, cTest Bank For Pathophysiology 7th Edition by Jacqu
c c c c c c cc
elyn L. Banasik Chapter 1-54-Grades A+-2023- 2024
c c c c c c
Chapterc01:cIntroductionctocPathophysiologycBana
sik:cPathophysiology,c7thcEdition
MULTIPLEcCHOICE
1. C.Q.cwascrecentlycexposedctocgroupcAchemolyticcStreptococcuscandcsubsequentlycdevelopedca
cpharyngealcinfection.cHisccliniccexaminationcrevealscancoralctemperaturecofc102.3°F,cskincrash
,cdysphagia,candcreddenedcthroatcmucosacwithcmultiplecpustules.cHeccomplainscofcsorecthroat,c
malaise,candcjointcstiffness.cActhroatccultureciscpositivecforcStreptococcus,candcantibioticschave
cbeencprescribed.cThecetiologycofcC.Q.’scdiseasecis
a. acsorecthroat.
b. streptococcalcinfection.
c. geneticcsusceptibility.
d. pharyngitis.
ANS:c B
Etiologycrefersctocthecproposedccausecorccausescofcacparticularcdiseasecprocess.cAcsorecthroatcis
cthecmanifestationcofcthecdiseasecprocess.cGeneticcsusceptibilitycrefersctocinheritedctendencycto
cdevelopcacdisease.cPharyngitiscrefersctocinflammationcofcthecthroatcandciscalsocacclinicalcmani
festationcofcthecdiseasecprocess.
2. Ac17-year-oldccollege-
boundcstudentcreceivescacvaccinecagainstcancorganismcthatccausescmeningitis.cThisciscanc
examplecof
a. primarycprevention.
b. secondarycprevention.
c. tertiarycprevention.
d. diseasectreatment.
ANS:c A
Primarycpreventionciscpreventioncofcdiseasecbycalteringcsusceptibilitycorcreducingcexposurecfor
csusceptiblecindividuals,cincthisccasecbycprovidingcvaccination.cSecondarycpreventionciscthecea
rlycdetection,cscreening,candcmanagementcofcthecdisease.cTertiarycpreventioncincludescrehabili
tativecandcsupportiveccarecandcattemptsctocalleviatecdisabilitycandcrestoreceffectivecfunctioning
.cDiseasectreatmentcinvolvescmanagementcofcthecdiseaseconcecitchascdeveloped.
3. Ancobesecbutcotherwisechealthycteenciscgivencacprescriptioncforcaclow-
caloriecdietcandcexercisecprogram.cThisciscancexamplecof
a. primarycprevention.
b. secondarycprevention.
c. tertiarycprevention.
d. diseasectreatment.
ANS:c B
Secondarycpreventionciscthecearlycdetection,cscreening,candcmanagementcofcthecdiseasecsuchcas
cprescribingcdietcandcexercisecforcancindividualcwhochascalreadycdevelopedcobesity.cPrimarycp
reventionciscpreventioncofcdiseasecbycalteringcsusceptibilitycorcreducingcexposurecforcsuscepti
blecindividuals.cTertiarycpreventioncincludescrehabilitativecandcsupportiveccarecandcattemptsct
ocalleviatecdisabilitycandcrestoreceffectivecfunctioning.cDiseasectreatmentcinvolvescmanageme
ntcofcthecdiseaseconcecitchascdeveloped.
,4. Acpatientcwithchighcbloodcpressurecwhociscotherwisechealthycisccounseledctocrestrictcsodium
c intake.cThisciscancexamplecof
a. primarycprevention.
b. secondarycprevention.
c. tertiarycprevention.
d. diseasectreatment.
ANS:c B
Secondarycpreventionciscthecearlycdetection,cscreening,candcmanagementcofcthecdisease,csuchc
ascbycprescribingcsodiumcrestrictioncforchighcbloodcpressure.cPrimarycpreventionciscprevention
cofcdiseasecbycalteringcsusceptibilitycorcreducingcexposurecforcsusceptiblecindividuals.cTertiar
ycpreventioncincludescrehabilitativecandcsupportiveccarecandcattemptsctocalleviatecdisabilitycan
dcrestoreceffectivecfunctioning.cDiseasectreatmentcinvolvescmanagementcofcthecdiseaseconcecit
chascdeveloped.
5. Aftercsufferingcacheartcattack,cacmiddle-agedcmancisccounseledctoctakecaccholesterol-
loweringcmedication.cThisciscancexamplecof
a. primarycprevention.
b. secondarycprevention.
c. tertiarycprevention.
d. diseasectreatment.
