,TABLE OF CONTENTS b b
CHAPTER ONE b
Financial Statements and Business Decisions
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CHAPTER TWO b
Investing and Financing Decisions and the Accounting System
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CHAPTER THREE b
Operating Decisions and the Accounting System
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CHAPTER FOUR b
Adjustments, Financial Statements, and the Closing Process
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CHAPTER FIVE b
Reportingand Interpreting Sales Revenue, Receivables, and Cash
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CHAPTER SIX b
Reporting and Interpreting Cost of Sales and Inventory
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CHAPTER SEVEN b
Reporting and Interpreting Long-Lived Assets
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CHAPTER EIGHT b
ReportingandInterpreting Current Liabilities
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CHAPTER NINE b
Reporting and Interpreting Non-current Liabilities
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CHAPTER TEN b
Reporting and Interpreting Shareholders' Equity
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CHAPTER ELEVEN b
Statement of Cash Flows
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CHAPTER TWELVE b
Communicating Accounting Information and Analyzing Financial Statements
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CHAPTER THIRTEEN b
Reportingand Interpreting Investments in Other Corporations
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,CHAPTER ONE
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FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND BUSINESS DECISIONS
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ANSWERSTOQUESTIONS b b
1. Accounting is a system that collects and processes (analyzes, measures, and record s)
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financial information about an organization and reports that information to decision
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makers.
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2. Financialaccountinginvolvespreparationofthefourbasicfinancialstatementsa
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ndrelateddisclosures forexternal decision makers. Managerial accounting involv es
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thepreparationofdetailedplans,budgets,forecasts,andperformancereports for
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internal decision makers.
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3. Financial reports are used by both internal and external groups and individuals. The int
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ernal groups are comprised of the various managers of the entity. The external groups
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include the owners, investors, creditors, governmental agencies, other interested part
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ies, and the public at large.
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4. Investorspurchaseallorpart ofabusinessandhopetogainbyreceivingpart ofwhatt he
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companyearnsand/orsellingthecompanyinthefutureat ahigherpricethanthey paid.
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Creditorslendmoneytoacompanyforaspecific lengthoftimeandhopetogain by
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charging interest on the loan.
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5. In a society each organization can be defined as a separate accounting entity. An acco
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unting entity is the organization for which financial data are to be collected. Typical acc
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ounting entities are a business, a church, a governmental unit, a university and other n
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onprofit organizations such as a hospital and a welfare organization. A business typica llyis
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definedandtreatedasaseparate entitybecausethe owners,creditors,investors
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, and other interested parties need to evaluate its performance and its potential separa tely
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from other entities and from its owners.
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, 6. NameofStatement
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(a) IncomeStatement
b (a) StatementofEarnings;Statement of
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Income;Statement ofOperations
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(b) BalanceSheet b (b) Statement of FinancialPosition
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(c) AuditReport
b (c) ReportofIndependentAccountants
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