Burns' Pediatric Primary Care 8th Edition Test Bank | 20
MCQs per Chapter
Pediatric Primary Care Test Bank & NCLEX-HESI
Review | Burns' 8th Edition
Question 1:
A 6-month-old infant comes for a routine well visit. The family
asks whether the visit is mainly to treat illness or to prevent
problems before they occur. Which statement best describes
the focus of pediatric primary care?
A. Primary care focuses exclusively on acute illness treatment.
B. Primary care emphasizes both prevention (anticipatory
guidance and screening) and management of health problems
across development.
C. Primary care is only for children with chronic health
conditions.
D. Primary care is solely community-level public health work
and not office-based clinical care.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pediatric primary care integrates preventive services
(anticipatory guidance, screening, immunizations) with
diagnosis and management of acute and chronic conditions
across the lifespan of the child. Option A is incorrect because
primary care is not limited to acute care. Option C is incorrect
,because primary care serves all children, not only those with
chronic conditions. Option D is incorrect because primary care
includes office-based clinical services as well as community
linkages.
Question 2:
A parent asks why their newborn needs a well-child schedule of
visits when the baby seems healthy. Which concept best
explains the rationale for scheduled visits in pediatric primary
care?
A. Primary prevention — activities that prevent the onset of
disease or injury.
B. Secondary prevention — treatment of established disease.
C. Tertiary prevention — palliative and rehabilitation services
only.
D. Episodic care — visits only when symptoms occur.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Scheduled well-child visits focus on primary
prevention (immunizations, anticipatory guidance, screening) to
prevent disease and promote healthy development. Secondary
prevention (B) involves early detection/treatment after disease
has begun (e.g., screening that leads to early intervention),
which is part of primary care but not the core rationale for
routine well checks. Tertiary prevention (C) focuses on reducing
disability once disease is established. Episodic care (D) is
reactive, whereas well-child visits are proactive.
,Question 3:
Which of the following best exemplifies the “medical home”
concept within pediatric primary care?
A. Specialized surgical clinic that accepts only referred patients.
B. A primary care practice that provides continuous, family-
centered, coordinated care and facilitates community resources
for the child.
C. Walk-in urgent care that offers single-visit treatment and no
follow-up.
D. School nurse office that provides only first aid and referrals.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The patient- and family-centered medical home
provides accessible, continuous, comprehensive, coordinated
care that addresses medical and psychosocial needs and
connects families to community resources. Option A is only
specialty care. Option C lacks continuity and coordination.
Option D provides limited school-based services but not the
comprehensive medical-home functions.
(Cited support re: medical home principles.) AAP
Question 4:
A 3-year-old with developmental delays and multiple specialty
visits is being seen for care coordination. Which statement best
reflects the primary care role for Children and Youth with
Special Health Care Needs (CYSHCN)?
, A. Primary care should only refer to specialists and not be
involved in coordination.
B. Primary care should act as the central coordinator, ensuring
continuity, care planning, and family support.
C. Primary care should discharge CYSHCN to specialty clinics
permanently.
D. Primary care’s role is limited to immunizations and growth
measurements.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Primary care for CYSHCN should provide ongoing,
coordinated care, serve as the central point for communication
among specialists and community services, and support
families. Option A is incorrect because referral alone is
insufficient. Option C is wrong — primary care remains central
even when specialists are involved. Option D understates the
comprehensive role.
(Cited data re: CYSHCN systems and emphasis on coordination.)
Maternal and Child Health Bureau+1
Question 5:
During a well visit, the NP screens for Adverse Childhood
Experiences (ACEs). Which best describes why screening for
ACEs is important in pediatric primary care?
A. ACEs only affect psychosocial development and have no
physical health consequences.
B. ACEs can have lifelong effects on physical, mental, and
MCQs per Chapter
Pediatric Primary Care Test Bank & NCLEX-HESI
Review | Burns' 8th Edition
Question 1:
A 6-month-old infant comes for a routine well visit. The family
asks whether the visit is mainly to treat illness or to prevent
problems before they occur. Which statement best describes
the focus of pediatric primary care?
A. Primary care focuses exclusively on acute illness treatment.
B. Primary care emphasizes both prevention (anticipatory
guidance and screening) and management of health problems
across development.
C. Primary care is only for children with chronic health
conditions.
D. Primary care is solely community-level public health work
and not office-based clinical care.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Pediatric primary care integrates preventive services
(anticipatory guidance, screening, immunizations) with
diagnosis and management of acute and chronic conditions
across the lifespan of the child. Option A is incorrect because
primary care is not limited to acute care. Option C is incorrect
,because primary care serves all children, not only those with
chronic conditions. Option D is incorrect because primary care
includes office-based clinical services as well as community
linkages.
Question 2:
A parent asks why their newborn needs a well-child schedule of
visits when the baby seems healthy. Which concept best
explains the rationale for scheduled visits in pediatric primary
care?
A. Primary prevention — activities that prevent the onset of
disease or injury.
B. Secondary prevention — treatment of established disease.
C. Tertiary prevention — palliative and rehabilitation services
only.
D. Episodic care — visits only when symptoms occur.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Scheduled well-child visits focus on primary
prevention (immunizations, anticipatory guidance, screening) to
prevent disease and promote healthy development. Secondary
prevention (B) involves early detection/treatment after disease
has begun (e.g., screening that leads to early intervention),
which is part of primary care but not the core rationale for
routine well checks. Tertiary prevention (C) focuses on reducing
disability once disease is established. Episodic care (D) is
reactive, whereas well-child visits are proactive.
,Question 3:
Which of the following best exemplifies the “medical home”
concept within pediatric primary care?
A. Specialized surgical clinic that accepts only referred patients.
B. A primary care practice that provides continuous, family-
centered, coordinated care and facilitates community resources
for the child.
C. Walk-in urgent care that offers single-visit treatment and no
follow-up.
D. School nurse office that provides only first aid and referrals.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The patient- and family-centered medical home
provides accessible, continuous, comprehensive, coordinated
care that addresses medical and psychosocial needs and
connects families to community resources. Option A is only
specialty care. Option C lacks continuity and coordination.
Option D provides limited school-based services but not the
comprehensive medical-home functions.
(Cited support re: medical home principles.) AAP
Question 4:
A 3-year-old with developmental delays and multiple specialty
visits is being seen for care coordination. Which statement best
reflects the primary care role for Children and Youth with
Special Health Care Needs (CYSHCN)?
, A. Primary care should only refer to specialists and not be
involved in coordination.
B. Primary care should act as the central coordinator, ensuring
continuity, care planning, and family support.
C. Primary care should discharge CYSHCN to specialty clinics
permanently.
D. Primary care’s role is limited to immunizations and growth
measurements.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Primary care for CYSHCN should provide ongoing,
coordinated care, serve as the central point for communication
among specialists and community services, and support
families. Option A is incorrect because referral alone is
insufficient. Option C is wrong — primary care remains central
even when specialists are involved. Option D understates the
comprehensive role.
(Cited data re: CYSHCN systems and emphasis on coordination.)
Maternal and Child Health Bureau+1
Question 5:
During a well visit, the NP screens for Adverse Childhood
Experiences (ACEs). Which best describes why screening for
ACEs is important in pediatric primary care?
A. ACEs only affect psychosocial development and have no
physical health consequences.
B. ACEs can have lifelong effects on physical, mental, and
