PEPP Final Exam 2025/2026 | Verified Questions &
Correct Answers with Rationales | Graded A+
Pediatric Education for Prehospital Professionals | Key Concepts: Pediatric Assessment
Triangle, Airway & Respiratory Emergencies, Circulatory Shock, Trauma Management,
Resuscitation, and EMS Protocols | Expert-Developed Q&A | 100% Clinically Aligned &
Exam-Ready
Introduction
This 2025/2026 PEPP Final Exam resource provides professionally written, verified-style
questions with correct answers and full rationales aligned to the Pediatric Education for
Prehospital Professionals curriculum. Each item reinforces mastery of pediatric emergency care
principles, assessment skills, and prehospital management guidelines established by the
American Academy of Pediatrics. The goal is to strengthen clinical judgment, promote safe field
decision-making, and ensure comprehensive readiness for pediatric EMS scenarios. Fully
updated with 2025 AHA Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS), AAP PEPP 4th
Edition, and NHTSA EMS Scope of Practice.
Answer Format
All correct answers appear in bold and green, followed by concise, well-defined rationales
explaining the underlying pediatric physiology, assessment cues, and EMS intervention
priorities according to 2025/2026 AAP and AHA standards.
PEPP Final Exam – 60 Official Questions
Section 1: Pediatric Assessment & Triage (1–12)
1. The Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT) evaluates:
a) Appearance, Work of breathing, Circulation
b) Airway, Breathing, Circulation
c) Level of consciousness, Pulse, Respirations
d) Pain, Perfusion, Pupils
Answer: a) Appearance, Work of breathing, Circulation
Rationale: Rapid 10-second visual assessment; TICLS mnemonic (Tone, Interactiveness,
Consolability, Look/gaze, Speech/cry).
2. Abnormal appearance in PAT includes:
a) Lethargy, poor muscle tone, weak cry
b) Tachypnea only
c) Pale skin only
d) Normal interaction
, Answer: a) Lethargy, poor muscle tone, weak cry
Rationale: Reflects CNS dysfunction; highest priority for intervention.
3. Normal respiratory rate for a 3-year-old is:
a) 22–34 breaths/min
b) 12–20
c) 30–60
d) <12
Answer: a) 22–34 breaths/min
Rationale: Age-based norms critical; >60 or <10 = respiratory failure.
4. First action upon arriving at a pediatric cardiac arrest:
a) Confirm unresponsiveness, check pulse/breathing ≤10 sec
b) Begin compressions immediately
c) Apply AED
d) Open airway
Answer: a) Confirm unresponsiveness, check pulse/breathing ≤10 sec
Rationale: AHA 2025: No pulse or <60 with poor perfusion in infant/child → start CPR.
5. Hands-only CPR is recommended for:
a) Adults only
b) Children with witnessed arrest
c) Infants
d) All pediatric arrests
Answer: a) Adults only
Rationale: Children require ventilations; 15:2 (2 rescuer) or 30:2 (1 rescuer) with breaths.
6. Capillary refill time >2 seconds indicates:
a) Poor peripheral perfusion
b) Normal circulation
c) Dehydration only
d) Fever
Answer: a) Poor peripheral perfusion
Rationale: Test on palm/sole; delayed = shock until proven otherwise.
7. Hypotension in a 5-year-old begins at SBP <
a) 80 mmHg
b) 70 mmHg
c) 90 mmHg
d) 100 mmHg
Answer: a) 80 mmHg
Rationale: Formula: <70 + (2 × age in years); 5 yo = <80 = decompensated shock.
8. Most common cause of cardiac arrest in children:
a) Respiratory failure
b) Trauma
c) Congenital heart disease
Correct Answers with Rationales | Graded A+
Pediatric Education for Prehospital Professionals | Key Concepts: Pediatric Assessment
Triangle, Airway & Respiratory Emergencies, Circulatory Shock, Trauma Management,
Resuscitation, and EMS Protocols | Expert-Developed Q&A | 100% Clinically Aligned &
Exam-Ready
Introduction
This 2025/2026 PEPP Final Exam resource provides professionally written, verified-style
questions with correct answers and full rationales aligned to the Pediatric Education for
Prehospital Professionals curriculum. Each item reinforces mastery of pediatric emergency care
principles, assessment skills, and prehospital management guidelines established by the
American Academy of Pediatrics. The goal is to strengthen clinical judgment, promote safe field
decision-making, and ensure comprehensive readiness for pediatric EMS scenarios. Fully
updated with 2025 AHA Pediatric Advanced Life Support (PALS), AAP PEPP 4th
Edition, and NHTSA EMS Scope of Practice.
Answer Format
All correct answers appear in bold and green, followed by concise, well-defined rationales
explaining the underlying pediatric physiology, assessment cues, and EMS intervention
priorities according to 2025/2026 AAP and AHA standards.
PEPP Final Exam – 60 Official Questions
Section 1: Pediatric Assessment & Triage (1–12)
1. The Pediatric Assessment Triangle (PAT) evaluates:
a) Appearance, Work of breathing, Circulation
b) Airway, Breathing, Circulation
c) Level of consciousness, Pulse, Respirations
d) Pain, Perfusion, Pupils
Answer: a) Appearance, Work of breathing, Circulation
Rationale: Rapid 10-second visual assessment; TICLS mnemonic (Tone, Interactiveness,
Consolability, Look/gaze, Speech/cry).
2. Abnormal appearance in PAT includes:
a) Lethargy, poor muscle tone, weak cry
b) Tachypnea only
c) Pale skin only
d) Normal interaction
, Answer: a) Lethargy, poor muscle tone, weak cry
Rationale: Reflects CNS dysfunction; highest priority for intervention.
3. Normal respiratory rate for a 3-year-old is:
a) 22–34 breaths/min
b) 12–20
c) 30–60
d) <12
Answer: a) 22–34 breaths/min
Rationale: Age-based norms critical; >60 or <10 = respiratory failure.
4. First action upon arriving at a pediatric cardiac arrest:
a) Confirm unresponsiveness, check pulse/breathing ≤10 sec
b) Begin compressions immediately
c) Apply AED
d) Open airway
Answer: a) Confirm unresponsiveness, check pulse/breathing ≤10 sec
Rationale: AHA 2025: No pulse or <60 with poor perfusion in infant/child → start CPR.
5. Hands-only CPR is recommended for:
a) Adults only
b) Children with witnessed arrest
c) Infants
d) All pediatric arrests
Answer: a) Adults only
Rationale: Children require ventilations; 15:2 (2 rescuer) or 30:2 (1 rescuer) with breaths.
6. Capillary refill time >2 seconds indicates:
a) Poor peripheral perfusion
b) Normal circulation
c) Dehydration only
d) Fever
Answer: a) Poor peripheral perfusion
Rationale: Test on palm/sole; delayed = shock until proven otherwise.
7. Hypotension in a 5-year-old begins at SBP <
a) 80 mmHg
b) 70 mmHg
c) 90 mmHg
d) 100 mmHg
Answer: a) 80 mmHg
Rationale: Formula: <70 + (2 × age in years); 5 yo = <80 = decompensated shock.
8. Most common cause of cardiac arrest in children:
a) Respiratory failure
b) Trauma
c) Congenital heart disease
