,CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO RADIOLOGIC SCIENCE b h bh b h bh b h
1. Which of the following best describes the primary purpose of diagnosti
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c radiography?
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A. To treat diseases using ionizing radiation
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B. To produce images of internal structures for diagnosis
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C. To monitor patient vital signs
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D. To sterilize medical equipment
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Answer: B bh
Rationale: Diagnostic radiography’s main purpose is to produce images of internal
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body structures, allowing physicians to detect and diagnose abnormalities. Option
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s A, C, and D are unrelated to diagnostic imaging.
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2. What is the primary source of ionizing radiation in medical imaging?
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A. MRI scanner bh
B. X-ray tube bh
C. Ultrasound transducer bh
D. PET scanner bh
Answer: B bh
Rationale: The X- bh bh
ray tube generates ionizing radiation used in diagnostic radiography. MRI and
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ultrasound use non- bh bh
ionizing energy, while PET uses radioactive tracers rather than producing radiat
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ion in a tube.
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3. How does the ALARA principle guide radiologic practice?
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A. Maximizing image quality regardless of dose bh bh bh bh bh
B. Minimizing radiation exposure while achieving diagnostic quality bh bh bh bh bh bh
C. Limiting patient interaction to reduce infection bh bh bh bh bh
D. Increasing exposure time for better penetration bh bh bh bh bh
Answer: B bh
Rationale: ALARA (“As Low As Reasonably Achievable”) ensures patient and
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staff receive the minimum radiation dose necessary for diagnostic-
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quality images. bh
,4. A radiologic technologist is preparing to image a patient with a suspecte
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d fracture. Which safety measure is most important?
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A. Using the fastest imaging speed
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B. Ensuring proper patient shielding and positioning
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C. Increasing exposure to reduce repeat images bh bh bh bh bh
D. Allowing the patient to move during imaging bh bh bh bh bh bh
Answer: B bh
Rationale: Proper shielding and positioning minimize unnecessary exposure and p
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rotect radiosensitive tissues. Options A, C, and D can increase radiation risk or de
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grade image quality.
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5. Scenario:A 45-year- b
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old patient expresses concern about radiation exposure. How should the techn
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ologist respond? bh
A. Ignore their concerns; radiation is safe
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B. Explain that dose is minimized and benefits outweigh risks
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C. Refuse to perform the exam bh bh bh bh
D. Increase exposure to ensure better imagesbh bh bh bh bh
Answer: B bh
Rationale: Patients should be informed about the low dose and the diagnostic be
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nefits, reducing anxiety and promoting informed consent.
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6. Which professional organization establishes standards for radiologi
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c technologists?
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A. WHO
B. ASRT
C. FDA
D. CDC
Answer: B bh
Rationale: The American Society of Radiologic Technologists (ASRT) sets educat
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ional and professional standards. FDA regulates equipment, CDC focuses on infectio
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n control, WHO on global health.
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, 7. Which imaging modality does not use ionizing radiation?
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A. CT scan bh
B. MRI
C. X-ray
D. Fluoroscopy
Answer: B bh
Rationale: MRI uses magnetic fields and radio waves, which are non-
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ionizing. CT, X-ray, and fluoroscopy all use ionizing radiation.
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8. What is the most radiosensitive tissue in the human body?
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A. Muscle
B. Skin
C. Bone marrow bh
D. Cartilage
Answer: C bh
Rationale: Bone marrow contains rapidly dividing cells, making it highly sensitive
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to ionizing radiation. Muscle, skin, and cartilage are less sensitive.
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9. Which factor primarily affects the quality of an X-ray image?
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A. Patient diet bh
B. Tube voltage and current
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C. Room temperature bh
D. Technologist height bh
Answer: B bh
Rationale: Tube voltage (kVp) and current (mA) control X-
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ray energy and photon quantity, directly affecting image quality.
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10. How often should radiologic equipment be tested for quality assurance?
