,Solution Manual 8 %
Fundamentals of Environmental Sampli 8% 8% 8%
ng and Analysis
8% 8
%
Second Edition
8%
Chunlong Zhang 8%
University of Houston-
8% 8%
Clear Lake Texas, USA
8% 8% 8%
,This edition first published 2024
8% 8% 8% 8%
© 2024 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
Edition History 8%
First edition © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
All rights reserved, including rights for text and data mining and training of artificial technologies or si
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
milar technologies. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or trans
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
mitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
as permitted by law. Advice on how to obtain permission to reuse material from this title is available a
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
t http://www.wiley.com/go/ permissions.
8% 8%
The right of Chunlong Zhang to be identified as the author of this editorial material in this work has b
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
een asserted in accordance with law.
8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
Registered Office 8%
John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
For details of our global editorial offices, customer services, and more information about Wiley products vi
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
sit us at www.wiley.com.
8% 8% 8%
Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats and by print-on-
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
demand. Some content that appears in standard print versions of this book may not be available in other f
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
ormats.
Trademarks: Wiley and the Wiley logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and/
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
or its affiliates in the United States and other countries and may not be used without written permission
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. is not associ
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
ated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book.
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty
8% 8% 8% 8%
In view of ongoing research, equipment modifications, changes in governmental regulations, and the constan
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
t flow of information relating to the use of experimental reagents, equipment, and devices, the reader is urge
8% 8 % 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
d to review and
8% 8% 8%
evaluate the information provided in the package insert or instructions for each chemical, piece of equipment, re
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
agent, or device for, among other things, any changes in the instructions or indication of usage and for add
8 % 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
ed warnings
8%
and precautions. While the publisher and authors have used their best efforts in preparing this work, they make
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this work an
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
d specifically disclaim all warranties, including without limitation any implied warranties of merchantability or
8% 8 % 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales representatives, written sale
8% 8% 8% 8 % 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
s materials or promotional statements for this work. The fact that an organization, website, or product is refe
8% 8% 8% 8 % 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
rred to in this work as a citation and/ or potential source of further information does not mean that the publi
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
sher and authors endorse the information or services the organization, website, or product may provide or reco
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
mmendations it may make. This work is sold with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in ren
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8 % 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
dering professional services. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situatio
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8 % 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
n. You should consult with a specialist where appropriate. Further, readers should be aware that websites liste
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8 % 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
d in this work may have changed or disappeared between when this work was written and when it is read. N
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8 % 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
either the publisher nor authors shall be liable for any loss of profit or any other commercial damages, inclu
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8 % 8%
ding but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages.
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
8% 8% 8% 8%
Names: Zhang, Chunlong, 1964- author. | John Wiley & Sons, publisher.
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
Title: Fundamentals of environmental sampling and analysis / Chunlong Zhang.
8 % 8 % 8 % 8 % 8 % 8 % 8 % 8 % 8 %
Description: Second edition. | Hoboken, NJ : JW-
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
Wiley, 2024. | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2023057815 (print) | Set ISB
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
N 9781394244621 | ISBN 9781394241651 (epdf) |
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
ISBN 9781394241668 (epub) | ISBN 9781394241644 (SM)
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
Subjects: LCSH: Environmental sampling. | Environmental sciences--
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
Statistical methods. Classification: LCC GE45.S75 Z43 2024 (print) | LCC GE45.S75 (ebook) | D
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
DC 628--dc23/eng/20240131 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2023057815
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2023057816
8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
Cover Design: Wiley 8% 8%
Cover Image: © Iana Kunitsa/Getty Images
8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
, Set in 9.5/12.5pt STIXTwoText by Integra Software Services Pvt. Ltd, Pondicherry, India
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
Fundamentals of Environmental Sampli 8% 8% 8%
ng and Analysis
8% 8
%
Second Edition
8%
Chunlong Zhang 8%
University of Houston-
8% 8%
Clear Lake Texas, USA
8% 8% 8%
,This edition first published 2024
8% 8% 8% 8%
© 2024 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
Edition History 8%
First edition © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
All rights reserved, including rights for text and data mining and training of artificial technologies or si
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
milar technologies. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or trans
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
mitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
as permitted by law. Advice on how to obtain permission to reuse material from this title is available a
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
t http://www.wiley.com/go/ permissions.
8% 8%
The right of Chunlong Zhang to be identified as the author of this editorial material in this work has b
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
een asserted in accordance with law.
8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
Registered Office 8%
John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
For details of our global editorial offices, customer services, and more information about Wiley products vi
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
sit us at www.wiley.com.
8% 8% 8%
Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats and by print-on-
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
demand. Some content that appears in standard print versions of this book may not be available in other f
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
ormats.
Trademarks: Wiley and the Wiley logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of John Wiley & Sons, Inc. and/
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
or its affiliates in the United States and other countries and may not be used without written permission
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. is not associ
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
ated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book.
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
Limit of Liability/Disclaimer of Warranty
8% 8% 8% 8%
In view of ongoing research, equipment modifications, changes in governmental regulations, and the constan
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
t flow of information relating to the use of experimental reagents, equipment, and devices, the reader is urge
8% 8 % 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
d to review and
8% 8% 8%
evaluate the information provided in the package insert or instructions for each chemical, piece of equipment, re
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
agent, or device for, among other things, any changes in the instructions or indication of usage and for add
8 % 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
ed warnings
8%
and precautions. While the publisher and authors have used their best efforts in preparing this work, they make
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this work an
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
d specifically disclaim all warranties, including without limitation any implied warranties of merchantability or
8% 8 % 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
fitness for a particular purpose. No warranty may be created or extended by sales representatives, written sale
8% 8% 8% 8 % 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
s materials or promotional statements for this work. The fact that an organization, website, or product is refe
8% 8% 8% 8 % 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
rred to in this work as a citation and/ or potential source of further information does not mean that the publi
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
sher and authors endorse the information or services the organization, website, or product may provide or reco
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
mmendations it may make. This work is sold with the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in ren
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8 % 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
dering professional services. The advice and strategies contained herein may not be suitable for your situatio
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8 % 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
n. You should consult with a specialist where appropriate. Further, readers should be aware that websites liste
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8 % 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
d in this work may have changed or disappeared between when this work was written and when it is read. N
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8 % 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
either the publisher nor authors shall be liable for any loss of profit or any other commercial damages, inclu
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8 % 8%
ding but not limited to special, incidental, consequential, or other damages.
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
8% 8% 8% 8%
Names: Zhang, Chunlong, 1964- author. | John Wiley & Sons, publisher.
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
Title: Fundamentals of environmental sampling and analysis / Chunlong Zhang.
8 % 8 % 8 % 8 % 8 % 8 % 8 % 8 % 8 %
Description: Second edition. | Hoboken, NJ : JW-
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
Wiley, 2024. | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2023057815 (print) | Set ISB
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
N 9781394244621 | ISBN 9781394241651 (epdf) |
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
ISBN 9781394241668 (epub) | ISBN 9781394241644 (SM)
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
Subjects: LCSH: Environmental sampling. | Environmental sciences--
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
Statistical methods. Classification: LCC GE45.S75 Z43 2024 (print) | LCC GE45.S75 (ebook) | D
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
DC 628--dc23/eng/20240131 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2023057815
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2023057816
8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
Cover Design: Wiley 8% 8%
Cover Image: © Iana Kunitsa/Getty Images
8% 8% 8% 8% 8%
, Set in 9.5/12.5pt STIXTwoText by Integra Software Services Pvt. Ltd, Pondicherry, India
8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8% 8%