BIOL 252 ENDOCRINE SYSTEM- PHYSIOLOGY
EXAM 2025 WITH WELL VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS|| ALREADY
GRADED A+ || GUARANTEED PASS || LATEST
UPDATE 2025
Muscle hypertrophy means muscle fibers have
a. More cells
b. Larger cells
c. Fewer cells
d. Smaller cells
b. Larger cells
Hypertrophy = increased cell size.
Hyperplasia means..
a. More cells
b. Larger cells
c. Fewer cells
d. Smaller cells
a. More cells
Bone-resorbing cells are
a. Osteoblasts
,b. Osteocytes
c. Osteoclasts
d. Chondrocytes
b. Osteocytes
Osteoclasts dissolve bone matrix.
Bone-producing cells are
a. Osteoblasts
b. Osteocytes
c. Osteoclasts
d. Chondrocytes
a. Osteoblasts
Osteoblasts produce calcifed matrix of bone
Hypercalcemia makes resting membrane potential
a. Depolarized
b. Hyperpolarized
c. Unchanged
d. Oscillating
b. Hyperpolarized
Excess Ca²⁺ lowers excitability.
High PTH is usually accompanied by high
a. Calcitonin
b. Calcitriol
c. Aldosterone
,d. T3
b. Calcitriol
PTH stimulates calcitriol (vitamin D₃) synthesis.
A patient on long-term corticosteroid therapy suddenly stops medication.
What is the immediate endocrine risk?
a. Hyperthyroidism
b. Addisonian crisis
c. Hyperinsulinemia
d. Gigantism
b. Addisonian crisis
Exogenous cortisol suppresses ACTH, causing adrenal atrophy and acute
deficiency.
If osteoclast activity exceeds osteoblast activity, which disorder is most
likely?
a. Acromegaly
b. Osteoporosis
c. Goiter
d. Cushing’s disease
b. Osteoporosis
Bone resorption greater than deposition weakens bone.
A pituitary tumor secreting excess GH after epiphyseal plate closure leads
to
a. Gigantism
b. Dwarfism
c. Acromegaly
d. Cretinism
, c. Acromegaly
Adult GH excess enlarges soft tissues and bones of face/hands.
Which combination best explains a child with high GH but poor growth?
a. GH receptor defect
b. Excess IGF production
c. High T3/T4 levels
d. Low PTH
a. GH receptor defect
Tissues can’t respond, mimicking GH deficiency.
A diet lacking vitamin D would directly impair
a. Thyroid hormone synthesis
b. Calcium absorption from the gut
c. Cortisol binding to CBG
d. TSH secretion
Answer: b. Calcium absorption from the gut
Calcitriol (vitamin D₃) is required for intestinal calcium uptake.
Melatonin is derived from:
a. Tyrosine
b. Tryptophan
c. Phenylalanine
d. Histidine
b. Tryptophan
Explanation: The pineal gland synthesizes melatonin from tryptophan.
Catecholamines are derived from:
a. Two tyrosine molecules
EXAM 2025 WITH WELL VERIFIED
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS|| ALREADY
GRADED A+ || GUARANTEED PASS || LATEST
UPDATE 2025
Muscle hypertrophy means muscle fibers have
a. More cells
b. Larger cells
c. Fewer cells
d. Smaller cells
b. Larger cells
Hypertrophy = increased cell size.
Hyperplasia means..
a. More cells
b. Larger cells
c. Fewer cells
d. Smaller cells
a. More cells
Bone-resorbing cells are
a. Osteoblasts
,b. Osteocytes
c. Osteoclasts
d. Chondrocytes
b. Osteocytes
Osteoclasts dissolve bone matrix.
Bone-producing cells are
a. Osteoblasts
b. Osteocytes
c. Osteoclasts
d. Chondrocytes
a. Osteoblasts
Osteoblasts produce calcifed matrix of bone
Hypercalcemia makes resting membrane potential
a. Depolarized
b. Hyperpolarized
c. Unchanged
d. Oscillating
b. Hyperpolarized
Excess Ca²⁺ lowers excitability.
High PTH is usually accompanied by high
a. Calcitonin
b. Calcitriol
c. Aldosterone
,d. T3
b. Calcitriol
PTH stimulates calcitriol (vitamin D₃) synthesis.
A patient on long-term corticosteroid therapy suddenly stops medication.
What is the immediate endocrine risk?
a. Hyperthyroidism
b. Addisonian crisis
c. Hyperinsulinemia
d. Gigantism
b. Addisonian crisis
Exogenous cortisol suppresses ACTH, causing adrenal atrophy and acute
deficiency.
If osteoclast activity exceeds osteoblast activity, which disorder is most
likely?
a. Acromegaly
b. Osteoporosis
c. Goiter
d. Cushing’s disease
b. Osteoporosis
Bone resorption greater than deposition weakens bone.
A pituitary tumor secreting excess GH after epiphyseal plate closure leads
to
a. Gigantism
b. Dwarfism
c. Acromegaly
d. Cretinism
, c. Acromegaly
Adult GH excess enlarges soft tissues and bones of face/hands.
Which combination best explains a child with high GH but poor growth?
a. GH receptor defect
b. Excess IGF production
c. High T3/T4 levels
d. Low PTH
a. GH receptor defect
Tissues can’t respond, mimicking GH deficiency.
A diet lacking vitamin D would directly impair
a. Thyroid hormone synthesis
b. Calcium absorption from the gut
c. Cortisol binding to CBG
d. TSH secretion
Answer: b. Calcium absorption from the gut
Calcitriol (vitamin D₃) is required for intestinal calcium uptake.
Melatonin is derived from:
a. Tyrosine
b. Tryptophan
c. Phenylalanine
d. Histidine
b. Tryptophan
Explanation: The pineal gland synthesizes melatonin from tryptophan.
Catecholamines are derived from:
a. Two tyrosine molecules
