NUR 165 ECPI Final Actual Exam Review –
Complete 2025/2026 Questions and Answers for
Effective Study
Overview:
Prepare confidently for the NUR 165 ECPI Final Exam with this comprehensive review
guide, updated for 2025/2026. Featuring a collection of practice questions with answers, this
resource helps nursing students reinforce key concepts, improve retention, and boost exam
readiness. Ideal for learners aiming to excel in their final assessment, it provides a focused
approach to reviewing essential course content efficiently.
When is action of glucagon initiated in the body?
When blood glucose falls below 70mg/dl
Describe Type 2 diabetes
Type 2 diabetes usually has a gradual onset. It is most common among middle-
aged and older adults who are obese or overweight. Heredity does play a role as
offspring have a 15% greater chance of developing the disease - it is a dominant
inheritance. The age of onset peaks in the 50s, and 60-80% are obese.
- Insulin continues to be produced in the body, but the insulin receptors become
desensitized and eventually do not respond to the insulin even though the body
may be pumping out great amounts of insulin. OR there may be decreased insulin
secretion as well. With a type 2 diabetic, it can go either way.
What are the signs and symptoms of type 2 diabetes?
fatigue, polyuria, polydipsia, vaginal infections & UTIs, blurry vision since high
glucose levels will cause this, skin wounds that heal poorly; HOWEVER a lot of
times there are NO symptoms at all and the person does not even know they
have diabetes until they go in to the doctor for an unrelated problem such as a
vascular or neural complication.
What should initial treatment be for a type 2 diabetic?
Initial treatment should be DIET AND EXERCISE!
,Treatment in addition to diet and exercise should include...?
sulfonlurea therapy is effective for most patients - these are oral diabetic drugs
specific for type 2 diabetics. Insulin is also required for 20-30% of type 2s
Can type 2 diabetes be prevented?
YES! it can be prevented or delayed by weight loss and increased physical activity
What ethnicities are more at risk for getting type 2 diabetes?
African Americans, Mexican Americans, American Indians, Asian Americans,
Pacific Islanders
What are other major risk factors for type 2 diabetes?
Age over 40 years with a BMI greater than 25
Inactive lifestyle
Heredity link
If you delivered a baby over 9 lbs
Hypertensive with a BP over 140/90
Have any history of vascular disease
Have metabolic syndrome X
What is "metabolic syndrome"? What factors must be present?
1) abdominal obesity: male must have a waist of over 40 inches, a female with a
waist over 35 inches
2) hyperglycemiaa present with an elevated glucose over 100 mg/dl
3) Hypertensive with a BP over 130/85
4) Dyslipidema with a triglyceride level over 150 mg/dl
If you have metabolic syndrome, what other diseases are you more at risk for?
Arthrosclerosis
CVA - stroke
CAD - coronary artery disease
Early death
How do you "test positive" for diabetes?
, 1) Fasting plasma glucose test: must have a blood glucose level of greater than
126 mg/dl or more on 2 occasions. Fasting means that you did not eat for 8 hours
prior.
2) Random plasma glucose: tested at any time even after eating; had a level of
greater than 200 on more than one occasion
3) 2-hr plasma glucose test: using a 75 gram glucose load, the patient is tested at
hour intervals - a normal person's blood sugar would go up initially, and then go
down. A diabetic's would go up and stay up. to test positive, you must have
greater than 200 after 2 hours on more than one occasion
Oral Glucose tolerance test, when is this test used to diagnose for diabetes?
Used when person is pregnant to diagnose gestational diabetes, however not the
test of choice because it is costly and inconvenient compared with fasting blood
glucose measures.
What is the preferred test to diagnose for diabetes?
the fasting blood glucose test
How would someone classify as pre-diabetic?
fasting glucose: 100-125
oral glucose tolerance: 140-200
What does the nurse need to teach about exercise to the diabetic?
Exercise is very important to do for a diabetic, but there are risks - teach the
patient to check their blood glucose before, during and after exercise and if their
blood sugar is greater than 250, they need to check their urine for ketones. This
indicate that their insulin levels are not adequate
Exercise puts the diabetic at risk for hypoglycemia and they need to be taught to
not exercise within one hour of taking insulin injections or to exercise during the
peak time of the insulin's action.
However, exercising is very important and the diabetic should be taught that they
should start off slowly to improve their hypertension, promote cardio fitness,
assist with weight loss and improve blood lipids
Monitoring glucose: if on insulin must check blood sugar how many times a day?
