EMT Emergency Care 14th Edition Module #5: Chapters 29-35 Exam with verified review questions & answers. 2025/2026
Bleeding from an artery, which is characterized by bright red blood that is rapid,
Arterial bleeding profuse, and difficult to control
capillary bleeding bleeding from capillaries, which is characterized by a slow, oozing flow of blood
Shock, or lack of perfusion, brought on not by blood loss, but by inadequate
pumping action of the heart. It is often the result of a heart attack or congestive
cardiogenic shock heart failure.
when the patient is developing shock but the body is still able to maintain perfusion
compensated shock
when the body can no longer compensate for low blood volume, or lack of perfusion.
decompenstated shock Late signs such as decreasing blood pressure become evident.
hypo perfusion due to a lack of blood vessel tone. Blood vessel dilation leads to
distributive shock decreased pressure within the circulatory system
hemorrhage bleeding
hemorrhagic shock shock resulting from blood loss
substances applied as powders, dressings, gauze, or bandages to open wounds to
hemostatic agents stop bleeding
the body's inability to adequately circulate blood to the body's cells to supply them
hypoperfusion with oxygen and nutrients
hypovolemic shock shock resulting from blood or fluid loss
Neurogenic shock occurs when hypoperfusion caused by spinal cord injury that results in systemic vasodilation
a term commonly used to describe the different conditions that block the flow of
obstructive shock blood and cause hypoperfusion
the supply of oxygen to and removal of wastes from the body's cells and tissues as
perfusion a result of the flow of blood through the capillaries
a bulky dressing held in position with a tightly wrapped bandage, which applies
pressure dressing pressure to help control bleeding
the body's inability to adequately circulate blood to the body's cells to supply them
with oxygen and nutrients, which is a life-threatening condition. Also known as
shock hypoperfusion.
A device used for bleeding control that constricts all blood flow to and from an
tourniquet extremity.
bleeding from a vein, which is characterized by dark red or maroon blood and a
venous bleeding steady, easy-to-control flow.
abraison a scratch or a scrape
amputation the surgical removal or traumatic severing of a body part, usually an extremity
the tearing away or tearing off of a piece or flap of skin or other soft tissue. This term
also may be used for an eye pulled from its socket or a tooth dislodged from its
avulsion socket.
bandage any material used to hold a dressing in place
closed wound an internal injury with no open pathway from the outside
The epidermis remains intact, but cells and blood vessels in the dermis are
contusion damaged, also called a bruise.
an injury caused when force is transmitted from the body's exterior to its internal
structures. Bones can be broken; muscles, nerves, and tissues damaged; and
crush injury internal organs ruptured, causing internal bleeding.
, EMT Emergency Care 14th Edition Module #5: Chapters 29-35 Exam with verified review questions & answers. 2025/2026
the inner (second) layer of skin, rich in blood vessels and nerves, found beneath the
dermis epidermis
any material (preferably sterile) used to cover a wound that will help control bleeding
dressing and prevent additional contamination.
epidermis Outer layer of skin
a burn in which all the layers of the skin are damaged. There are usually areas that
are charred black or areas that are dry and white. Also called a third-degree burn.
full thickness burn Also typically no pain response left due to damage to the nerves.
a swelling caused by the collection of blood under the skin or in damaged tissues as
hematoma a result of an injured or broken blood vessel
laceration a cut, may be smooth or jagged
occlusive dressing any dressing that forms and airtight seal
open wound an injury in which the skin is interrupted, exposing the tissue beneath
a burn involving the epidermis and dermis that usually involves blisters; commonly
partial thickness burn called a second-degree burn
an open wound that tears through the skin and destroys underlying tissues. A
penetrating puncture wound can be shallow or deep. A perforating puncture wound
puncture wound has both an entrance and an exit wound.
rule of nines A method for estimating the extent of a burn.
a method for estimating the extent of a burn. The palm of the patient's own hand,
which equals about 1 percent of the body's surface area, is compared with the
rule of palm patient's burn to estimate its size.
subcutaneous layer the layer of fat and connective tissues below the dermis of the skin
a burn that involves only the epidermis, the outer layer of the skin. It is characterized
by reddening of the skin and perhaps some swelling. An example is a sunburn. Also
superficial burn called a first-degree burn.
universal dressing a bulky dressing
Evisceration an intestine or other internal organ protruding through a wound in the abdomen
Fracture of two or more adjacent ribs in two or more places that allows for free
Flail chest movement of the fractured segment
movement of ribs in a flail segment that is opposite to the direction of movement of
paradoxical movement the rest of the chest cavity
pneumothorax air in the chest cavity
sucking chest wound an open chest wound in which air is "sucked" into the chest cavity
a type of pneumothorax in which air that enters the chest cavity is prevented from
tension pneumothorax escaping
Angulated fracture fracture in which the broken bone segments are at an angle to each other
hard but flexible living structures that provide support for the body and protection to
bones vital organs
tough tissue that covers the joint ends of bones and helps to form certain body parts
cartilage such as the ear
closed extremity injury an injury to an extremity with no associated opening in the skin
comminuted fracture a fracture in which the bone is broken in several places
injury caused when tissues such as blood vessels and nerves are constricted within
compartment syndrome a space as from swelling or from a tight dressing or cast
Bleeding from an artery, which is characterized by bright red blood that is rapid,
Arterial bleeding profuse, and difficult to control
capillary bleeding bleeding from capillaries, which is characterized by a slow, oozing flow of blood
Shock, or lack of perfusion, brought on not by blood loss, but by inadequate
pumping action of the heart. It is often the result of a heart attack or congestive
cardiogenic shock heart failure.