ANS:c C
Tertiarycpreventioncincludescrehabilitativecandcsupportiveccarecandcattemptsctocalleviatecdisabi
litycandcrestoreceffectivecfunctioningcsuchcascprescribingcaccholesterol-
loweringcmedicationcfollowingcacheartcattack.cPrimarycpreventionciscpreventioncofcdiseasecbyc
alteringcsusceptibilitycorcreducingcexposurecforcsusceptiblecindividuals.cSecondarycprevention
ciscthecearlycdetection,cscreening,candcmanagementcofcthecdisease.cDiseasectreatmentcinvolvesc
managementcofcthecdiseaseconcecitchascdeveloped.
6. Acpatientchascbeencexposedctocmeningococcalcmeningitis,cbutciscnotcyetcdemonstratingcsignscof
c thiscdisease.cThiscstagecofcillnesscisccalledcthe stage.
a. prodromal
b. latent
c. sequela
d. convalescence
ANS:c B
Incubationcrefersctocthecintervalcbetweencexposurecofcactissuectocancinjuriouscagentcandcthecfirst
cappearancecofcsignscandcsymptoms.cIncinfectiouscdiseases,cthiscperiodciscoftenccalledcthecincu
bationc(latent)cperiod.cProdromalcrefersctocthecappearancecofcthecfirstcsignscandcsymptomscindi
catingctheconsetcofcacdisease.cThesecarecoftencnonspecific,csuchcascheadache,cmalaise,canorexia
,candcnausea,cwhichcarecassociatedcwithcacnumbercofcdifferentcdiseases.cSequelacrefersctocsubse
quentcpathologiccconditioncresultingcfromcacdisease.cConvalescenceciscthecstagecofcrecoverycaf
tercacdisease,cinjury,corcsurgicalcoperation.
7. Acdiseasecthatciscnativectocacparticularcregioncisccalled
a. epidemic.
b. endemic.
c. pandemic.
d. ethnographic.
, ANS:c B
Acdiseasecthatciscnativectocacparticularcregioncisccalledcendemic.cAncepidemicciscacdiseasecthatcspr
eadsctocmanycindividualscatcthecsamectime.cPandemicscarecepidemicscthatcaffectclargecgeographi
ccregions,cperhapscspreadingcworldwide.cEthnographiccdoescnotcdescribecacdiseasecdistributioncp
attern.
8. Incgeneral,cwithcaging,corgancsizecandcfunction
a. increase.
b. decrease.
c. remaincthecsame.
d. arecunknown.
ANS:c B
Incgeneral,cwithcaging,corgancsizecandcfunctioncdecrease.
9. Thecstagecduringcwhichcthecpatientcfunctionscnormally,calthoughcthecdiseasecprocessescarecwell
c established,ciscreferredctocas
a. latent.
b. subclinical.
c. prodromal.
d. convalescence.
ANS:c B
Thecstagecduringcwhichcthecpatientcfunctionscnormally,calthoughcthecdiseasecprocessescarecwell
cestablished,cisccalledcthecsubclinicalcstage.cThecintervalcbetweencexposurecofcactissuectocancinj
uriouscagentcandcthecfirstcappearancecofcsignscandcsymptomscmaycbeccalledcaclatentcperiodcor,c
inctheccasecofcinfectiouscdiseases,cancincubationcperiod.cThecprodromalcperiod,corcprodrome,cr
efersctocthecappearancecofcthecfirstcsignscandcsymptomscindicatingctheconsetcofcacdisease.cCon
valescenceciscthecstagecofcrecoverycaftercacdisease,cinjury,corcsurgicalcoperation.
MULTIPLEcRESPONSE
1. Yourcpatient’scredcbloodccellccountciscslightlycelevatedctoday.cThiscmightcbecexplainedcby
c (Selectcallcthatcapply.)
a. gendercdifference.
b. situationalcfactors.
c. normalcvariation.
d. culturalcvariation.
e. illness.
ANS:c A,cB,cC,cE
Gender,csituationsc(e.g.,caltitude),cnormalcvariations,candcillnesscmaycallcdeterminecredcbloodcc
ellccount.cCulturecaffectschowcmanifestationscarecperceivedc(normalcversuscabnormal).
