Foundations For Population Health In Community/PublicHealthNursing6th
b b b b b b b b
bEdition By Marcia Stanhope
b b b
,CH:01:Community-andPrevention-OrientedPracticetoImprovePopulationHealth
b b b b b b b b b
Stanhope: Foundations for Population Health in Community/Public Health Nursing, 6TH
b b b b b b b b b b
Edition
b
MULTIPLECHOICE b
1. Whichofthe following best describescommunity-basednursing?
b b b b b b b
a. Apractice inwhichcare isprovided forindividuals and families
b b b b b b b b b b
b. Providingcarewith afocusonthegroup’sneeds b b b b b b b b
c. Givingcarewith afocus ontheaggregate’s needs b b b b b b b b
d. Avaluesystem inwhichall hospital clients receiveoptimalcare
b b b b b b b b b b
PRECISE CHOICE:-A
b
Reasoning:->>>By definition, community-based nursing is a setting-specific practice in which b b b b b b b b b
care is provided for “sick” individuals and families where they live, work, and attend school. The
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
emphasis is on acute and chronic care and the provision of comprehensive, coordinated, and
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
continuouscare.Thesenursing attendants maybegeneralistsorspecialists in maternal–infant,
b b b b b b b b b b b b
pediatric, adult, or psychiatric mental health nursing. Community-based nursing emphasizes
b b b b b b b b b b
acute and chronic care to individuals and families, rather than focusing on groups, aggregates, or
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
systems.
b
2. Whichofthefollowing best describescommunity-orientednursing?
b b b b b b b
a. Focusing ontheprovision ofcare to individuals and families b b b b b b b b b
b. Providingcareto manageacuteorchronic conditions b b b b b b b
c. GivingdirectcaretoilinNdivRiduaIlswGithBin.thCeirMfamilyseting
U SN
d. Havingthe goalofhealthpromotion and diseaseprevention
b
b b
b
b
b
b
b b
b
b b
b
b
b b
b
PRECISE CHOICE:-D b
Reasoning:->>>By definition, community-oriented nursing has the goal of preserving, b b b b b b b b
protecting, or maintaining health and preventing disease to promotethe qualityof life. All nursing
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
attendants may focus on individuals and families, give direct care to sick persons withintheir
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
familysetting, andhelp manageacuteorchronicconditions. Thesedefinitions are not specific to
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
community-oriented nursing.
b b
3. Whichofthe following is theprimaryfocus ofpublic healthnursing?
b b b b b b b b b b b
a. Familiesand groups b b
b. Sickness-oriented care b
c. Individualswithinthe familyunit b b b b
d. Healthcare ofcommunities andpopulations b b b b b
PRECISE CHOICE:-D b
Reasoning:->>>In public health nursing the primary focus is on the health care of communities and b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
populations rather than on individuals, groups, and families. The goal is to prevent disease and
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
preserve, promote, restore, and protect health for the communityand the population within it.
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
Community-based nursing attendants deal primarily with sickness- orientedcareofindividualsand
b b b b b b b b b b b b
families acorssthelifespan.The aim is to amanageacuteand chronic health conditions in the
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
community, and the focus of practice is on individual or family-centered sickness care.
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
,4. Whichofthe following isresponsibleforthedramatic increaseinlifeexpectancyduring the
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
20th century?
b b
a. Technologyincreases inthefieldofmedicallaboratoryresearch b b b b b b b b
b. Advances insurgicaltechniquesandprocedures b b b b b
c. Sanitationandotherpopulation-basedpreventionprograms b b b b b
d. Useofantibioticsto fight infections b b b b b
PRECISE CHOICE:-C b
Reasoning:->>>Improvements in control of infectious diseases through immunizations, b b b b b b b
sanitation, and other population-based prevention programs led to the increase in life expectancy
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
from less than 50 years in 1900 to more than 78 years in 2013. Although people are excited when a
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
new drug is discovered that cures a disease or when a new wayto transplant organsisperfected, it is
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
importanttoknow aboutthesignificant gains inthehealth of populations that have come largely
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
from public health accomplishments.
