MCAT - (Section 1B) Biological and
Biochemical Foundations of Living
Systems
3' poly-A tail - ANS-brought to three' end of mRNA transcript and protects the message
towards rapid degradation, composed of multiple adenines
five' cap - ANS-7-methylguanylate triphosphate cap, identified through ribosome as binding
web page and protects mRNA from degradation in cytoplasm
A-T vs C-G bonding - ANS-C-G is bound extra tightly than A-T as it has 3 in place of two
h-bonds
activation domain - ANS-allows for binding of numerous transcription factors and different
essential regulatory proteins
centromeres - ANS-Located in the middle of the "X", they keep the chromatids together in a
chromosome. They additionally help the chromosomes attach to the spindle fibers.
DNA binding area - ANS-binds to a specific nucleotide collection within the promoter vicinity
or to a DNA response element to assist inside the recruitment of transcriptional equipment
DNA polymerase - ANS-III is utilized in prokaryotes, alpha, delta, and epsilon are used in
eukaryotes to synthesize the daughter DNA strands from 5' to three' (reading determine
strand three' to 5')
DNA polymerase beta and epsilon - ANS-worried in DNA restore
DNA polymerase delta - ANS-Adds DNA nucleotides where the RNA primer turned into, is
DNA polymerase I in prokaryotes
DNA polymerase delta and epsilon - ANS-assisted by the PCNA protein which assembles
into a trimer to form the sliding clamp (strengthens the interplay among the DNA
polymerases and template strand)
DNA polymerase gamma - ANS-replaces mitochondrial DNA
enhancer - ANS-A DNA section containing multiple manage elements that could understand
sure transcription elements that stimulate the transcription of close by genes.
Free pyrophosphate (PPi) - ANS-launched upon the formation of a new phosphodiester
bond
Biochemical Foundations of Living
Systems
3' poly-A tail - ANS-brought to three' end of mRNA transcript and protects the message
towards rapid degradation, composed of multiple adenines
five' cap - ANS-7-methylguanylate triphosphate cap, identified through ribosome as binding
web page and protects mRNA from degradation in cytoplasm
A-T vs C-G bonding - ANS-C-G is bound extra tightly than A-T as it has 3 in place of two
h-bonds
activation domain - ANS-allows for binding of numerous transcription factors and different
essential regulatory proteins
centromeres - ANS-Located in the middle of the "X", they keep the chromatids together in a
chromosome. They additionally help the chromosomes attach to the spindle fibers.
DNA binding area - ANS-binds to a specific nucleotide collection within the promoter vicinity
or to a DNA response element to assist inside the recruitment of transcriptional equipment
DNA polymerase - ANS-III is utilized in prokaryotes, alpha, delta, and epsilon are used in
eukaryotes to synthesize the daughter DNA strands from 5' to three' (reading determine
strand three' to 5')
DNA polymerase beta and epsilon - ANS-worried in DNA restore
DNA polymerase delta - ANS-Adds DNA nucleotides where the RNA primer turned into, is
DNA polymerase I in prokaryotes
DNA polymerase delta and epsilon - ANS-assisted by the PCNA protein which assembles
into a trimer to form the sliding clamp (strengthens the interplay among the DNA
polymerases and template strand)
DNA polymerase gamma - ANS-replaces mitochondrial DNA
enhancer - ANS-A DNA section containing multiple manage elements that could understand
sure transcription elements that stimulate the transcription of close by genes.
Free pyrophosphate (PPi) - ANS-launched upon the formation of a new phosphodiester
bond
