REVIEW FOR EMERGENCY MEDICINE & CRITICAL CARE
FINAL EXAM WITH ALL CORRECT & 100% VERIFIED
ANSWERS|ALREADY GRADED A+
When answering a call from a client that has an emergency case, What are some important
questions you should ask? ✔Correct Answer-What happened, and how long ago did it happen?
Has any treatment been provided yet?
Does the pet have any ongoing health problems?
Is your pet on any medications?
When assessing/triaging organ systems during which body systems are the most important, what is
the least? ✔Correct Answer-Most important to least-Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nervous,
Gastrointestinal
How should you handle an animal during an emergency? ✔Correct Answer-Keep in mind the
patient may be painful, restraint as gently as possible
If an animal goes into respiratory arrest while under anesthesia what are a few things that you
should do? What should you not do? ✔Correct Answer-Tell the vet, Reverse any injectable
medication, turn off the vaporizer, Deliver 100% oxygen
Your patient was too deep under anesthesia, so you turned down the vaporizer and are monitoring
carefully. What should you see happen to you patient? ✔Correct Answer-Reflexes begin to become
present, eyes rotate ventral medial, Heart & RR increases, MM color improves and CRT increases,
Temp increases, pulse become stronger
What is the reason for most anesthetic complications? ✔Correct Answer-Equipment failures
When is bradycardia considered in a dog? ✔Correct Answer-HR <60-70 bpm
What groups of drugs may cause a patient to become bradycardic during anesthesia? ✔Correct
Answer-Opioids & Tranquilizers like Dexmedetomidone
What medication decreases the HR up to 50%, causes peripheral vasoconstriction, turns MM blue?
✔Correct Answer-Alpha 2 agonist
What does an ECG monitor? ✔Correct Answer-Electrical activity of the heart
Where can the probe for a pulse oximeter be placed? ✔Correct Answer-Tongue, pinna of the ear,
gum, webbing between the toes, prepuce and vulva
What does the Capnograph measure? ✔Correct Answer-End tidal CO2, How much co2 is being
exhaled in each breath
What does nosocomial mean? ✔Correct Answer-Something contracted while in the clinic
What are crystalloids used for? ✔Correct Answer-correct hydration deficits and maintain hydration
correct hypovolemia
, replace electrolytes & nutrients
deliver certain IV medications
What is an example of a Colloid? ✔Correct Answer-Dextran, Hetastarch, Pentastarch
What does Pale mm mean? Red? Blue? Petechiae, pink? ✔Correct Answer-Pale Mm-Anemia, poor
perfusion, vasoconstriction, Blood loss, shock, decreased peripheral vascular blood flow
Red MM-Increased perfusion Vasodilation, Early shock, sepsis, fever, systemic inflammatory response
syndrome
Blue mm-Inadequate oxygenation, Hypoxemia
Petechiae mm-Coagulation disorder, Platelet disorder, DIC, coagulation factor deficiencies
Pink Mm-Normal, Adequate blood perfusion/oxygenation of peripheral tissues
What are some advantage of using a Colloid? ✔Correct Answer-Longer effect on oncotic pressure
Used as resuscitative & replacement fluids
Safe to give in bolus to patient with poor perfusion to correct hypovolemia
Safe to increase intravascular volume in animals with congestive heart failure
Fewer cases of peripheral edema compared to crystalloids
Less need for medications such as ( positive inotropes or vasopressors) for BP support
What medication causes vasodilation, hypotension, lowers the seizure threshold? ✔Correct
Answer-Phenothiazines
What part of whole blood breaks down most quickly? ✔Correct Answer-Platelets
What is the reason of using fresh frozen plasma? ✔Correct Answer-Used to treat conditions
coagulation deficiencies, anticoagulant rodenticide toxicity, liver
disease, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and acute hypoproteinemia
What are the criteria for choosing a cat to become a blood donor? ✔Correct Answer-Most need to
be sedated for collection
Cats carry more infectious agents than dogs
Only 100% indoor cats should be used - all cats in house!
Negative for FeLV and FIV, Toxoplasmosis, Babesiosis, Hemobartonella, FIP (hard to test)
Young, good natured adults
1-8yrs old
Large and lean, at least 5kg to collect 40-60 ml unit of blood
Current vaccinations FVRcp/R
Well balanced diet, healthy
What are some side effects to Opioids? ✔Correct Answer-Vomiting, constipation, excitement,
bradycardia, panting, respiratory depression
FINAL EXAM WITH ALL CORRECT & 100% VERIFIED
ANSWERS|ALREADY GRADED A+
When answering a call from a client that has an emergency case, What are some important
questions you should ask? ✔Correct Answer-What happened, and how long ago did it happen?