b b b b
5. Anursing attendant isdevelopingaplanto reducethenumberofprematuredeaths inthe
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
community. Which of the following interventions would most likely be implemented by the
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
nursing attendant?
b b
a. Increasethecommunity’sknowledgeaboutcliniccare. b b b b b b
b. Promotehealthylifestyle behavior choices amongthecommunitymembers. b b b b b b b b
c. Encourageemployers tohavewellnesscentersat eachindustrialsite. b b b b b b b b b
d. Ensuretimelyandeffectivemedicalinterventionandtreatment forcommunity b b b b b b b b b
members. b
PRECISE CHOICE:-B b
Reasoning:->>>Publichealthapproachescouldhelpprevent prematuredeathsbyinfluencing the b b b b b b b b b b
waypeople eat, drink, drive, engage in exercise, and treat the environment. Increasing knowledge
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
of clinic care, encouraging on-site wellness centers, and ensuring timely treatment of medical
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
conditionsdonotaddresstheNfUocRusSoIfNimGpTroBv.inCgOovMerall healththrough health b b b b b b b b b b b b
promotion
b
strategies. Thisisthemajor methodthatissuggestedtoreducetheincidenceofpremature death. b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
6. Whichofthe following is abasic assumptionofpublic health efforts?
b b b b b b b b b b b
a. Healthdisparities among anygroupsare morallyand legallywrong. b b b b b b b b b
b. Healthcare isthemost important priorityingovernment planning and funding. b b b b b b b b b b b
c. Thehealthofindividuals cannot be separated fromthe healthofthecommunity.
b b b b b b b b b b b b
d. Thegovernment isresponsible forlengtheningthelife spanofAmericans.
b b b b b b b b b b
PRECISE CHOICE:-C b
Reasoning:->>>Public healthpractice focuses onthe communityasa whole, and the effect of the b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
bcommunity’s health status (resources) on the health of individuals, families, and groups. The goal is b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
to prevent disease and disability and promote and protect the health of the community as a whole.
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
Public health can be described as what society collectively does to ensure that conditions exist in
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
which people can be healthy. The basic assumptions ofpublic healthdo not judge the moralityof
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
healthdisparities. The focus is onpreventionof sickness not on spending more on sickness care.
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
Additionally, individual responsibility for making healthy choices is the directive for lengthening
b b b b b b b b b b b b
life span not the role of the government.
b b b b b b b b
7. Whichofthe following actionswould most likelybeperformed byapublichealthnursing attendant?
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
, a. Askingcommunityleaderswhat interventionsshould bechosen b b b b b b b
b. Assessingthecommunityanddeciding onappropriate interventions b b b b b b b
c. Usingdatafromthe main healthcare institutions inthe communitytodetermine
b b b b b b b b b b b b
neededhealthservices b b
d. Workingwithcommunitygroupsto createpoliciesto improvetheenvironment b b b b b b b b b b
PRECISE CHOICE:-D b
Reasoning:->>>Although the public health nursing attendant might engage in any of the tasks b b b b b b b b b b b b
listed, he or she works primarily with members ofthe community to carry out core public health
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
functions, including assessment of the population as a whole and engaging in promoting health and
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
improving the environment. The interventions of asking community leaders which interventions
b b b b b b b b b b b
should be chosen, asessing the community and deciding on appropriate interventions, and using
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
datafromhealthcareinstitutionsdo not demonstratethe engagement of the community when
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
making decisions about what the community actually wants and needs.
b b b b b b b b b b
8. Whichofthefollowing public healthnursing attendantsmost clearlyfulfillsthe
b b b b b b b b b b b
responsibilities of this role?
b b b b
a. Thenursing attendant who met withseveralgroupsto discusscommunityrecreation issues
b b b b b b b b b b b b
b. Thenursing attendantwho spent the dayattending meetingsofvarious health agencies
b b b b b b b b b b b b
c. Thenursing attendantwho talked to severalpeople abouttheirparticular healthconcerns
b b b b b b b b b b b b
d. Thenursing attendant who watched thecitycouncilmeeting onlocalcable television
b b b b b b b b b b b b
PRECISE CHOICE:-B b
Reasoning:->>>Any of these descriptions might represent a nursing attendant communicating, b b b b b b b b b
cooperating, or collaborating with community residents or groups about healthconcerns.
