? - ANSWER:
Watch for dehydration and make sure output is greater than input
What are the dietary restrictions for an AKI patient? - ANSWER: -Low protein
