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ASU MIC 205 PENTON EXAM 1 NEWEST ACTUAL
EXAM COMPLETE 200 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
|ALREADY GRADED A+||NEWEST VERSION!!!
What are aquaporins? - ANSWER-Aquaporins are water
channels through which water molecules move through
the plasma membrane during osmosis.
What is facilitated diffusion? - ANSWER-Facilitated
diffusion is a passive transport process that uses specific
transport proteins to help move larger or polar molecules
across the membrane.
How does glucose enter cells? - ANSWER-Glucose enters
cells via specific transporter proteins (GLUT transporters)
because glucose is too large and polar to pass through the
membrane directly.
What is active transport? - ANSWER-A method that
requires energy (usually from ATP) to move molecules
against their concentration gradient, from an area of lower
concentration to an area of higher concentration.
What is the role of the sodium-potassium pump in active
transport? - ANSWER-It actively transports sodium ions
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(Na⁺) out of the cell and potassium ions (K⁺) into the cell
against their concentration gradients, using ATP for
energy.
what are the 2 types of active transport - ANSWER-
endocytosis and exocytosis
Endocytosis and Exocytosis: - ANSWER-In endocytosis,
the cell membrane engulfs material to bring it inside the
cell, while exocytosis involves vesicles fusing with the
membrane to release materials outside the cell.
Endocytosis example - ANSWER-Phagocytosis, where
immune cells like macrophages engulf bacteria or debris
by wrapping the cell membrane around them and forming
a vesicle.
Exocytosis - ANSWER-Neurotransmitters are released
from nerve cells into the synaptic cleft when vesicles
containing these signaling molecules fuse with the plasma
membrane.
why do bacteria have to move molecules across the
membrane - ANSWER-Nutrient uptake, waste removal,
signal reception, Homeostasis, Energy production
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What are the different transport proteins? - ANSWER-
Channel Proteins, Carrier Proteins:, Pump Proteins,
Symporters, Antiporters
How do channel proteins operate? - ANSWER-They form
water-filled pores that allow specific ions or small
molecules to pass through.
What determines whether channel proteins are open or
closed? - ANSWER-They can be open all the time or
gated, it opens or closes when it gets a signal like a
physical pressure or electrical voltage
What is the function of open channel proteins? -
ANSWER-When open, they allow rapid movement of
substances down their concentration gradient through
facilitated diffusion.
How do carrier proteins operate? - ANSWER-Carrier
proteins bind to specific molecules then they change
shape to fit through the channel and gets dropped off
inside
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What happens to carrier proteins after binding a molecule?
- ANSWER-The protein changes shape (conformational
change), allowing the molecule to be released on the other
side of the membrane.
What are the two types of processes involving carrier
proteins? - ANSWER-The process can be passive
(facilitated diffusion) or active (requiring energy).
How do pump proteins operate? - ANSWER-Pump
proteins actively transport ions or molecules against their
concentration gradient.
What provides energy for pump proteins to function? -
ANSWER-Pump proteins use energy from ATP hydrolysis
to transport ions or molecules.
Can you give an example of a pump protein? - ANSWER-
An example is the sodium-potassium pump, which moves
Na⁺ out and K⁺ in.
how do Symporters operate - ANSWER-type of carrier
protein (for example you drive 2 different friends (glucose,
and sodium) to the store. It takes 2 different things at once
to the same place at the cell time (into the cell)
ASU MIC 205 PENTON EXAM 1 NEWEST ACTUAL
EXAM COMPLETE 200 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
|ALREADY GRADED A+||NEWEST VERSION!!!
What are aquaporins? - ANSWER-Aquaporins are water
channels through which water molecules move through
the plasma membrane during osmosis.
What is facilitated diffusion? - ANSWER-Facilitated
diffusion is a passive transport process that uses specific
transport proteins to help move larger or polar molecules
across the membrane.
How does glucose enter cells? - ANSWER-Glucose enters
cells via specific transporter proteins (GLUT transporters)
because glucose is too large and polar to pass through the
membrane directly.
What is active transport? - ANSWER-A method that
requires energy (usually from ATP) to move molecules
against their concentration gradient, from an area of lower
concentration to an area of higher concentration.
What is the role of the sodium-potassium pump in active
transport? - ANSWER-It actively transports sodium ions
,2|Page
(Na⁺) out of the cell and potassium ions (K⁺) into the cell
against their concentration gradients, using ATP for
energy.
what are the 2 types of active transport - ANSWER-
endocytosis and exocytosis
Endocytosis and Exocytosis: - ANSWER-In endocytosis,
the cell membrane engulfs material to bring it inside the
cell, while exocytosis involves vesicles fusing with the
membrane to release materials outside the cell.
Endocytosis example - ANSWER-Phagocytosis, where
immune cells like macrophages engulf bacteria or debris
by wrapping the cell membrane around them and forming
a vesicle.
Exocytosis - ANSWER-Neurotransmitters are released
from nerve cells into the synaptic cleft when vesicles
containing these signaling molecules fuse with the plasma
membrane.
why do bacteria have to move molecules across the
membrane - ANSWER-Nutrient uptake, waste removal,
signal reception, Homeostasis, Energy production
,3|Page
What are the different transport proteins? - ANSWER-
Channel Proteins, Carrier Proteins:, Pump Proteins,
Symporters, Antiporters
How do channel proteins operate? - ANSWER-They form
water-filled pores that allow specific ions or small
molecules to pass through.
What determines whether channel proteins are open or
closed? - ANSWER-They can be open all the time or
gated, it opens or closes when it gets a signal like a
physical pressure or electrical voltage
What is the function of open channel proteins? -
ANSWER-When open, they allow rapid movement of
substances down their concentration gradient through
facilitated diffusion.
How do carrier proteins operate? - ANSWER-Carrier
proteins bind to specific molecules then they change
shape to fit through the channel and gets dropped off
inside
, 4|Page
What happens to carrier proteins after binding a molecule?
- ANSWER-The protein changes shape (conformational
change), allowing the molecule to be released on the other
side of the membrane.
What are the two types of processes involving carrier
proteins? - ANSWER-The process can be passive
(facilitated diffusion) or active (requiring energy).
How do pump proteins operate? - ANSWER-Pump
proteins actively transport ions or molecules against their
concentration gradient.
What provides energy for pump proteins to function? -
ANSWER-Pump proteins use energy from ATP hydrolysis
to transport ions or molecules.
Can you give an example of a pump protein? - ANSWER-
An example is the sodium-potassium pump, which moves
Na⁺ out and K⁺ in.
how do Symporters operate - ANSWER-type of carrier
protein (for example you drive 2 different friends (glucose,
and sodium) to the store. It takes 2 different things at once
to the same place at the cell time (into the cell)