b b b b b b b b b b b
However,thenursing attendant who spent thedayattending meetingsof various health agencies is
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
the most representative, because in public health, concerns are addressed from a broader
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
perspective. In public health, broad concerns of the community should be addressed. Concerns are
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
broader than recreation, individualconcerns are not as important as aggregate priorities, and
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
watching television (a one-way form of communication) is less effective than interacting with
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
others.
b
9. Whichofthe following best defines aggregate?
b b b b b b
a. A large groupofpersons
b b b b
b. Acollectionofindividuals and families
b b b b b
c. Acollection ofpeople who share oneormore characteristics
b b b b b b b b b
d. Anothername fordemographic group b b b b
PRECISE CHOICE:-C b
Reasoning:->>>An aggregate is defined a collection of people who share one or more personal or b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
environmental characteristics. Members of a community can be defined in terms of either
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
geography (e.g., a county, a group of counties, or a state) or a special interest (e.g., children attending
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
a particular school). These members make up a population. The term population maybeused
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
interchangeablywiththetermaggregate. Alargegroupofpersons, a collection of individuals and
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
families, and another name for demograhpic group are not accurate definitions of the term
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
aggregate.
b
10. Aregisterednursing attendantwasjust employed asapublichealthnursing attendant. Which
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
question would be the most relevant for the nursing attendant to ask?
b b b b b b b b b b b b
a. “Whichgroupsare atthe greatest risk forproblems?” b b b b b b b b
b. “Whichvictims should I seefirst asI beginmyday?” b b b b b b b b b b
c. “WithwhichphysicianswillI be most closelycollaborating?” b b b b b b b b
d. “Withwhich nursing assistantswillIpartner themost?” b b b b b b b b
PRECISE CHOICE:-A b
b b b b b b b b
bEdition By Marcia Stanhope
b b b
,CH:01:Community-andPrevention-OrientedPracticetoImprovePopulationHealth
b b b b b b b b b
Stanhope: Foundations for Population Health in Community/Public Health Nursing, 6TH
b b b b b b b b b b
Edition
b
MULTIPLECHOICE b
1. Whichofthe following best describescommunity-basednursing?
b b b b b b b
a. Apractice inwhichcare isprovided forindividuals and families
b b b b b b b b b b
b. Providingcarewith afocusonthegroup’sneeds b b b b b b b b
c. Givingcarewith afocus ontheaggregate’s needs b b b b b b b b
d. Avaluesystem inwhichall hospital clients receiveoptimalcare
b b b b b b b b b b
PRECISE CHOICE:-A
b
Reasoning:->>>By definition, community-based nursing is a setting-specific practice in which b b b b b b b b b
care is provided for “sick” individuals and families where they live, work, and attend school. The
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
emphasis is on acute and chronic care and the provision of comprehensive, coordinated, and
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
continuouscare.Thesenursing attendants maybegeneralistsorspecialists in maternal–infant,
b b b b b b b b b b b b
pediatric, adult, or psychiatric mental health nursing. Community-based nursing emphasizes
b b b b b b b b b b
acute and chronic care to individuals and families, rather than focusing on groups, aggregates, or
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
systems.
b
2. Whichofthefollowing best describescommunity-orientednursing?
b b b b b b b
a. Focusing ontheprovision ofcare to individuals and families b b b b b b b b b
b. Providingcareto manageacuteorchronic conditions b b b b b b b
c. GivingdirectcaretoilinNdivRiduaIlswGithBin.thCeirMfamilyseting
U SN
d. Havingthe goalofhealthpromotion and diseaseprevention
b
b b
b
b
b
b
b b
b
b b
b
b
b b
b
PRECISE CHOICE:-D b
Reasoning:->>>By definition, community-oriented nursing has the goal of preserving, b b b b b b b b
protecting, or maintaining health and preventing disease to promotethe qualityof life. All nursing
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
attendants may focus on individuals and families, give direct care to sick persons withintheir
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
familysetting, andhelp manageacuteorchronicconditions. Thesedefinitions are not specific to
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
community-oriented nursing.