2. Socioeconomiccfactorscinfluencecdiseasecdevelopmentcbecausecofc(Selectcallcthatcapply.)
a. genetics.
b. environmentalctoxins.
c. overcrowding.
d. nutrition.
e. hygiene.
c c c c c c cc
elyn L. Banasik Chapter 1-54-Grades A+-2023- 2024
c c c c c c
Chapterc01:cIntroductionctocPathophysiologycBana
sik:cPathophysiology,c7thcEdition
MULTIPLEcCHOICE
1. C.Q.cwascrecentlycexposedctocgroupcAchemolyticcStreptococcuscandcsubsequentlycdevelopedca
cpharyngealcinfection.cHisccliniccexaminationcrevealscancoralctemperaturecofc102.3°F,cskincrash
,cdysphagia,candcreddenedcthroatcmucosacwithcmultiplecpustules.cHeccomplainscofcsorecthroat,c
malaise,candcjointcstiffness.cActhroatccultureciscpositivecforcStreptococcus,candcantibioticschave
cbeencprescribed.cThecetiologycofcC.Q.’scdiseasecis
a. acsorecthroat.
b. streptococcalcinfection.
c. geneticcsusceptibility.
d. pharyngitis.
ANS:c B
Etiologycrefersctocthecproposedccausecorccausescofcacparticularcdiseasecprocess.cAcsorecthroatcis
cthecmanifestationcofcthecdiseasecprocess.cGeneticcsusceptibilitycrefersctocinheritedctendencycto
cdevelopcacdisease.cPharyngitiscrefersctocinflammationcofcthecthroatcandciscalsocacclinicalcmani
festationcofcthecdiseasecprocess.
2. Ac17-year-oldccollege-
boundcstudentcreceivescacvaccinecagainstcancorganismcthatccausescmeningitis.cThisciscanc
examplecof
a. primarycprevention.
b. secondarycprevention.
c. tertiarycprevention.
d. diseasectreatment.
ANS:c A
Primarycpreventionciscpreventioncofcdiseasecbycalteringcsusceptibilitycorcreducingcexposurecfor
csusceptiblecindividuals,cincthisccasecbycprovidingcvaccination.cSecondarycpreventionciscthecea
rlycdetection,cscreening,candcmanagementcofcthecdisease.cTertiarycpreventioncincludescrehabili
tativecandcsupportiveccarecandcattemptsctocalleviatecdisabilitycandcrestoreceffectivecfunctioning
.cDiseasectreatmentcinvolvescmanagementcofcthecdiseaseconcecitchascdeveloped.
3. Ancobesecbutcotherwisechealthycteenciscgivencacprescriptioncforcaclow-
caloriecdietcandcexercisecprogram.cThisciscancexamplecof
a. primarycprevention.
b. secondarycprevention.
c. tertiarycprevention.
d. diseasectreatment.
ANS:c B
Secondarycpreventionciscthecearlycdetection,cscreening,candcmanagementcofcthecdiseasecsuchcas
cprescribingcdietcandcexercisecforcancindividualcwhochascalreadycdevelopedcobesity.cPrimarycp
reventionciscpreventioncofcdiseasecbycalteringcsusceptibilitycorcreducingcexposurecforcsuscepti
blecindividuals.cTertiarycpreventioncincludescrehabilitativecandcsupportiveccarecandcattemptsct
ocalleviatecdisabilitycandcrestoreceffectivecfunctioning.cDiseasectreatmentcinvolvescmanageme
ntcofcthecdiseaseconcecitchascdeveloped.
,4. Acpatientcwithchighcbloodcpressurecwhociscotherwisechealthycisccounseledctocrestrictcsodium
c intake.cThisciscancexamplecof
a. primarycprevention.
b. secondarycprevention.
c. tertiarycprevention.
d. diseasectreatment.
ANS:c B
Secondarycpreventionciscthecearlycdetection,cscreening,candcmanagementcofcthecdisease,csuchc
ascbycprescribingcsodiumcrestrictioncforchighcbloodcpressure.cPrimarycpreventionciscprevention
cofcdiseasecbycalteringcsusceptibilitycorcreducingcexposurecforcsusceptiblecindividuals.cTertiar
ycpreventioncincludescrehabilitativecandcsupportiveccarecandcattemptsctocalleviatecdisabilitycan
dcrestoreceffectivecfunctioning.cDiseasectreatmentcinvolvescmanagementcofcthecdiseaseconcecit
chascdeveloped.
5. Aftercsufferingcacheartcattack,cacmiddle-agedcmancisccounseledctoctakecaccholesterol-
loweringcmedication.cThisciscancexamplecof
a. primarycprevention.
b. secondarycprevention.
c. tertiarycprevention.
d. diseasectreatment.
