Understanding anatomy & Physiology
Chapter 3 & 4 Gale Sloan Thompson
Questions and Answers
Active transport - CORRECT ANSWERS -transport process in which solutes move form an area of
lesser to greater concentration; requires energy in the form of ATP
Cilia - CORRECT ANSWERS -hair-like processes on the surface of the cell that propel materials
across the surface
Deoxyribonucleic (DNA) - CORRECT ANSWERS -large polymer of a nucleotide that carries the
genetic information of a cell
Diffusion - CORRECT ANSWERS -a passive transport mechanism that involves the movement of
particles from an area of higher to lower concentration
Endocytosis - CORRECT ANSWERS -form of vesicular transport that brings substances into the
cell
Exocytosis - CORRECT ANSWERS -from of vesicular transport that releases substances out side
of the cell
Facilitated diffusion - CORRECT ANSWERS -Transport process in which water and dissolved
particles are forced across a membrane from an are of higher to lower pressure
Golgi apparatus - CORRECT ANSWERS -post office of the cell
Prepares proteins and packages them for export to other parts of the body
Hydrostatic pressure - CORRECT ANSWERS -pressure exerted by water
Hypertonic - CORRECT ANSWERS -pertain to a solution that contains a higher concentration of
solutes compared to the fluid within the cell
Hypotonic - CORRECT ANSWERS -pertain to a solution that contains a lower concentration of
solutes compared to the fluid within the cell
Isotonic - CORRECT ANSWERS -pertain to a solution in which the concentration of solutes in the
solution is the same as the concentration of solutes in the cell
Microvilli - CORRECT ANSWERS -bladder intestines
Fold of a cell membrane that greatly increase the surface area of a cell to facilitate absorption
Mitochondria - CORRECT ANSWERS -power plant
, Organelle that coverts organic compounds into ATP
Mitosis - CORRECT ANSWERS -type of cell division in which the mother cell splits in to two
identical daughter cells
Nucleus - CORRECT ANSWERS -the most important part of the cell
The cells control center that contains a complete set of 46 chromosomes
Organelles - CORRECT ANSWERS -gives the cell its shape
The structures within the cell that perform specific task in the cellular metabolism
Osmosis - CORRECT ANSWERS -a passive transport mechanism involving the diffusion of water
from an area of greater concentration of eater to an area of lesser concentration of water
Osmotic pressure - CORRECT ANSWERS -water pressure that developed in a solution as a result
of osmosis
Phagocytosis - CORRECT ANSWERS -process in which fluids and dissolved particles are trapped
in the plasma membrane and brought into the cell
Plasma membrane - CORRECT ANSWERS -Fence keeping things in
The external boundary of the cell
Polymer - CORRECT ANSWERS -large molecules consisting of many smaller molecules joined in
sequence
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) - CORRECT ANSWERS -nucleotide that assist in protein synthesis
Ribosomes - CORRECT ANSWERS -granules of protein and RNA scattered through the cytoplasm
; some are attached to the endoplasmic reticulum
Nerve cells - CORRECT ANSWERS -long extension allow these cells to quickly transmit electrical
impulses from one part of the body to anther
Muscle cells - CORRECT ANSWERS -elongated thread-like fibers can shorten to allow body parts
to move
Red blood cells - CORRECT ANSWERS -concave shape allows these cells to bend and squeeze
through tiny blood vessels
Gland cells - CORRECT ANSWERS -intracellular sacs store and release substances such as
hormones, enzymes, mucus and sweat
Immune cells - CORRECT ANSWERS -these cells can recognize and destroy foreign invaders
some engulf or destroy foreign cells directly others manufacture antibodies.
Chapter 3 & 4 Gale Sloan Thompson
Questions and Answers
Active transport - CORRECT ANSWERS -transport process in which solutes move form an area of
lesser to greater concentration; requires energy in the form of ATP
Cilia - CORRECT ANSWERS -hair-like processes on the surface of the cell that propel materials
across the surface
Deoxyribonucleic (DNA) - CORRECT ANSWERS -large polymer of a nucleotide that carries the
genetic information of a cell
Diffusion - CORRECT ANSWERS -a passive transport mechanism that involves the movement of
particles from an area of higher to lower concentration
Endocytosis - CORRECT ANSWERS -form of vesicular transport that brings substances into the
cell
Exocytosis - CORRECT ANSWERS -from of vesicular transport that releases substances out side
of the cell
Facilitated diffusion - CORRECT ANSWERS -Transport process in which water and dissolved
particles are forced across a membrane from an are of higher to lower pressure
Golgi apparatus - CORRECT ANSWERS -post office of the cell
Prepares proteins and packages them for export to other parts of the body
Hydrostatic pressure - CORRECT ANSWERS -pressure exerted by water
Hypertonic - CORRECT ANSWERS -pertain to a solution that contains a higher concentration of
solutes compared to the fluid within the cell
Hypotonic - CORRECT ANSWERS -pertain to a solution that contains a lower concentration of
solutes compared to the fluid within the cell
Isotonic - CORRECT ANSWERS -pertain to a solution in which the concentration of solutes in the
solution is the same as the concentration of solutes in the cell
Microvilli - CORRECT ANSWERS -bladder intestines
Fold of a cell membrane that greatly increase the surface area of a cell to facilitate absorption
Mitochondria - CORRECT ANSWERS -power plant
, Organelle that coverts organic compounds into ATP
Mitosis - CORRECT ANSWERS -type of cell division in which the mother cell splits in to two
identical daughter cells
Nucleus - CORRECT ANSWERS -the most important part of the cell
The cells control center that contains a complete set of 46 chromosomes
Organelles - CORRECT ANSWERS -gives the cell its shape
The structures within the cell that perform specific task in the cellular metabolism
Osmosis - CORRECT ANSWERS -a passive transport mechanism involving the diffusion of water
from an area of greater concentration of eater to an area of lesser concentration of water
Osmotic pressure - CORRECT ANSWERS -water pressure that developed in a solution as a result
of osmosis
Phagocytosis - CORRECT ANSWERS -process in which fluids and dissolved particles are trapped
in the plasma membrane and brought into the cell
Plasma membrane - CORRECT ANSWERS -Fence keeping things in
The external boundary of the cell
Polymer - CORRECT ANSWERS -large molecules consisting of many smaller molecules joined in
sequence
Ribonucleic acid (RNA) - CORRECT ANSWERS -nucleotide that assist in protein synthesis
Ribosomes - CORRECT ANSWERS -granules of protein and RNA scattered through the cytoplasm
; some are attached to the endoplasmic reticulum
Nerve cells - CORRECT ANSWERS -long extension allow these cells to quickly transmit electrical
impulses from one part of the body to anther
Muscle cells - CORRECT ANSWERS -elongated thread-like fibers can shorten to allow body parts
to move
Red blood cells - CORRECT ANSWERS -concave shape allows these cells to bend and squeeze
through tiny blood vessels
Gland cells - CORRECT ANSWERS -intracellular sacs store and release substances such as
hormones, enzymes, mucus and sweat
Immune cells - CORRECT ANSWERS -these cells can recognize and destroy foreign invaders
some engulf or destroy foreign cells directly others manufacture antibodies.
