Fundamentals Exam 2 Questions With Complete Solutions
A pregnant client tested positive for group B streptococcus during her 36-week
checkup. For which intervention should the nurse prepare the client in order to
prevent transmission of infection to the neonate?
A. Administration of antibiotics to the client during labor
B. Administration of antibiotics to the neonate after birth
C. Not breastfeeding the neonate during the first week after birth
D. Delivery by cesarean section
- ans -A
Group B streptococcus (GBS) can be transmitted to the newborn during delivery.
Administration of antibiotics during labor and delivery can prevent this
transmission, so the nurse should prepare the mother for this intervention. GBS is
not transmitted to the neonate through breastfeeding, antibiotics are not given to
the neonate after birth, and a positive GBS test does not require cesarean
delivery.
A type of infection that is associated with the delivery of healthcare services in a
facility such as a hospital or nursing home is called a(n)
A. etiologic infection.
B. latent infection.
C. healthcare-associated infection.
D. hospital-associated infection.
- ans -C
A healthcare-associated infection, not a hospital-associated infection, is an
infection that is associated with the delivery of healthcare services in a facility
such as a hospital or nursing home. Nurses must be diligent about hand hygiene
and other safety practices to prevent healthcare-associated infections. A latent
infection is an infection that is present but not active. All infections are etiologic;
they are produced by a specific organism.
Which agent can be used to destroy pathogens other than spores?
,A. Sterilizing agent
B. Disinfectant
C. Antiseptic
D. Isolating agent
- ans -B
Disinfectants destroy pathogens other than spores. Antiseptics only inhibit the
growth of some organisms. A sterilizing agent destroys all pathogens, including
spores. Isolation is used to prevent the spread of infection but does not destroy
any pathogens.
Which client should the nurse anticipate will have the greatest psychosocial
needs?
A. A client in isolation
B. A client taking antibiotics
C. A client under droplet precautions
D. A client under standard precautions
- ans -A
Clients requiring isolation precautions can develop psychosocial problems related
to their separation from other people, including sensory deprivation and
decreased self-esteem. The nurse will need to provide additional care for these
clients to promote their psychosocial health. Clients taking antibiotics or under
standard or droplet precautions may have psychosocial needs as well, but they
will not be as severe as those of the client in isolation.
The nurse is caring for a client with gangrene of the toe. Which collaborative
intervention should the nurse anticipate preparing the client for?
A. Wound irrigation
B. Surgery
C. Myringotomy
D. Debridement - ans -B
,Surgical intervention is the primary collaborative treatment for gangrene. Wound
irrigation and debridement are used to remove dead tissue and debris from a
wound. They are not used for gangrenous infections. Myringotomy is used to
remove infected inner ear drainage, not for infected toes.
What are the two components of the sensory process?
A. Visual and auditory
B. Kinesthesia and stereognosis
C. Reception and perception
D. Stimulus and receptor
- ans -C
The sensory process involves two components: reception and perception. Sensory
reception is the process of receiving stimuli or data. Sensory perception involves
the conscious organization and translation of the data or stimuli into meaningful
information. Stimuli and receptors are aspects of how sensory information is
received and perceived. Kinesthesia is awareness of the position and movement
of body parts, and stereognosis is the ability to perceive and understand an object
through touch. Visual and auditory stimuli are parts of how the body senses the
external world.
The nurse is selecting sensory aids for a client with deficits in hearing and sight.
Which aid would address both sensory deficits?
A. Adequate room lighting with night lights
B. Large-print reading material
C. Flashing alarm clock with large numbers
D. Amplified telephone
- ans -C
A flashing alarm clock would be helpful for a client with a hearing deficit, and a
clock with large numbers would be helpful for a client with a sight deficit.
Adequate room lighting with night lights and large-print reading material help
with a sight deficit but not a hearing deficit, and an amplified telephone helps
with a hearing deficit but not a sight deficit.
, The nurse is planning care for an older adult client diagnosed with age-related
macular degeneration (AMD) that is nonexudative. Which therapies should the
nurse anticipate for this client?
Select all that apply.
A. Eyedrops
B. Laser surgery
C. Zinc
D. Eye patches
E. Antioxidants
- ans -C
E
High-dose antioxidants and zinc are the treatments of choice for early-to-
intermediate dry AMD. Laser surgery is used to treat wet macular degeneration.
Eyedrops and eye patches may be used after laser surgery but are not part of the
initial treatment for the disorder.
A client tells the nurse about having increasing difficulty seeing the print while
reading a newspaper. Which tool should the nurse select to assess this client?
A. Penlight
B. Rosenbaum eye chart
C. Snellen eye chart
D. Cover-uncover test
- ans -B
The Rosenbaum eye chart is used to test for near or reading vision. The Snellen
chart is used to test far or distant vision. A penlight is used to test extraocular
movements and pupillary response. The cover-uncover test is used to assess for
eye muscle strength.
Which diagnostic test should the nurse use to assess hearing in an infant?
