2025/2026 Actual Complete Real Exam Questions And
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Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome (NMS) - ANSWER-A rare and
sometimes fatal
reaction to high-potency
neuroleptic drugs.
-Symptoms include muscle rigidity, fever >105 and elevated
WBC HypoTN. It is
thought to result from dopamine blockage at the basal
ganglia and
hypothalamus.
TX- Dantrolene or Parlodel, Benzo,
Tylenol, IV fluid
delirium - ANSWER-an acutely disturbed state of mind that
occurs in fever, intoxication, and other disorders and is
characterized by restlessness, illusions, and incoherence of
thought and speech.
- most in older ppl
Dementia - ANSWER-a slowly progressive decline in mental
abilities, including
,memory, thinking, and judgment, that is often accompanied
by personality
changes
Namenda (memantine) - ANSWER-Treat
Alzheimer's (mod-sev)
NMDA receptor
antagonist,
Aricept (donepezil) - ANSWER-Treat Alzheimer's
(mild - sev)
acetylcholinesterase
inhibitor
Exelon (rivastigmine tartrate) - ANSWER-Treat Alzheimer's
and Parkinson's
-reversible cholinesterase
inhibitors
-may see more improvement in later
stages of illness
-take with full meal; severe nv,
weight loss
-maximum 12mg/day;
start slow
Alzheimer's disease (AD) - ANSWER-Decreased ACH the most
common cause of major NCD, characterized by gradual
deterioration of memory and personality and marked by the
, formation of plaques of betaamyloid protein and tangles of
tau in the brain
- >65
yo
- TX - Namenda, Aricept,
Exelon
vascular dementia - ANSWER-form of dementia caused by a
stroke or other
restriction of the flow of blood to
the brain
Lewy body dementia - ANSWER-A form of dementia
characterized by an increase in Lewy body cells in the brain.
Symptoms include visual hallucinations, momentary loss of
attention, falling, and fainting.
-Parkinson Features
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) - ANSWER-a disorder that
appears in childhood and is marked by significant deficiencies
in communication and social
interaction, and by rigidly fixated interests and repetitive
behaviors
TX- Focused on symptoms
-Antipsychotics for aggression, self injury
-Antidepressants clonidine or stimulants for self injury or
obsessive behavior
Non-pharm TX behavioral therapy, OT, ST