Anatomy & Physiology Chapter 3 & 4
Gale Sloan Thompson –QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
active transport - ANS>>transport process in which solutes move form an area of lesser
to greater concentration; requires energy in the form of ATP
cilia - ANS>>hair-like processes on the surface of the cell that propel materials across
the surface
Deoxyribonucleic (DNA) - ANS>>large polymer of a nucleotide that carries the genetic
information of a cell
diffusion - ANS>>a passive transport mechanism that involves the movement of
particles from an area of higher to lower concentration
endocytosis - ANS>>form of vesicular transport that brings substances into the cell
exocytosis - ANS>>from of vesicular transport that releases substances out side of the
cell
Facilitated diffusion - ANS>>Transport process in which water and dissolved particles
are forced across a membrane from an are of higher to lower pressure
golgi apparatus - ANS>>post office of the cell
prepares proteins and packages them for export to other parts of the body
hydrostatic pressure - ANS>>pressure exerted by water
hypertonic - ANS>>pertain to a solution that contains a higher concentration of solutes
compared to the fluid within the cell
hypotonic - ANS>>pertain to a solution that contains a lower concentration of solutes
compared to the fluid within the cell
isotonic - ANS>>pertain to a solution in which the concentration of solutes in the
solution is the same as the concentration of solutes in the cell
microvilli - ANS>>bladder intestines
fold of a cell membrane that greatly increase the surface area of a cell to facilitate
absorption
, mitochondria - ANS>>power plant
organelle that coverts organic compounds into ATP
mitosis - ANS>>type of cell division in which the mother cell splits in to two identical
daughter cells
nucleus - ANS>>the most important part of the cell
the cells control center that contains a complete set of 46 chromosomes
organelles - ANS>>gives the cell its shape
the structures within the cell that perform specific task in the cellular metabolism
osmosis - ANS>>a passive transport mechanism involving the diffusion of water from an
area of greater concentration of eater to an area of lesser concentration of water
osmotic pressure - ANS>>water pressure that developed in a solution as a result of
osmosis
phagocytosis - ANS>>process in which fluids and dissolved particles are trapped in the
plasma membrane and brought into the cell
plasma membrane - ANS>>Fence keeping things in
the external boundary of the cell
polymer - ANS>>large molecules consisting of many smaller molecules joined in
sequence
ribonucleic acid (RNA) - ANS>>nucleotide that assist in protein synthesis
ribosomes - ANS>>granules of protein and RNA scattered through the cytoplasm ;
some are attached to the endoplasmic reticulum
nerve cells - ANS>>long extension allow these cells to quickly transmit electrical
impulses from one part of the body to anther
muscle cells - ANS>>elongated thread-like fibers can shorten to allow body parts to
move
red blood cells - ANS>>concave shape allows these cells to bend and squeeze through
tiny blood vessels
gland cells - ANS>>intracellular sacs store and release substances such as hormones,
enzymes, mucus and sweat
immune cells - ANS>>these cells can recognize and destroy foreign invaders some
engulf or destroy foreign cells directly others manufacture antibodies.
Gale Sloan Thompson –QUESTIONS
AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
active transport - ANS>>transport process in which solutes move form an area of lesser
to greater concentration; requires energy in the form of ATP
cilia - ANS>>hair-like processes on the surface of the cell that propel materials across
the surface
Deoxyribonucleic (DNA) - ANS>>large polymer of a nucleotide that carries the genetic
information of a cell
diffusion - ANS>>a passive transport mechanism that involves the movement of
particles from an area of higher to lower concentration
endocytosis - ANS>>form of vesicular transport that brings substances into the cell
exocytosis - ANS>>from of vesicular transport that releases substances out side of the
cell
Facilitated diffusion - ANS>>Transport process in which water and dissolved particles
are forced across a membrane from an are of higher to lower pressure
golgi apparatus - ANS>>post office of the cell
prepares proteins and packages them for export to other parts of the body
hydrostatic pressure - ANS>>pressure exerted by water
hypertonic - ANS>>pertain to a solution that contains a higher concentration of solutes
compared to the fluid within the cell
hypotonic - ANS>>pertain to a solution that contains a lower concentration of solutes
compared to the fluid within the cell
isotonic - ANS>>pertain to a solution in which the concentration of solutes in the
solution is the same as the concentration of solutes in the cell
microvilli - ANS>>bladder intestines
fold of a cell membrane that greatly increase the surface area of a cell to facilitate
absorption
, mitochondria - ANS>>power plant
organelle that coverts organic compounds into ATP
mitosis - ANS>>type of cell division in which the mother cell splits in to two identical
daughter cells
nucleus - ANS>>the most important part of the cell
the cells control center that contains a complete set of 46 chromosomes
organelles - ANS>>gives the cell its shape
the structures within the cell that perform specific task in the cellular metabolism
osmosis - ANS>>a passive transport mechanism involving the diffusion of water from an
area of greater concentration of eater to an area of lesser concentration of water
osmotic pressure - ANS>>water pressure that developed in a solution as a result of
osmosis
phagocytosis - ANS>>process in which fluids and dissolved particles are trapped in the
plasma membrane and brought into the cell
plasma membrane - ANS>>Fence keeping things in
the external boundary of the cell
polymer - ANS>>large molecules consisting of many smaller molecules joined in
sequence
ribonucleic acid (RNA) - ANS>>nucleotide that assist in protein synthesis
ribosomes - ANS>>granules of protein and RNA scattered through the cytoplasm ;
some are attached to the endoplasmic reticulum
nerve cells - ANS>>long extension allow these cells to quickly transmit electrical
impulses from one part of the body to anther
muscle cells - ANS>>elongated thread-like fibers can shorten to allow body parts to
move
red blood cells - ANS>>concave shape allows these cells to bend and squeeze through
tiny blood vessels
gland cells - ANS>>intracellular sacs store and release substances such as hormones,
enzymes, mucus and sweat
immune cells - ANS>>these cells can recognize and destroy foreign invaders some
engulf or destroy foreign cells directly others manufacture antibodies.
