Jortner Test Questions and Actual
Answers 2025-2026 Updated.
BC - Answer Before Christ
AD - Answer "Year of Our Lord"
CE - Answer Common Era
BCE - Answer Before Common Era
Van Sertima - Answer Had the theories of transatlantic contact before 1492
Cuneiform - Answer First form of writing developed in Sumeria, impressed on clay with a reed
City-State - Answer Large and independent city
Monotheistic - Answer Religion with only one god
Abrahamic Religions - Answer Judaism, Christianity, Islam
Christian Bible is ______ - Answer Old Testament
Jewish Bible is ___ - Answer Tanakh
Tanakh - Answer Composed of the Torah (laws), N-viim (prophets' stories), Khuturim (stories of
everyday life)
Hebrew Bible - Answer Parts of the bible that are written in Hebrew, not written in the order
that they appear
, Prophets - Answer Represent the writings and are supposed to bring the Hebrews back to
their original way
Fall of Northern Kingdom (Israel) - Answer 724-722 BCE
Fall of Judea - Answer 597-586 BCE
Polytheism - Answer Worship of many gods; in ancient times - if the temple was destroyed
then the god was
Restoration of Jerusalem - Answer 538 BCE
Cyrus The Great - Answer Persian who conquers the Babylonians and tell them and he Jews to
return home and rebuild their temples
The Cyrus Cylinder - Answer The message from Cyrus to the Babylonians that tells them to go
home and rebuild their temple to Marduk
First Temple Judaism - Answer 900-587 BCE; believed if the temple was destroyed then god is
Second Temple Judaism - Answer 539 BCE-70 AD; Cyrus restores the Jews and they build a
second temple
Rabbinic Judaism - Answer 70 AD- Present Day
Dualism - Answer Believing in two gods
Zoroastrianism - Answer founded ca. 1000 BCE; believed two gods were fighting over the
world (one good & one evil)
Syncretism - Answer Process by which two religions are close together so they begin to share
ideas