A. Weber test
B. Otoacoustic emissions test
C. Whisper test
A pregnant client tested positive for group B streptococcus during her 36-week
checkup. For which intervention should the nurse prepare the client in order to
prevent transmission of infection to the neonate?
A. Administration of antibiotics to the client during labor
B. Administration of antibiotics to the neonate after birth
C. Not breastfeeding the neonate during the first week after birth
D. Delivery by cesarean section
- ans -A
Group B streptococcus (GBS) can be transmitted to the newborn during delivery.
Administration of antibiotics during labor and delivery can prevent this
transmission, so the nurse should prepare the mother for this intervention. GBS is
not transmitted to the neonate through breastfeeding, antibiotics are not given to
the neonate after birth, and a positive GBS test does not require cesarean
delivery.
A type of infection that is associated with the delivery of healthcare services in a
facility such as a hospital or nursing home is called a(n)
A. etiologic infection.
B. latent infection.
C. healthcare-associated infection.
D. hospital-associated infection.
- ans -C
A healthcare-associated infection, not a hospital-associated infection, is an
infection that is associated with the delivery of healthcare services in a facility
such as a hospital or nursing home. Nurses must be diligent about hand hygiene
and other safety practices to prevent healthcare-associated infections. A latent
infection is an infection that is present but not active. All infections are etiologic;
they are produced by a specific organism.
Which agent can be used to destroy pathogens other than spores?
,A. Sterilizing agent
B. Disinfectant
C. Antiseptic
D. Isolating agent
- ans -B
Disinfectants destroy pathogens other than spores. Antiseptics only inhibit the
growth of some organisms. A sterilizing agent destroys all pathogens, including
spores. Isolation is used to prevent the spread of infection but does not destroy
any pathogens.
Which client should the nurse anticipate will have the greatest psychosocial
needs?
A. A client in isolation
B. A client taking antibiotics
C. A client under droplet precautions
D. A client under standard precautions
- ans -A
Clients requiring isolation precautions can develop psychosocial problems related
to their separation from other people, including sensory deprivation and
decreased self-esteem. The nurse will need to provide additional care for these
clients to promote their psychosocial health. Clients taking antibiotics or under
standard or droplet precautions may have psychosocial needs as well, but they
will not be as severe as those of the client in isolation.
The nurse is caring for a client with gangrene of the toe. Which collaborative
intervention should the nurse anticipate preparing the client for?
A. Wound irrigation
B. Surgery
C. Myringotomy
D. Debridement - ans -B
,Surgical intervention is the primary collaborative treatment for gangrene. Wound
irrigation and debridement are used to remove dead tissue and debris from a
wound. They are not used for gangrenous infections. Myringotomy is used to
remove infected inner ear drainage, not for infected toes.
What are the two components of the sensory process?
A. Visual and auditory
B. Kinesthesia and stereognosis
C. Reception and perception
D. Stimulus and receptor
- ans -C
The sensory process involves two components: reception and perception. Sensory
reception is the process of receiving stimuli or data. Sensory perception involves
the conscious organization and translation of the data or stimuli into meaningful
information. Stimuli and receptors are aspects of how sensory information is
received and perceived. Kinesthesia is awareness of the position and movement
of body parts, and stereognosis is the ability to perceive and understand an object
through touch. Visual and auditory stimuli are parts of how the body senses the
external world.
The nurse is selecting sensory aids for a client with deficits in hearing and sight.
Which aid would address both sensory deficits?
A. Adequate room lighting with night lights
B. Large-print reading material
C. Flashing alarm clock with large numbers
D. Amplified telephone
- ans -C
A flashing alarm clock would be helpful for a client with a hearing deficit, and a
clock with large numbers would be helpful for a client with a sight deficit.
Adequate room lighting with night lights and large-print reading material help
with a sight deficit but not a hearing deficit, and an amplified telephone helps
with a hearing deficit but not a sight deficit.
, The nurse is planning care for an older adult client diagnosed with age-related
macular degeneration (AMD) that is nonexudative. Which therapies should the
nurse anticipate for this client?
Select all that apply.
A. Eyedrops
B. Laser surgery
C. Zinc
D. Eye patches
E. Antioxidants
- ans -C
E
High-dose antioxidants and zinc are the treatments of choice for early-to-
intermediate dry AMD. Laser surgery is used to treat wet macular degeneration.
Eyedrops and eye patches may be used after laser surgery but are not part of the
initial treatment for the disorder.
A client tells the nurse about having increasing difficulty seeing the print while
reading a newspaper. Which tool should the nurse select to assess this client?
A. Penlight
B. Rosenbaum eye chart
C. Snellen eye chart
D. Cover-uncover test
- ans -B
The Rosenbaum eye chart is used to test for near or reading vision. The Snellen
chart is used to test far or distant vision. A penlight is used to test extraocular
movements and pupillary response. The cover-uncover test is used to assess for
eye muscle strength.
Which diagnostic test should the nurse use to assess hearing in an infant?
A. Weber test
B. Otoacoustic emissions test
C. Whisper test
