Introduction to Marine Biology 4th Edition
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by George Karleskint Chapter 1 - 20
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,Contents Overview. Preface. C C
PART I: THE OCEAN ENVIRONMENT.
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1. Science and Marine Biology.
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2. Fundamentals of Ecology.
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3. Geology of the Ocean.
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4. 4. Water, Waves, and Tides.
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PART II: MARINE ORGANISMS.
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5. Biological Concepts.
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6. Marine Microbes.
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7. Multicellular Primary Producers.
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8. Lower Invertebrates.
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9. Higher Invertebrates.
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10. Marine Fishes.
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11. Marine Reptiles and Birds.
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12. Marine Mammals.
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PART III: MARINE ECOSYSTEMS.
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13. Intertidal Communities.
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14. Estuaries.
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15. Coral Reef Communities.
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16. Continental Shelves and Neritic Zone.
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17. The Open Sea.
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18. Life in the Ocean's Depths.
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PART IV: HUMANS AND THE SEA.
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19. Harvesting the Ocean's Resources.
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20. Oceans in Jeopardy.
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,Chapter 1—Science andMarine Biology
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MULTIPLE CHOICE
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1. What percentage of the surface of the earth is covered by seawater?
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a. 46%
b. 55%
c. 64%
d. 71%
e. 83%
ANS: D C C PTS: 1 CC C DIF: Recall REF: 1
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2. Oceans are important in all but the following ways:
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a. solar-powered engines that drive weather patterns. C C C C C
b. provide a substantial amount of the world's food supply.
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c. marine organisms are important for scientific research.
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d. a direct source of fresh water for arid lands.
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e. a source of industrial and medicinal materials.
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ANS: D C C PTS: 1 CC C DIF: Synthesis REF: 1-2
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3. Oceanography is the study of: C C C C
a. the living organisms that inhabit the sea.
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b. the oceans and their phenomena.
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c. the oceans and living organisms.
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d. the chemical makeup of the oceans.
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e. the interactions of marine organisms with their environment.
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ANS: B C C PTS: 1 CC C DIF: Recall REF: 2
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4. Marine biology is the study of:
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a. the living organisms that inhabit the sea.
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b. the oceans and their phenomena.
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c. the oceans and living organisms.
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d. the chemical makeup of the oceans.
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e. biogeochemical processes. C
ANS: A C C PTS: 1 CC C DIF: Recall REF: 2
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5. The most complete scientific picture of the oceans comes from:
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a. thorough oceanographic studies. C C
b. thorough marine biology studies. C C C
c. combining oceanography and marine biology information.C C C C C
d. having ocean usage policies.
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e. the popular media.C C
ANS: C C C PTS: 1 CC C DIF: Synthesis REF: 3
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, 6. Knowledge of the ocean can come from all except: C C C C C C C C
a. robotics.
b. ocean law. C
c. deep submersibles. C
d. SCUBA studies. C
e. computers and new technologies. C C C
ANS: B C C PTS: 1 CC C DIF: Synthesis REF: 3 C C
7. The earliest recorded direct studies of marine biology are attributed to:
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a. the Greeks. C
b. the Catholic Church.
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c. Arabian philosophers. C
d. Micronesian mariners. C
e. the Chinese. C
ANS: A C C PTS: 1 CC C DIF: Recall REF: 3 C C
8. The following marine biologist was aboard the HMS Beagle in 1831:
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a. Edward Forbes. C
b. Charles Wyville Thomson. C C
c. Alexander Agassiz. C
d. Charles Darwin. C
e. Jean-Baptiste Lamarck. C
ANS: D C C PTS: 1 CC C DIF: Recall REF: 4 C C
9. Charles Darwin's observations while aboard the HMS Beagle led eventually to the:
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a. idea that life started on land.
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b. theory that life's origin was in fresh water.
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c. theory for the process that causes evolution.
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d. re-birth of marine biology. C C C
e. idea that life could not survive in the deep sea.
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ANS: C C C PTS: 1 CC C DIF: Recall REF: 4 C C
10. Charles Darwin proposed the theory of evolution based on data he collected during:
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a. the Beagle expedition. C C
b. the Challenger expedition.C C
c. the observations of Agassiz.
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d. Alvin's dives. C
e. his time spent on the rocky coastline of England.
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ANS: A C C PTS: 1 CC C DIF: Recall REF: 4 C C
11. Darwin produced a well respected monograph on:
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a. mussels.
b. sea lizards. C
c. Galapagos turtles. C
d. barnacles.
e. marine fossils. C
ANS: D C C PTS: 1 CC C DIF: Recall REF: 5 C C