MED SURG 1 Exam 2026 Questions and
Answers
Which information about gender, cultural differences, and ethnic differences in
patients with obstructive lung disease will the nurse use when planning care? -
Correct answer-Whites have the highest incidence of cystic fibrosis
Which diagnostic test will the clinic nurse anticipate to confirm a diagnosis of
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in a patient with dyspnea? -
Correct answer-Spirometry
Which factor causes the clinical manifestations of chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD)? - Correct answer-Inability to effectively expire air
Which are the predominant inflammatory cells in chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD)? Select all that apply. - Correct answer-Neutrophils
Lymphocytes
Macrophages
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,Which physiologic effect of ongoing tobacco smoking leads to chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD)? - Correct answer-Respiratory tract cell hyperplasia
When educating a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
who continues to smoke cigarettes, which complication of smoking would the
nurse discuss with the patient? - Correct answer-Cardiovascular disease
Which of these is a clinical manifestation of early chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD)? - Correct answer-A chronic, intermittent cough
Which findings will the nurse expect when assessing a clinic patient with chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)? Select all that apply. - Correct answer-
Barrel chest on inspection
Wheezes on auscultation
Which factor contributes to loss of lung elastic recoil in a patient with chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) due to cigarette smoking? - Correct
answer-Imbalance of protease and antiprotease activity
Which is the purpose of lung reduction surgery for the patient with chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)? - Correct answer-Allows more room for
normal alveoli to expand
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,When caring for a patient diagnosed with cor pulmonale, which finding will the
nurse expect? - Correct answer-Ankle edema
Which information about the purpose of pursed-lip breathing will the nurse include
when teaching a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease about
breathing exercises? - Correct answer-Preventing air trapping
Which explanation is likely when the nurse notes a hemoglobin level of 20 g/dL in
a patient admitted with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)? - Correct
answer-Hypoxia has stimulated erythropoiesis
Which complication would the nurse expect in a patient with chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease who has α1-antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency? - Correct answer-
Liver disease
Which statements about health disparities that contribute to chronic obstructive
pulmonary diseases are accurate? Select all that apply. - Correct answer-"Asthma
prevalence and age-adjusted death rates are the highest among Puerto Ricans."
"Hispanics have lower death rates from chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases
than other ethnic groups."
"Despite higher rates of smoking in other groups, whites have the highest incidence
of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases."
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, Which actions will the nurse include when performing chest physiotherapy on a
patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease? Select all that apply. - Correct
answer-Vibration
Percussion
Postural drainage
Which is the most common organism found in heated nebulizers used for
humidification during oxygen administration? - Correct answer-Pseudomonas
aeruginosa
Which description best characterizes chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD)? - Correct answer-Progressive persistent expiratory airflow limitation
Which action will the nurse take to prevent complications when a patient is using
an oxygen-conserving cannula? - Correct answer-Pad the tubing over the patient's
ears.
When teaching a class on smoking cessation, which benefits of tobacco cessation
will the nurse include? Select all that apply. - Correct answer-Lower cancer risk
Improvement in chronic cough
Enhanced sense of taste and smell
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 4
Answers
Which information about gender, cultural differences, and ethnic differences in
patients with obstructive lung disease will the nurse use when planning care? -
Correct answer-Whites have the highest incidence of cystic fibrosis
Which diagnostic test will the clinic nurse anticipate to confirm a diagnosis of
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in a patient with dyspnea? -
Correct answer-Spirometry
Which factor causes the clinical manifestations of chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD)? - Correct answer-Inability to effectively expire air
Which are the predominant inflammatory cells in chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD)? Select all that apply. - Correct answer-Neutrophils
Lymphocytes
Macrophages
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
,Which physiologic effect of ongoing tobacco smoking leads to chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD)? - Correct answer-Respiratory tract cell hyperplasia
When educating a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
who continues to smoke cigarettes, which complication of smoking would the
nurse discuss with the patient? - Correct answer-Cardiovascular disease
Which of these is a clinical manifestation of early chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD)? - Correct answer-A chronic, intermittent cough
Which findings will the nurse expect when assessing a clinic patient with chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)? Select all that apply. - Correct answer-
Barrel chest on inspection
Wheezes on auscultation
Which factor contributes to loss of lung elastic recoil in a patient with chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) due to cigarette smoking? - Correct
answer-Imbalance of protease and antiprotease activity
Which is the purpose of lung reduction surgery for the patient with chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)? - Correct answer-Allows more room for
normal alveoli to expand
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
,When caring for a patient diagnosed with cor pulmonale, which finding will the
nurse expect? - Correct answer-Ankle edema
Which information about the purpose of pursed-lip breathing will the nurse include
when teaching a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease about
breathing exercises? - Correct answer-Preventing air trapping
Which explanation is likely when the nurse notes a hemoglobin level of 20 g/dL in
a patient admitted with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)? - Correct
answer-Hypoxia has stimulated erythropoiesis
Which complication would the nurse expect in a patient with chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease who has α1-antitrypsin (AAT) deficiency? - Correct answer-
Liver disease
Which statements about health disparities that contribute to chronic obstructive
pulmonary diseases are accurate? Select all that apply. - Correct answer-"Asthma
prevalence and age-adjusted death rates are the highest among Puerto Ricans."
"Hispanics have lower death rates from chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases
than other ethnic groups."
"Despite higher rates of smoking in other groups, whites have the highest incidence
of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases."
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 3
, Which actions will the nurse include when performing chest physiotherapy on a
patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease? Select all that apply. - Correct
answer-Vibration
Percussion
Postural drainage
Which is the most common organism found in heated nebulizers used for
humidification during oxygen administration? - Correct answer-Pseudomonas
aeruginosa
Which description best characterizes chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
(COPD)? - Correct answer-Progressive persistent expiratory airflow limitation
Which action will the nurse take to prevent complications when a patient is using
an oxygen-conserving cannula? - Correct answer-Pad the tubing over the patient's
ears.
When teaching a class on smoking cessation, which benefits of tobacco cessation
will the nurse include? Select all that apply. - Correct answer-Lower cancer risk
Improvement in chronic cough
Enhanced sense of taste and smell
©COPYRIGHT 2025, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 4