when the patient is developing shock but the body is still able to maintain perfusion
compensated shock
when the body can no longer compensate for low blood volume, or lack of perfusion.
decompenstated shock Late signs such as decreasing blood pressure become evident.
hypo perfusion due to a lack of blood vessel tone. Blood vessel dilation leads to
distributive shock decreased pressure within the circulatory system
hemorrhage bleeding
hemorrhagic shock shock resulting from blood loss
substances applied as powders, dressings, gauze, or bandages to open wounds to
hemostatic agents stop bleeding
the body's inability to adequately circulate blood to the body's cells to supply them
hypoperfusion with oxygen and nutrients
hypovolemic shock shock resulting from blood or fluid loss
Neurogenic shock occurs when hypoperfusion caused by spinal cord injury that results in systemic vasodilation
a term commonly used to describe the different conditions that block the flow of
obstructive shock blood and cause hypoperfusion
the supply of oxygen to and removal of wastes from the body's cells and tissues as
perfusion a result of the flow of blood through the capillaries
a bulky dressing held in position with a tightly wrapped bandage, which applies
pressure dressing pressure to help control bleeding
the body's inability to adequately circulate blood to the body's cells to supply them
with oxygen and nutrients, which is a life-threatening condition. Also known as
shock hypoperfusion.
A device used for bleeding control that constricts all blood flow to and from an
tourniquet extremity.
bleeding from a vein, which is characterized by dark red or maroon blood and a
venous bleeding steady, easy-to-control flow.
abraison a scratch or a scrape
amputation the surgical removal or traumatic severing of a body part, usually an extremity
the tearing away or tearing off of a piece or flap of skin or other soft tissue. This term
also may be used for an eye pulled from its socket or a tooth dislodged from its
avulsion socket.
bandage any material used to hold a dressing in place
closed wound an internal injury with no open pathway from the outside
The epidermis remains intact, but cells and blood vessels in the dermis are
contusion damaged, also called a bruise.
an injury caused when force is transmitted from the body's exterior to its internal
structures. Bones can be broken; muscles, nerves, and tissues damaged; and
crush injury internal organs ruptured, causing internal bleeding.
, EMT Emergency Care 14th Edition Module #5: Chapters 29-35 Exam with verified review questions & answers. 2025/2026
the inner (second) layer of skin, rich in blood vessels and nerves, found beneath the
dermis epidermis
any material (preferably sterile) used to cover a wound that will help control bleeding
dressing and prevent additional contamination.
epidermis Outer layer of skin
a burn in which all the layers of the skin are damaged. There are usually areas that
are charred black or areas that are dry and white. Also called a third-degree burn.
full thickness burn Also typically no pain response left due to damage to the nerves.
a swelling caused by the collection of blood under the skin or in damaged tissues as
hematoma a result of an injured or broken blood vessel
laceration a cut, may be smooth or jagged
occlusive dressing any dressing that forms and airtight seal
open wound an injury in which the skin is interrupted, exposing the tissue beneath
a burn involving the epidermis and dermis that usually involves blisters; commonly
partial thickness burn called a second-degree burn
an open wound that tears through the skin and destroys underlying tissues. A
penetrating puncture wound can be shallow or deep. A perforating puncture wound
puncture wound has both an entrance and an exit wound.
rule of nines A method for estimating the extent of a burn.
a method for estimating the extent of a burn. The palm of the patient's own hand,
which equals about 1 percent of the body's surface area, is compared with the
rule of palm patient's burn to estimate its size.
subcutaneous layer the layer of fat and connective tissues below the dermis of the skin
a burn that involves only the epidermis, the outer layer of the skin. It is characterized
by reddening of the skin and perhaps some swelling. An example is a sunburn. Also
superficial burn called a first-degree burn.
universal dressing a bulky dressing
Evisceration an intestine or other internal organ protruding through a wound in the abdomen
Fracture of two or more adjacent ribs in two or more places that allows for free
Flail chest movement of the fractured segment
movement of ribs in a flail segment that is opposite to the direction of movement of
paradoxical movement the rest of the chest cavity
pneumothorax air in the chest cavity
sucking chest wound an open chest wound in which air is "sucked" into the chest cavity
a type of pneumothorax in which air that enters the chest cavity is prevented from
tension pneumothorax escaping
Angulated fracture fracture in which the broken bone segments are at an angle to each other
hard but flexible living structures that provide support for the body and protection to
bones vital organs
tough tissue that covers the joint ends of bones and helps to form certain body parts
cartilage such as the ear
closed extremity injury an injury to an extremity with no associated opening in the skin
comminuted fracture a fracture in which the bone is broken in several places
injury caused when tissues such as blood vessels and nerves are constricted within
compartment syndrome a space as from swelling or from a tight dressing or cast
