WELL DETAILED ANSWERS|LATEST
Bilirubin crystals - ANSWER result from excess level of bilirubin in urine, a few may be
normal in male dogs
Ammonium biurate crystals - ANSWER thorny apple appearance
Calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals - ANSWER
calcium oxalate dihydrate crystals - ANSWER
Struvite crystals - ANSWER
white blood cells in urine and expected number - ANSWER larger than RBCs
up to 5
red blood cells in urine and expected number - ANSWER smaller than WBCs
up to 5
transitional cells in urine - ANSWER
squamous cells in urine - ANSWER
1
,types of epithelial cells found in urine - ANSWER renal tubule
squamous
transitional
Hyaline casts in urine - ANSWER
fatty casts in urine - ANSWER
granular cast in urine - ANSWER
cause of casts in urine - ANSWER decreased urine flow, concentrated urine, acidic
urine
urine casts - ANSWER cylindrical molds from renal tubule lumen
common findings in urine microscopic evaluation - ANSWER blood cells
casts
epithelial cells
crystals
lipid droplets
sperm
List the substances commonly measured using a urine reagent test strip - ANSWER pH
protein
glucose
2
, ketones
heme
bilirubin
What does bilirubin in urine mean? - ANSWER liver disease
product of breakdown of hemoglobin as old RBCs are removed from circulation
What does protein in urine mean? - ANSWER Glomerular Damage *** DONT want to
see protein in the urine
What does ketones in urine mean? - ANSWER conversion of carb to fat metabolism
during starvation
What are the ketones found in urine? - ANSWER acetone
beta-hydroxybutyric acid
acetoacetic acid
What does glucose in urine mean? - ANSWER diabetes mellitus
stress
renal dysfunction (should not be filtered)
normal urine pH - ANSWER 6-7.5
3
Bilirubin crystals - ANSWER result from excess level of bilirubin in urine, a few may be
normal in male dogs
Ammonium biurate crystals - ANSWER thorny apple appearance
Calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals - ANSWER
calcium oxalate dihydrate crystals - ANSWER
Struvite crystals - ANSWER
white blood cells in urine and expected number - ANSWER larger than RBCs
up to 5
red blood cells in urine and expected number - ANSWER smaller than WBCs
up to 5
transitional cells in urine - ANSWER
squamous cells in urine - ANSWER
1
,types of epithelial cells found in urine - ANSWER renal tubule
squamous
transitional
Hyaline casts in urine - ANSWER
fatty casts in urine - ANSWER
granular cast in urine - ANSWER
cause of casts in urine - ANSWER decreased urine flow, concentrated urine, acidic
urine
urine casts - ANSWER cylindrical molds from renal tubule lumen
common findings in urine microscopic evaluation - ANSWER blood cells
casts
epithelial cells
crystals
lipid droplets
sperm
List the substances commonly measured using a urine reagent test strip - ANSWER pH
protein
glucose
2
, ketones
heme
bilirubin
What does bilirubin in urine mean? - ANSWER liver disease
product of breakdown of hemoglobin as old RBCs are removed from circulation
What does protein in urine mean? - ANSWER Glomerular Damage *** DONT want to
see protein in the urine
What does ketones in urine mean? - ANSWER conversion of carb to fat metabolism
during starvation
What are the ketones found in urine? - ANSWER acetone
beta-hydroxybutyric acid
acetoacetic acid
What does glucose in urine mean? - ANSWER diabetes mellitus
stress
renal dysfunction (should not be filtered)
normal urine pH - ANSWER 6-7.5
3