Complete 2025/2026 Questions and Answers for
Effective Study
Overview:
Prepare confidently for the NUR 165 ECPI Final Exam with this comprehensive review
guide, updated for 2025/2026. Featuring a collection of practice questions with answers, this
resource helps nursing students reinforce key concepts, improve retention, and boost exam
readiness. Ideal for learners aiming to excel in their final assessment, it provides a focused
approach to reviewing essential course content efficiently.
When is action of glucagon initiated in the body?
When blood glucose falls below 70mg/dl
Describe Type 2 diabetes
Type 2 diabetes usually has a gradual onset. It is most common among middle-
aged and older adults who are obese or overweight. Heredity does play a role as
offspring have a 15% greater chance of developing the disease - it is a dominant
inheritance. The age of onset peaks in the 50s, and 60-80% are obese.
- Insulin continues to be produced in the body, but the insulin receptors become
desensitized and eventually do not respond to the insulin even though the body
may be pumping out great amounts of insulin. OR there may be decreased insulin
secretion as well. With a type 2 diabetic, it can go either way.
What are the signs and symptoms of type 2 diabetes?
fatigue, polyuria, polydipsia, vaginal infections & UTIs, blurry vision since high
glucose levels will cause this, skin wounds that heal poorly; HOWEVER a lot of
times there are NO symptoms at all and the person does not even know they
have diabetes until they go in to the doctor for an unrelated problem such as a
vascular or neural complication.
What should initial treatment be for a type 2 diabetic?
Initial treatment should be DIET AND EXERCISE!
,Treatment in addition to diet and exercise should include...?
sulfonlurea therapy is effective for most patients - these are oral diabetic drugs
specific for type 2 diabetics. Insulin is also required for 20-30% of type 2s
Can type 2 diabetes be prevented?
YES! it can be prevented or delayed by weight loss and increased physical activity
What ethnicities are more at risk for getting type 2 diabetes?
African Americans, Mexican Americans, American Indians, Asian Americans,
Pacific Islanders
What are other major risk factors for type 2 diabetes?
Age over 40 years with a BMI greater than 25
Inactive lifestyle
Heredity link
If you delivered a baby over 9 lbs
Hypertensive with a BP over 140/90
Have any history of vascular disease
Have metabolic syndrome X
What is "metabolic syndrome"? What factors must be present?
1) abdominal obesity: male must have a waist of over 40 inches, a female with a
waist over 35 inches
2) hyperglycemiaa present with an elevated glucose over 100 mg/dl
3) Hypertensive with a BP over 130/85
4) Dyslipidema with a triglyceride level over 150 mg/dl
If you have metabolic syndrome, what other diseases are you more at risk for?
Arthrosclerosis
CVA - stroke
CAD - coronary artery disease
Early death
How do you "test positive" for diabetes?
, 1) Fasting plasma glucose test: must have a blood glucose level of greater than
126 mg/dl or more on 2 occasions. Fasting means that you did not eat for 8 hours
prior.
2) Random plasma glucose: tested at any time even after eating; had a level of
greater than 200 on more than one occasion
3) 2-hr plasma glucose test: using a 75 gram glucose load, the patient is tested at
hour intervals - a normal person's blood sugar would go up initially, and then go
down. A diabetic's would go up and stay up. to test positive, you must have
greater than 200 after 2 hours on more than one occasion
Oral Glucose tolerance test, when is this test used to diagnose for diabetes?
Used when person is pregnant to diagnose gestational diabetes, however not the
test of choice because it is costly and inconvenient compared with fasting blood
glucose measures.
What is the preferred test to diagnose for diabetes?
the fasting blood glucose test
How would someone classify as pre-diabetic?
fasting glucose: 100-125
oral glucose tolerance: 140-200
What does the nurse need to teach about exercise to the diabetic?
Exercise is very important to do for a diabetic, but there are risks - teach the
patient to check their blood glucose before, during and after exercise and if their
blood sugar is greater than 250, they need to check their urine for ketones. This
indicate that their insulin levels are not adequate
Exercise puts the diabetic at risk for hypoglycemia and they need to be taught to
not exercise within one hour of taking insulin injections or to exercise during the
peak time of the insulin's action.
However, exercising is very important and the diabetic should be taught that they
should start off slowly to improve their hypertension, promote cardio fitness,
assist with weight loss and improve blood lipids
Monitoring glucose: if on insulin must check blood sugar how many times a day?
