NURS 6320 Group 11 ch 45, 47 (Latest
Update )
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWER [GRADE A+]
Considering the pathophysiologic process of osteoporosis, what are the effects of
extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) and receptor activator of nuclear factor
κB ligand (RANKL) on osteoblasts and osteoclasts?
a. ERKs increase the life span of osteoclasts, and RANKL decreases the life span of
osteoblasts.
b. ERKs and RANKL increase the life span of osteoclasts and decrease the life span of
osteoblasts.
c. ERKs and RANKL increase the life span of osteoblasts and decrease the life span of
osteoclasts.
d. ERKs increase the life span of osteoblasts, and RANKL decreases the life span of
osteoclasts. - correct answer ANS: B
In addition to ERKs, RANKL is required for the antiapoptotic effect and thus longer life
span of osteoclasts. This effect also shortens the life span of the bone-forming cells,
or osteoblasts. This process is not true of any of the other options.
What is the most common clinical manifestation of osteoporosis?
a. Bone deformity
c. Pathologic fracture
b. Bone pain
d. Muscle strain - correct answer ANS: A
The most common clinical manifestation of osteoporosis is bone deformity.
, NURS 6320 Group 11 ch 45, 47 (Latest
Update )
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWER [GRADE A+]
Which immunoglobulin (Ig) is elevated in atopic dermatitis?
a. IgA
c. IgE
b. IgM
d. IgG - correct answer ANS: C
In the acute phase of atopic dermatitis, inflammation is associated with the activation
of T helper 1 (Th-1) cells with an overexpression of cytokines (interleukin [IL]-4, IL-5,
and IL-13) and chemokine ligand 1 (CCL1) and 18 (CCL18) with increases in IgE,
eosinophils, and macrophages. The remaining options will not be elevated as related to
atopic dermatitis.
Which leukocytes are elevated in atopic dermatitis?
a. Eosinophils
c. Basophils
b. Neutrophils
d. Monocytes - correct answer ANS: A
In the acute phase of atopic dermatitis, inflammation is associated with the activation
of T helper 1 (Th-1) cells with an overexpression of cytokines (interleukin [IL]-4, IL-5,
and IL13) and chemokine ligand 1 (CCL1) and 18 (CCL 18) with increases in IgE,
eosinophils, and macrophages. Other leukocytes will not be elevated as related to
atopic dermatitis.
Which clinical manifestation is considered the hallmark of atopic dermatitis?
a. Papular rash
Update )
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWER [GRADE A+]
Considering the pathophysiologic process of osteoporosis, what are the effects of
extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) and receptor activator of nuclear factor
κB ligand (RANKL) on osteoblasts and osteoclasts?
a. ERKs increase the life span of osteoclasts, and RANKL decreases the life span of
osteoblasts.
b. ERKs and RANKL increase the life span of osteoclasts and decrease the life span of
osteoblasts.
c. ERKs and RANKL increase the life span of osteoblasts and decrease the life span of
osteoclasts.
d. ERKs increase the life span of osteoblasts, and RANKL decreases the life span of
osteoclasts. - correct answer ANS: B
In addition to ERKs, RANKL is required for the antiapoptotic effect and thus longer life
span of osteoclasts. This effect also shortens the life span of the bone-forming cells,
or osteoblasts. This process is not true of any of the other options.
What is the most common clinical manifestation of osteoporosis?
a. Bone deformity
c. Pathologic fracture
b. Bone pain
d. Muscle strain - correct answer ANS: A
The most common clinical manifestation of osteoporosis is bone deformity.
, NURS 6320 Group 11 ch 45, 47 (Latest
Update )
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED
ANSWER [GRADE A+]
Which immunoglobulin (Ig) is elevated in atopic dermatitis?
a. IgA
c. IgE
b. IgM
d. IgG - correct answer ANS: C
In the acute phase of atopic dermatitis, inflammation is associated with the activation
of T helper 1 (Th-1) cells with an overexpression of cytokines (interleukin [IL]-4, IL-5,
and IL-13) and chemokine ligand 1 (CCL1) and 18 (CCL18) with increases in IgE,
eosinophils, and macrophages. The remaining options will not be elevated as related to
atopic dermatitis.
Which leukocytes are elevated in atopic dermatitis?
a. Eosinophils
c. Basophils
b. Neutrophils
d. Monocytes - correct answer ANS: A
In the acute phase of atopic dermatitis, inflammation is associated with the activation
of T helper 1 (Th-1) cells with an overexpression of cytokines (interleukin [IL]-4, IL-5,
and IL13) and chemokine ligand 1 (CCL1) and 18 (CCL 18) with increases in IgE,
eosinophils, and macrophages. Other leukocytes will not be elevated as related to
atopic dermatitis.
Which clinical manifestation is considered the hallmark of atopic dermatitis?
a. Papular rash
