BIO 201 UNCW Cell Biology- Exam 2 Questions With
Complete Solutions
2 major stages of photosynthesis Correct Answers 1. light
reactions
2. Calvin cycle
2 phases of pyruvate translocation Correct Answers conversion
phase, translocation phase
2 steps of oxidative phosphorylation Correct Answers 1.
electron transport chain
2. chemiosmosis
2 ways to transfer energy in photosystems Correct Answers
resonance and reduction/oxidation
3 phases of calvin cycle Correct Answers carbon fixation,
reduction, regeneration of RuBP
4 stages of cellular respiration Correct Answers 1. glycolysis
2. pyruvate oxidation
3. citric acid cycle
4. oxidative phosphorylation
absorption spectrum Correct Answers plots a pigment's light
absorption versus wavelength
accessory pigments Correct Answers broadens the spectrum
used for photosynthesis (action spectrum)
,Acetyl CoA Correct Answers Acetyl coenzyme A; the entry
compound for the citric acid cycle in cellular respiration, formed
from a fragment of pyruvate attached to a coenzyme.
activation energy Correct Answers the minimum amount of
energy required to start a chemical reaction
activator Correct Answers A protein that binds to DNA and
stimulates transcription of a specific gene.
active site Correct Answers a region on an enzyme that binds to
a protein or other substance during a reaction.
aerobic respiration Correct Answers Respiration that requires
oxygen
After ATP donates a phosphate group in a coupled reaction, it
becomes ADP. The ADP can be converted back to ATP in a(an)
____ reaction Correct Answers endergonic
alcoholic fermentation Correct Answers the anaerobic process
by which yeasts and other microorganisms break down sugars to
form carbon dioxide and ethanol
Allosteric enzymes have Correct Answers regions that bind
with inhibitor or activator molecules.
allosteric regulation Correct Answers occurs when a regulatory
molecule binds to a protein at one site and affects the protein's
function at another site
,An apple tree grows fruit through photosynthesis, in which
carbon dioxide gas combines with water to form glucose. This is
an example of Correct Answers anabolism
An enzyme may catalyze a reaction by stressing or destabilizing
the bonds of the substrates to bring the reaction to a point from
which it proceeds spontaneously. This critical point in the
enzymatic reaction is known as the Correct Answers transition
state
anabolic Correct Answers A process in which large molecules
are built from small molecules (photosynthesis)
anaerobic respiration Correct Answers Respiration in the
absence of oxygen. This produces lactic acid.
arrange the electron acceptors (molecules being reduced) in
order from highest to lowest with the respect to the energy of the
electrons they accept. 1 = Cytochrome c
2 = Oxygen
3 = Cytochrome c oxidase Correct Answers 1,3,2
Assume a thylakoid is somehow punctured so that the interior of
the thylakoid is no longer separated from the stroma. This
damage will have the most direct effect on which process?
Correct Answers the synthesis of ATP
ATP Correct Answers (adenosine triphosphate) main energy
source that cells use for most of their work
, ATP hydrolysis Correct Answers ATP is converted to ADP &
phosphate energized myosin heads (removal of phosphate) need
energy
ATP synthase Correct Answers Large protein that uses energy
from H+ ions to bind ADP and a phosphate group together to
produce ATP
Autotroph Correct Answers An organism that makes its own
food
Because of its location in the electron transfer chain, delivery of
electrons from each NADH molecule results in the generation of
____ ATPs. Correct Answers 3
Below is the summary formula of photosynthesis, another
biologically important metabolic process:
6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2
Which atoms are being reduced and oxidized in this process?
Correct Answers carbon is being reduced and oxygen is
oxidized
biological specificity Correct Answers the tendency of a
characteristic such as a behavior or a biochemical variation to
occur in a particular species.
Calvin Cycle Correct Answers reactions of photosynthesis in
which energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-
energy compounds such as sugars
Complete Solutions
2 major stages of photosynthesis Correct Answers 1. light
reactions
2. Calvin cycle
2 phases of pyruvate translocation Correct Answers conversion
phase, translocation phase
2 steps of oxidative phosphorylation Correct Answers 1.
electron transport chain
2. chemiosmosis
2 ways to transfer energy in photosystems Correct Answers
resonance and reduction/oxidation
3 phases of calvin cycle Correct Answers carbon fixation,
reduction, regeneration of RuBP
4 stages of cellular respiration Correct Answers 1. glycolysis
2. pyruvate oxidation
3. citric acid cycle
4. oxidative phosphorylation
absorption spectrum Correct Answers plots a pigment's light
absorption versus wavelength
accessory pigments Correct Answers broadens the spectrum
used for photosynthesis (action spectrum)
,Acetyl CoA Correct Answers Acetyl coenzyme A; the entry
compound for the citric acid cycle in cellular respiration, formed
from a fragment of pyruvate attached to a coenzyme.
activation energy Correct Answers the minimum amount of
energy required to start a chemical reaction
activator Correct Answers A protein that binds to DNA and
stimulates transcription of a specific gene.
active site Correct Answers a region on an enzyme that binds to
a protein or other substance during a reaction.
aerobic respiration Correct Answers Respiration that requires
oxygen
After ATP donates a phosphate group in a coupled reaction, it
becomes ADP. The ADP can be converted back to ATP in a(an)
____ reaction Correct Answers endergonic
alcoholic fermentation Correct Answers the anaerobic process
by which yeasts and other microorganisms break down sugars to
form carbon dioxide and ethanol
Allosteric enzymes have Correct Answers regions that bind
with inhibitor or activator molecules.
allosteric regulation Correct Answers occurs when a regulatory
molecule binds to a protein at one site and affects the protein's
function at another site
,An apple tree grows fruit through photosynthesis, in which
carbon dioxide gas combines with water to form glucose. This is
an example of Correct Answers anabolism
An enzyme may catalyze a reaction by stressing or destabilizing
the bonds of the substrates to bring the reaction to a point from
which it proceeds spontaneously. This critical point in the
enzymatic reaction is known as the Correct Answers transition
state
anabolic Correct Answers A process in which large molecules
are built from small molecules (photosynthesis)
anaerobic respiration Correct Answers Respiration in the
absence of oxygen. This produces lactic acid.
arrange the electron acceptors (molecules being reduced) in
order from highest to lowest with the respect to the energy of the
electrons they accept. 1 = Cytochrome c
2 = Oxygen
3 = Cytochrome c oxidase Correct Answers 1,3,2
Assume a thylakoid is somehow punctured so that the interior of
the thylakoid is no longer separated from the stroma. This
damage will have the most direct effect on which process?
Correct Answers the synthesis of ATP
ATP Correct Answers (adenosine triphosphate) main energy
source that cells use for most of their work
, ATP hydrolysis Correct Answers ATP is converted to ADP &
phosphate energized myosin heads (removal of phosphate) need
energy
ATP synthase Correct Answers Large protein that uses energy
from H+ ions to bind ADP and a phosphate group together to
produce ATP
Autotroph Correct Answers An organism that makes its own
food
Because of its location in the electron transfer chain, delivery of
electrons from each NADH molecule results in the generation of
____ ATPs. Correct Answers 3
Below is the summary formula of photosynthesis, another
biologically important metabolic process:
6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2
Which atoms are being reduced and oxidized in this process?
Correct Answers carbon is being reduced and oxygen is
oxidized
biological specificity Correct Answers the tendency of a
characteristic such as a behavior or a biochemical variation to
occur in a particular species.
Calvin Cycle Correct Answers reactions of photosynthesis in
which energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-
energy compounds such as sugars