ANS:c C
Tertiarycpreventioncincludescrehabilitativecandcsupportiveccarecandcattemptsctocalleviatecdisabi
litycandcrestoreceffectivecfunctioningcsuchcascprescribingcaccholesterol-
loweringcmedicationcfollowingcacheartcattack.cPrimarycpreventionciscpreventioncofcdiseasecbyc
alteringcsusceptibilitycorcreducingcexposurecforcsusceptiblecindividuals.cSecondarycprevention
ciscthecearlycdetection,cscreening,candcmanagementcofcthecdisease.cDiseasectreatmentcinvolvesc
managementcofcthecdiseaseconcecitchascdeveloped.
6. Acpatientchascbeencexposedctocmeningococcalcmeningitis,cbutciscnotcyetcdemonstratingcsignscof
c thiscdisease.cThiscstagecofcillnesscisccalledcthe stage.
a. prodromal
b. latent
c. sequela
d. convalescence
ANS:c B
Incubationcrefersctocthecintervalcbetweencexposurecofcactissuectocancinjuriouscagentcandcthecfirst
cappearancecofcsignscandcsymptoms.cIncinfectiouscdiseases,cthiscperiodciscoftenccalledcthecincu
bationc(latent)cperiod.cProdromalcrefersctocthecappearancecofcthecfirstcsignscandcsymptomscindi
catingctheconsetcofcacdisease.cThesecarecoftencnonspecific,csuchcascheadache,cmalaise,canorexia
,candcnausea,cwhichcarecassociatedcwithcacnumbercofcdifferentcdiseases.cSequelacrefersctocsubse
quentcpathologiccconditioncresultingcfromcacdisease.cConvalescenceciscthecstagecofcrecoverycaf
tercacdisease,cinjury,corcsurgicalcoperation.
7. Acdiseasecthatciscnativectocacparticularcregioncisccalled
a. epidemic.
b. endemic.
c. pandemic.
d. ethnographic.
, ANS:c B
Acdiseasecthatciscnativectocacparticularcregioncisccalledcendemic.cAncepidemicciscacdiseasecthatcspr
eadsctocmanycindividualscatcthecsamectime.cPandemicscarecepidemicscthatcaffectclargecgeographi
ccregions,cperhapscspreadingcworldwide.cEthnographiccdoescnotcdescribecacdiseasecdistributioncp
attern.
8. Incgeneral,cwithcaging,corgancsizecandcfunction
a. increase.
b. decrease.
c. remaincthecsame.
d. arecunknown.
ANS:c B
Incgeneral,cwithcaging,corgancsizecandcfunctioncdecrease.
9. Thecstagecduringcwhichcthecpatientcfunctionscnormally,calthoughcthecdiseasecprocessescarecwell
c established,ciscreferredctocas
a. latent.
b. subclinical.
c. prodromal.
d. convalescence.
ANS:c B
Thecstagecduringcwhichcthecpatientcfunctionscnormally,calthoughcthecdiseasecprocessescarecwell
cestablished,cisccalledcthecsubclinicalcstage.cThecintervalcbetweencexposurecofcactissuectocancinj
uriouscagentcandcthecfirstcappearancecofcsignscandcsymptomscmaycbeccalledcaclatentcperiodcor,c
inctheccasecofcinfectiouscdiseases,cancincubationcperiod.cThecprodromalcperiod,corcprodrome,cr
efersctocthecappearancecofcthecfirstcsignscandcsymptomscindicatingctheconsetcofcacdisease.cCon
valescenceciscthecstagecofcrecoverycaftercacdisease,cinjury,corcsurgicalcoperation.
MULTIPLEcRESPONSE
1. Yourcpatient’scredcbloodccellccountciscslightlycelevatedctoday.cThiscmightcbecexplainedcby
c (Selectcallcthatcapply.)
a. gendercdifference.
b. situationalcfactors.
c. normalcvariation.
d. culturalcvariation.
e. illness.
ANS:c A,cB,cC,cE
Gender,csituationsc(e.g.,caltitude),cnormalcvariations,candcillnesscmaycallcdeterminecredcbloodcc
ellccount.cCulturecaffectschowcmanifestationscarecperceivedc(normalcversuscabnormal).
2. Socioeconomiccfactorscinfluencecdiseasecdevelopmentcbecausecofc(Selectcallcthatcapply.)
a. genetics.
b. environmentalctoxins.
c. overcrowding.
d. nutrition.
e. hygiene.