b b
3. Whichofthe following is theprimaryfocus ofpublic healthnursing?
b b b b b b b b b b b
a. Familiesand groups b b
b. Sickness-oriented care b
c. Individualswithinthe familyunit b b b b
d. Healthcare ofcommunities andpopulations b b b b b
PRECISE CHOICE:-D b
Reasoning:->>>In public health nursing the primary focus is on the health care of communities and b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
populations rather than on individuals, groups, and families. The goal is to prevent disease and
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
preserve, promote, restore, and protect health for the communityand the population within it.
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
Community-based nursing attendants deal primarily with sickness- orientedcareofindividualsand
b b b b b b b b b b b b
families acorssthelifespan.The aim is to amanageacuteand chronic health conditions in the
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
community, and the focus of practice is on individual or family-centered sickness care.
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
,4. Whichofthe following isresponsibleforthedramatic increaseinlifeexpectancyduring the
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
20th century?
b b
a. Technologyincreases inthefieldofmedicallaboratoryresearch b b b b b b b b
b. Advances insurgicaltechniquesandprocedures b b b b b
c. Sanitationandotherpopulation-basedpreventionprograms b b b b b
d. Useofantibioticsto fight infections b b b b b
PRECISE CHOICE:-C b
Reasoning:->>>Improvements in control of infectious diseases through immunizations, b b b b b b b
sanitation, and other population-based prevention programs led to the increase in life expectancy
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
from less than 50 years in 1900 to more than 78 years in 2013. Although people are excited when a
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
new drug is discovered that cures a disease or when a new wayto transplant organsisperfected, it is
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
importanttoknow aboutthesignificant gains inthehealth of populations that have come largely
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
from public health accomplishments.
b b b b
5. Anursing attendant isdevelopingaplanto reducethenumberofprematuredeaths inthe
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
community. Which of the following interventions would most likely be implemented by the
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
nursing attendant?
b b
a. Increasethecommunity’sknowledgeaboutcliniccare. b b b b b b
b. Promotehealthylifestyle behavior choices amongthecommunitymembers. b b b b b b b b
c. Encourageemployers tohavewellnesscentersat eachindustrialsite. b b b b b b b b b
d. Ensuretimelyandeffectivemedicalinterventionandtreatment forcommunity b b b b b b b b b
members. b
PRECISE CHOICE:-B b
Reasoning:->>>Publichealthapproachescouldhelpprevent prematuredeathsbyinfluencing the b b b b b b b b b b
waypeople eat, drink, drive, engage in exercise, and treat the environment. Increasing knowledge
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
of clinic care, encouraging on-site wellness centers, and ensuring timely treatment of medical
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
conditionsdonotaddresstheNfUocRusSoIfNimGpTroBv.inCgOovMerall healththrough health b b b b b b b b b b b b
promotion
b
strategies. Thisisthemajor methodthatissuggestedtoreducetheincidenceofpremature death. b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
6. Whichofthe following is abasic assumptionofpublic health efforts?
b b b b b b b b b b b
a. Healthdisparities among anygroupsare morallyand legallywrong. b b b b b b b b b
b. Healthcare isthemost important priorityingovernment planning and funding. b b b b b b b b b b b
c. Thehealthofindividuals cannot be separated fromthe healthofthecommunity.
b b b b b b b b b b b b
d. Thegovernment isresponsible forlengtheningthelife spanofAmericans.
b b b b b b b b b b
PRECISE CHOICE:-C b
Reasoning:->>>Public healthpractice focuses onthe communityasa whole, and the effect of the b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
bcommunity’s health status (resources) on the health of individuals, families, and groups. The goal is b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
to prevent disease and disability and promote and protect the health of the community as a whole.