Has any treatment been provided yet?
Does the pet have any ongoing health problems?
Is your pet on any medications?
When assessing/triaging organ systems during which body systems are the most important, what is
the least? ✔Correct Answer-Most important to least-Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nervous,
Gastrointestinal
How should you handle an animal during an emergency? ✔Correct Answer-Keep in mind the
patient may be painful, restraint as gently as possible
If an animal goes into respiratory arrest while under anesthesia what are a few things that you
should do? What should you not do? ✔Correct Answer-Tell the vet, Reverse any injectable
medication, turn off the vaporizer, Deliver 100% oxygen
Your patient was too deep under anesthesia, so you turned down the vaporizer and are monitoring
carefully. What should you see happen to you patient? ✔Correct Answer-Reflexes begin to become
present, eyes rotate ventral medial, Heart & RR increases, MM color improves and CRT increases,
Temp increases, pulse become stronger
What is the reason for most anesthetic complications? ✔Correct Answer-Equipment failures
When is bradycardia considered in a dog? ✔Correct Answer-HR <60-70 bpm
What groups of drugs may cause a patient to become bradycardic during anesthesia? ✔Correct
Answer-Opioids & Tranquilizers like Dexmedetomidone
What medication decreases the HR up to 50%, causes peripheral vasoconstriction, turns MM blue?
✔Correct Answer-Alpha 2 agonist
What does an ECG monitor? ✔Correct Answer-Electrical activity of the heart
Where can the probe for a pulse oximeter be placed? ✔Correct Answer-Tongue, pinna of the ear,
gum, webbing between the toes, prepuce and vulva
What does the Capnograph measure? ✔Correct Answer-End tidal CO2, How much co2 is being
exhaled in each breath
What does nosocomial mean? ✔Correct Answer-Something contracted while in the clinic
What are crystalloids used for? ✔Correct Answer-correct hydration deficits and maintain hydration
correct hypovolemia
, replace electrolytes & nutrients
deliver certain IV medications
What is an example of a Colloid? ✔Correct Answer-Dextran, Hetastarch, Pentastarch
What does Pale mm mean? Red? Blue? Petechiae, pink? ✔Correct Answer-Pale Mm-Anemia, poor
perfusion, vasoconstriction, Blood loss, shock, decreased peripheral vascular blood flow
Red MM-Increased perfusion Vasodilation, Early shock, sepsis, fever, systemic inflammatory response
syndrome
Blue mm-Inadequate oxygenation, Hypoxemia
Petechiae mm-Coagulation disorder, Platelet disorder, DIC, coagulation factor deficiencies
Pink Mm-Normal, Adequate blood perfusion/oxygenation of peripheral tissues
What are some advantage of using a Colloid? ✔Correct Answer-Longer effect on oncotic pressure
Used as resuscitative & replacement fluids
Safe to give in bolus to patient with poor perfusion to correct hypovolemia
Safe to increase intravascular volume in animals with congestive heart failure
Fewer cases of peripheral edema compared to crystalloids
Less need for medications such as ( positive inotropes or vasopressors) for BP support
What medication causes vasodilation, hypotension, lowers the seizure threshold? ✔Correct
Answer-Phenothiazines
What part of whole blood breaks down most quickly? ✔Correct Answer-Platelets
What is the reason of using fresh frozen plasma? ✔Correct Answer-Used to treat conditions
coagulation deficiencies, anticoagulant rodenticide toxicity, liver
disease, disseminated intravascular coagulation, and acute hypoproteinemia
What are the criteria for choosing a cat to become a blood donor? ✔Correct Answer-Most need to
be sedated for collection
Cats carry more infectious agents than dogs
Only 100% indoor cats should be used - all cats in house!
Negative for FeLV and FIV, Toxoplasmosis, Babesiosis, Hemobartonella, FIP (hard to test)
Young, good natured adults
1-8yrs old
Large and lean, at least 5kg to collect 40-60 ml unit of blood
Current vaccinations FVRcp/R
Well balanced diet, healthy
What are some side effects to Opioids? ✔Correct Answer-Vomiting, constipation, excitement,
bradycardia, panting, respiratory depression
