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IPM Principle #1 - Answer✅✅determine the exact pest you are dealing with (or if
it's not a pest at all, but a problem with nutrition or water, etc.)
healthy plants - Answer✅✅have fewer pest problems; are less likely to be seriously
damaged when pests do occur
use pesticides - Answer✅✅only when needed
indicator plants - Answer✅✅plants that are first affected by pests (example --
check rose bushes to see if you have a Japanese beetle problem, as they are the first
place they will go)
Cultural control methods - Answer✅✅placement of plants, irrigation, fertilization
(choosing correct site is key)
, biological control - Answer✅✅the control of a pest by the introduction of a natural
enemy or predator, such as nematodes or predator wasps
mechanical control - Answer✅✅physical removal of invasive species (hand-
weeding, trapping insects)
chemical control - Answer✅✅pesticides, herbicides
drift - Answer✅✅movement of pesticide through the air away from target site
particle drift - Answer✅✅movement of droplets or dust away from target area
during pesticide application
vapor drift - Answer✅✅Movement of pesticides as gaseous vapors from the target
area (during or after application)
buffer - Answer✅✅a non-treated zone between target area and sensitive areas,
such as streams, ponds, and drains
pesticides in the soil - Answer✅✅Are eventually broken down by bacteria and fungi
Goal of IPM program (Integrated Pest Management) - Answer✅✅to produce
healthy plants that can resist pests
hand lens for insect identification - Answer✅✅5 power to 10 power
cultural practice for turgrass - Answer✅✅proper cultivar selected, proper site prep,
mowing, thatch removal, correct watering and fertilization
Fescue and Kentucky bluegrass - Answer✅✅cool season grass
Bermudagrass, Centipedegrass, Zoysiagrass, Bahiagrass - Answer✅✅warm season
grasses
perennial ryegrass used for - Answer✅✅overseeding warm season grass for winter
color
Piedmont region - Answer✅✅transitional zone (in Southeast) where both warm
and cool season grasses are used
Mountains - Answer✅✅southeast geographical region where cool season grasses
do well
Cultivars - Answer✅✅genetically different groups within a species
proper mowing height - Answer✅✅removes no more than 1/3 of the grass blade