GMS 6440 FUNDAMENTALS OF MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY EXAM LATEST UPDATE 2025/2026 WITH ACCURATE ANSWERS GUARANTEED PASS BEST STUDYING MATERIAL

GMS 6440 FUNDAMENTALS OF MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY EXAM LATEST UPDATE 2025/2026
WITH ACCURATE ANSWERS GUARANTEED PASS BEST STUDYING MATERIAL

1. What is the normal movement of blood through the heart?

• A) Right atrium → Left atrium → Right ventricle → Left ventricle

• B) Right atrium → Right ventricle → Lung → Left atrium → Left ventricle

• C) Left atrium → Right atrium → Right ventricle → Left ventricle

D) Right ventricle → Lung → Right atrium → Left ventricle

Correct Answer: B) Right atrium → Right ventricle → Lung → Left atrium → Left ventricle

Rationale: This sequence reflects the path blood takes through the heart and lungs.

2. Normally, humans have lobes in the left lung and lobes in the right lung.

• A) 3, 2

• B) 2, 3

• C) 4, 2

• D) 2, 4

Correct Answer: B) 2, 3

Rationale: The lef t lung has two lobes, while the right lung has three lobes.

3. In the lung, gas exchange occurs mostly in the .

• A) Bronchi

• B) Alveoli

• C) Trachea

• D) Pleura

Correct Answer: B) Alveoli

Rationale: Alveoli are the primary sites for gas exchange in the lungs.

4. The urinary system is composed of kidneys, ureters, and bladders.



• A) 1, 2, 1

• B) 2, 2, 1

• C) 2, 1, 1

• D) 2, 2, 2

Correct Answer: B) 2, 2, 1

Rationale: The urinary system typically has two kidneys, two ureters, and one bladder.

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, GMS 6440 FUNDAMENTALS OF MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY EXAM LATEST UPDATE 2025/2026
WITH ACCURATE ANSWERS GUARANTEED PASS BEST STUDYING MATERIAL

5. Filtered waste from the glomerulus moves in what order, ending with the collecting duct?

• A) Bowman's capsule → Proximal tubule → Loop of Henle → Distal tubule → Collecting duct

• B) Proximal tubule → Distal tubule → Bowman's capsule → Loop of Henle → Collecting duct

• C) Loop of Henle → Collecting duct → Distal tubule → Proximal tubule → Bowman's capsule

• D) Collecting duct → Bowman's capsule → Proximal tubule → Loop of Henle → Distal tubule

Correct Answer: A) Bowman's capsule → Proximal tubule → Loop of Henle → Distal tubule → Collecting
duct

Rationale: This is the correct order of filtration and reabsorption in the nephron.

Both endocrine and nervous systems play important roles in maintaining homeostasis.

• A) True

• B) False

Correct Answer: A) True

Rationale: Both systems work together to regulate bodily functions and maintain homeostasis.

Specificity of hormone action in target cells is determined by .

• A) Concentration of the hormone

• B) Receptors

• C) Feedback mechanisms

• D) Hormone solubility

Correct Answer: B) Receptors



• D) Nucleic acids

Correct Answer: C) Lipids

Rationale: The lipid bilayer acts as a barrier to most ions and polar molecules.

Where is the concentration of [K+] greater?

• A) In the extracellular fluid

• B) In the cytoplasm

• C) In the interstitial fluid

• D) In the bloodstream

Correct Answer: B) In the cytoplasm


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, GMS 6440 FUNDAMENTALS OF MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY EXAM LATEST UPDATE 2025/2026
WITH ACCURATE ANSWERS GUARANTEED PASS BEST STUDYING MATERIAL

Rationale: Potassium ions are predominantly found inside cells.

Across a cell's plasma membrane, movement of water is .

• A) Active transport

• B) Passive through a channel

• C) Always facilitated

• D) Never passive

Correct Answer: B) Passive through a channel

Rationale: Water movement typically occurs passively through aquaporins.

Cardiac muscle contraction is considered to be a voluntary movement.

• A) True

B) False

Correct Answer: B) False

Rationale: Cardiac muscle contraction is involuntary and controlled by the autonomic nervous system.

In the gastrointestinal tract, smooth muscle is the major muscle type.

• A) True

B) False

Correct Answer: A) True

Rationale: Smooth muscle is predominant in the gastrointestinal tract, facilitating peristalsis and digestion.

Approximately 8 liters of intestinal juices are secreted into the GI tract daily, with only 100 ml of
water secreted into the feces.



• A) True

B) False

Correct Answer: A) True

Rationale: The majority of intestinal secretions are reabsorbed, leaving minimal water in feces.

Where is the concentration of [Na+] greater?

• A) Inside the cell

• B) Outside the cell

• C) In the cytoplasm


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, GMS 6440 FUNDAMENTALS OF MEDICAL PHYSIOLOGY EXAM LATEST UPDATE 2025/2026
WITH ACCURATE ANSWERS GUARANTEED PASS BEST STUDYING MATERIAL

• D) In the mitochondria

Correct Answer: B) Outside the cell

Rationale: Sodium ions are primarily concentrated in the extracellular fluid.

For a neutrally charged molecule, "Active" transport means that the molecules move across a
membrane:

• A) From high concentration to low concentration

• B) From low concentration to high concentration

• C) Passively without energy

• D) With the gradient

Correct Answer: B) From low concentration to high concentration

Rationale: Active transport requires energy to move substances against their concentration gradient.

What molecule is the source of energy for primary active transport?

• A) ADP

• B) GTP

• C) ATP

• D) NADH

Correct Answer: C) ATP

Rationale: ATP provides the necessary energy for active transport processes.

There is only one type of channel in cell membranes.

• A) True



• B) False

Correct Answer: B) False

Rationale: There are various types of channels, including ion channels, aquaporins, and gated channels.

In primary active transport, solutes move from an area of concentration to an area of
concentration.

• A) High, low

• B) Low, high

• C) Equal, equal

• D) High, equal

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