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A. Daily
B. Monthly
C. Annually
D. Only when malfunction occurs
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1. Which of the following best describes the primary purpose of diagnosti
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c radiography?
bh
A. To treat diseases using ionizing radiation
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B. To produce images of internal structures for diagnosis
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C. To monitor patient vital signs
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D. To sterilize medical equipment
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Answer: B bh
Rationale: Diagnostic radiography’s main purpose is to produce images of internal
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body structures, allowing physicians to detect and diagnose abnormalities. Option
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s A, C, and D are unrelated to diagnostic imaging.
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2. What is the primary source of ionizing radiation in medical imaging?
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A. MRI scanner bh
B. X-ray tube bh
C. Ultrasound transducer bh
D. PET scanner bh
Answer: B bh
Rationale: The X- bh bh
ray tube generates ionizing radiation used in diagnostic radiography. MRI and
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ultrasound use non- bh bh
ionizing energy, while PET uses radioactive tracers rather than producing radiat
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ion in a tube.
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3. How does the ALARA principle guide radiologic practice?
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A. Maximizing image quality regardless of dose bh bh bh bh bh
B. Minimizing radiation exposure while achieving diagnostic quality bh bh bh bh bh bh
C. Limiting patient interaction to reduce infection bh bh bh bh bh
D. Increasing exposure time for better penetration bh bh bh bh bh
Answer: B bh
Rationale: ALARA (“As Low As Reasonably Achievable”) ensures patient and
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staff receive the minimum radiation dose necessary for diagnostic-
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quality images. bh
,4. A radiologic technologist is preparing to image a patient with a suspecte
bh bh bh bh bh bh bh bh bh bh bh
d fracture. Which safety measure is most important?
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A. Using the fastest imaging speed
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B. Ensuring proper patient shielding and positioning
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C. Increasing exposure to reduce repeat images bh bh bh bh bh
D. Allowing the patient to move during imaging bh bh bh bh bh bh
Answer: B bh
Rationale: Proper shielding and positioning minimize unnecessary exposure and p
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rotect radiosensitive tissues. Options A, C, and D can increase radiation risk or de
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grade image quality.
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5. Scenario:A 45-year- b
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old patient expresses concern about radiation exposure. How should the techn
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ologist respond? bh
A. Ignore their concerns; radiation is safe
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B. Explain that dose is minimized and benefits outweigh risks
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C. Refuse to perform the exam bh bh bh bh
D. Increase exposure to ensure better imagesbh bh bh bh bh
Answer: B bh
Rationale: Patients should be informed about the low dose and the diagnostic be
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nefits, reducing anxiety and promoting informed consent.
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6. Which professional organization establishes standards for radiologi
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c technologists?
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A. WHO
B. ASRT
C. FDA
D. CDC
Answer: B bh
Rationale: The American Society of Radiologic Technologists (ASRT) sets educat
bh bh bh bh bh bh bh bh bh
ional and professional standards. FDA regulates equipment, CDC focuses on infectio
bh bh bh bh bh b h bh bh bh bh
n control, WHO on global health.
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, 7. Which imaging modality does not use ionizing radiation?
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A. CT scan bh
B. MRI
C. X-ray
D. Fluoroscopy
Answer: B bh
Rationale: MRI uses magnetic fields and radio waves, which are non-
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ionizing. CT, X-ray, and fluoroscopy all use ionizing radiation.
bh bh bh bh bh bh bh b h
8. What is the most radiosensitive tissue in the human body?
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A. Muscle
B. Skin
C. Bone marrow bh
D. Cartilage
Answer: C bh
Rationale: Bone marrow contains rapidly dividing cells, making it highly sensitive
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to ionizing radiation. Muscle, skin, and cartilage are less sensitive.
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9. Which factor primarily affects the quality of an X-ray image?
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A. Patient diet bh
B. Tube voltage and current
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C. Room temperature bh
D. Technologist height bh
Answer: B bh
Rationale: Tube voltage (kVp) and current (mA) control X-
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ray energy and photon quantity, directly affecting image quality.
bh bh bh bh b h bh bh b h
10. How often should radiologic equipment be tested for quality assurance?
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A. Daily
B. Monthly
C. Annually
D. Only when malfunction occurs
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