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
Public health can be described as what society collectively does to ensure that conditions exist in
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
which people can be healthy. The basic assumptions ofpublic healthdo not judge the moralityof
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
healthdisparities. The focus is onpreventionof sickness not on spending more on sickness care.
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
Additionally, individual responsibility for making healthy choices is the directive for lengthening
b b b b b b b b b b b b
life span not the role of the government.
b b b b b b b b
7. Whichofthe following actionswould most likelybeperformed byapublichealthnursing attendant?
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
, a. Askingcommunityleaderswhat interventionsshould bechosen b b b b b b b
b. Assessingthecommunityanddeciding onappropriate interventions b b b b b b b
c. Usingdatafromthe main healthcare institutions inthe communitytodetermine
b b b b b b b b b b b b
neededhealthservices b b
d. Workingwithcommunitygroupsto createpoliciesto improvetheenvironment b b b b b b b b b b
PRECISE CHOICE:-D b
Reasoning:->>>Although the public health nursing attendant might engage in any of the tasks b b b b b b b b b b b b
listed, he or she works primarily with members ofthe community to carry out core public health
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
functions, including assessment of the population as a whole and engaging in promoting health and
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
improving the environment. The interventions of asking community leaders which interventions
b b b b b b b b b b b
should be chosen, asessing the community and deciding on appropriate interventions, and using
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
datafromhealthcareinstitutionsdo not demonstratethe engagement of the community when
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
making decisions about what the community actually wants and needs.
b b b b b b b b b b
8. Whichofthefollowing public healthnursing attendantsmost clearlyfulfillsthe
b b b b b b b b b b b
responsibilities of this role?
b b b b
a. Thenursing attendant who met withseveralgroupsto discusscommunityrecreation issues
b b b b b b b b b b b b
b. Thenursing attendantwho spent the dayattending meetingsofvarious health agencies
b b b b b b b b b b b b
c. Thenursing attendantwho talked to severalpeople abouttheirparticular healthconcerns
b b b b b b b b b b b b
d. Thenursing attendant who watched thecitycouncilmeeting onlocalcable television
b b b b b b b b b b b b
PRECISE CHOICE:-B b
Reasoning:->>>Any of these descriptions might represent a nursing attendant communicating, b b b b b b b b b
cooperating, or collaborating with community residents or groups about healthconcerns.
b b b b b b b b b b b
However,thenursing attendant who spent thedayattending meetingsof various health agencies is
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
the most representative, because in public health, concerns are addressed from a broader
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
perspective. In public health, broad concerns of the community should be addressed. Concerns are
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
broader than recreation, individualconcerns are not as important as aggregate priorities, and
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
watching television (a one-way form of communication) is less effective than interacting with
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
others.
b
9. Whichofthe following best defines aggregate?
b b b b b b
a. A large groupofpersons
b b b b
b. Acollectionofindividuals and families
b b b b b
c. Acollection ofpeople who share oneormore characteristics
b b b b b b b b b
d. Anothername fordemographic group b b b b
PRECISE CHOICE:-C b
Reasoning:->>>An aggregate is defined a collection of people who share one or more personal or b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
environmental characteristics. Members of a community can be defined in terms of either
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
geography (e.g., a county, a group of counties, or a state) or a special interest (e.g., children attending
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
a particular school). These members make up a population. The term population maybeused
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
interchangeablywiththetermaggregate. Alargegroupofpersons, a collection of individuals and
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
families, and another name for demograhpic group are not accurate definitions of the term
b b b b b b b b b b b b b b
aggregate.
b
10. Aregisterednursing attendantwasjust employed asapublichealthnursing attendant. Which
b b b b b b b b b b b b b
question would be the most relevant for the nursing attendant to ask?
b b b b b b b b b b b b
a. “Whichgroupsare atthe greatest risk forproblems?” b b b b b b b b
b. “Whichvictims should I seefirst asI beginmyday?” b b b b b b b b b b
c. “WithwhichphysicianswillI be most closelycollaborating?” b b b b b b b b
d. “Withwhich nursing assistantswillIpartner themost?” b b b b b b b b
PRECISE CHOICE:-A b
