Pediatric Nursing- A Case-
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Based Approach
,Pediatric Nursing- A Case-
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Based Approach
, Pediatric Nursing- A Case- mj mj mj
Based Approach
Chapter 1: Bronchiolitis mj m j
1. Which intervention is appropriate for the infant hospitalized with bronchiolitis?
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a. Position on the side with neck slightly flexed. mj mj mj mj mj mj mj
b. Administer antibiotics as ordered. mj mj mj
c. Restrict oral and parenteral fluids if tachypneic.
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d. Give cool, humidified oxygen mj mj mj
. ANSWER: D
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Cool, humidified oxygen is given to relieve dyspnea, hypoxemia, and insensible fluid loss fr
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om tachypnea. The infant should be positioned with the head and chest elevated at a 30-
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to 40-
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degree angle and the neck slightly extended to maintain an open airway and decrease pressur
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e on the diaphragm. The etiology of bronchiolitis is viral. Antibiotics are given only if there
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is a secondary bacterial infection. Tachypnea increases insensible fluid loss. If the infant is ta
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chypneic, fluids are given parenterally to prevent dehydration.
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2. An infant with bronchiolitis is hospitalized. The causative organism is respiratory syncyti
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al virus (RSV). The nurse knows that a child infected with this virus requires what type
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of isolation?
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a. Reverse isolation mj
b. Airborne isolation mj
c. Contact Precautions mj
d. Standard Precautions mj
ANSWER: C
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RSV is transmitted through droplets. In addition to Standard Precautions and hand washing,
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Contact Precautions are required. Caregivers must use gloves and gowns when entering the r
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oom. Care is taken not to touch their own eyes or mucous membranes with a contaminated g
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loved hand. Children are placed in a private room or in a room with other children with RS
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V infections. Reverse isolation focuses on keeping bacteria away from the infant. With RSV, o
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ther children need to be protected from exposure to the virus. The virus is not airborne.
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3. A child has a chronic cough and diffuse wheezing during the expiratory phase of respirati
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on. This suggests what condition?
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a. Asthma
b. Pneumonia
c. Bronchiolitis
d. Foreign body in trachea mj mj mj
ANSWER: A
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Asthma may have these chronic signs and symptoms. Pneumonia appears with an acute onset,
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, Pediatric Nursing- A Case-
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fever, and general malaise.Based
mj mj mj Bronchiolitis
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Approach is an acute condition caused by respiratory syncytial
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mj mj mj
Based Approach
,Pediatric Nursing- A Case-
mj mj mj
Based Approach
, Pediatric Nursing- A Case- mj mj mj
Based Approach
Chapter 1: Bronchiolitis mj m j
1. Which intervention is appropriate for the infant hospitalized with bronchiolitis?
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a. Position on the side with neck slightly flexed. mj mj mj mj mj mj mj
b. Administer antibiotics as ordered. mj mj mj
c. Restrict oral and parenteral fluids if tachypneic.
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d. Give cool, humidified oxygen mj mj mj
. ANSWER: D
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Cool, humidified oxygen is given to relieve dyspnea, hypoxemia, and insensible fluid loss fr
mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj
om tachypnea. The infant should be positioned with the head and chest elevated at a 30-
mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj
to 40-
mj mj
degree angle and the neck slightly extended to maintain an open airway and decrease pressur
mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj
e on the diaphragm. The etiology of bronchiolitis is viral. Antibiotics are given only if there
mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj
is a secondary bacterial infection. Tachypnea increases insensible fluid loss. If the infant is ta
mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj
chypneic, fluids are given parenterally to prevent dehydration.
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2. An infant with bronchiolitis is hospitalized. The causative organism is respiratory syncyti
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al virus (RSV). The nurse knows that a child infected with this virus requires what type
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of isolation?
mj
a. Reverse isolation mj
b. Airborne isolation mj
c. Contact Precautions mj
d. Standard Precautions mj
ANSWER: C
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RSV is transmitted through droplets. In addition to Standard Precautions and hand washing,
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Contact Precautions are required. Caregivers must use gloves and gowns when entering the r
mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj
oom. Care is taken not to touch their own eyes or mucous membranes with a contaminated g
mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj
loved hand. Children are placed in a private room or in a room with other children with RS
mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj
V infections. Reverse isolation focuses on keeping bacteria away from the infant. With RSV, o
mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj
ther children need to be protected from exposure to the virus. The virus is not airborne.
mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj
3. A child has a chronic cough and diffuse wheezing during the expiratory phase of respirati
mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj
on. This suggests what condition?
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a. Asthma
b. Pneumonia
c. Bronchiolitis
d. Foreign body in trachea mj mj mj
ANSWER: A
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Asthma may have these chronic signs and symptoms. Pneumonia appears with an acute onset,
mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj mj
, Pediatric Nursing- A Case-
mj mj mj
fever, and general malaise.Based
mj mj mj Bronchiolitis
mj
Approach is an acute condition caused by respiratory syncytial
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